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Cited by 87Iron Metabolism and DisordersBirth, Development, and HealthPregnancy and preeclampsia studies

Maternal Iron Status in Pregnancy and Long-Term Health Outcomes in the Offspring

Open access
Hamamy, Hanan, Alwan, Nisreen·2015·Journal of Pediatric Genetics
DOI 10.1055/s-0035-1556742PMC PMC4918713
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Abstract

Iron is an essential micronutrient and is important not only in carrying oxygen but also to the catalytic activity of a variety of enzymes. In the fetus, it is vital to the synthesis of hemoglobin and in brain development. Iron deficiency (ID) anemia in pregnancy is a common problem, even in high-income country settings. Around 50% of pregnant women worldwide are anemic, with at least half of this burden due to ID. Iron supplements are widely recommended and used during pregnancy globally. However, the evidence on the extent of benefit they contribute to the offspring's health is not well established, and their routine use has its side effects and drawbacks. Dietary iron intake is difficult to assess accurately and it is unlikely to be sufficient to meet the demands of pregnancy if women start with inadequate body iron stores at conception. Evidence from experimental animal models suggests that maternal ID during pregnancy is associated with fetal growth restriction, as well as offspring obesity and high blood pressure later in life. The possible biological mechanisms for this observed association may be due to ID-induced changes in placental structure and function, enzyme expression, nutrient absorption, and fetal organ development. However, such evidence is limited in human studies. Prenatal ID in experimental animal models also adversely affected the developing brain structures, neurotransmitter systems, and myelination resulting in acute brain dysfunction during the perio…

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  • Obesity and nutritional deficiencies, lower serum levels of ferritin, and iron deficiency as postnatal factors have been suggested to promote abnormalities in the brain and thereby influence the onset of ADHD.

    “Obesity and nutritional deficiencies (deficiency in the intake of essential fatty acids), lower serum levels of ferritin, and iron deficiency, as postnatal factors, have been suggested to promote abnormalities in the brain and thereby influence the onset of ADHD [66–69].”

    From Molecular Characterisation of the Mechanism of Action of Stimulant Drugs Lisdexamfetamine and Methylphenidate on ADHD Neurobiology: A Review (2022) · cites this paper as [66]

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Authors
Hamamy, H., & Alwan, N.
Affiliations
  • University of Geneva (CH)
  • University of Southampton (GB)
Corresponding author
Alwan, Nisreen
ORCID
Alwan, Nisreen
Venue
Journal of Pediatric Genetics
Publisher
Necmettin Erbakan University Press
Published
2015-07-31
Volume
04
Issue
02
Pages
111-123
ISSN
  • 2146-4596 (ISSN-L)
  • 2146-460X
DOI
10.1055/s-0035-1556742
PMC
PMC4918713
OpenAlex
W1160202068
Cited by
87
References
114
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6
FWCI
3.14
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Pediatric Genetics (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Iron Metabolism and Disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
Keywords
maternal iron deficiency, iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy, iron supplementation, fetal growth restriction, offspring obesity, offspring hypertension, placental function, fetal brain development, neurobehavioral abnormalities, epigenetic gene expression, long-term health effects, iron stores

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