Iron deficiency alters auditory recognition memory in newborn infants of diabetic mothers
Abstract
Infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs) are at risk for perinatal brain iron deficiency that may target the developing hippocampus. The objective of this study was to evaluate hippocampally based recognition memory and infant development in IDMs with suspected brain iron deficiency (BID; cord ferritin </=34 microg/L) compared with IDMs with sufficient brain iron stores (BIS; cord ferritin >34 microg/L) using event-related potentials (ERPs). ERPs assessed neonatal auditory cortical responses to sounds and auditory recognition memory in response to the mother's voice compared with a stranger's voice. Thirty-two newborn IDMs had cord serum ferritin concentrations and provided neonatal ERP data (n = 23) and/or blinded 1 y developmental assessments (n = 28). Auditory cortical responses to speech and nonspeech sounds were similar in the BID and BIS groups. In the maternal voice recognition paradigm, peak latencies were shorter in the BID group than in the BIS group. Infants in the BIS group displayed a significant negative slow wave for the strangers' voices compared with the mothers' voices, whereas the BID group did not. Higher cord ferritin concentrations were correlated with larger negative slow waves at the right temporal (T4) electrode site. At 1 y of age, motor development was slower in the BID group than in the BIS group. IDMs suspected to have BID demonstrated impaired neonatal auditory recognition memory and lower psychomotor developmental scores at 1 y of age than IDMs with BIS. These impairments map onto areas of the developing brain known to be vulnerable to iron deficiency.
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Early-life iron deficiency impairs cognition, motor development, social orientation and engagement, and language development, with improvements observed upon iron supplementation.
“Iron de fi ciency early in life has been shown to impair cognition, motor development, social orientation and engagement, and language development, with improvements being observed upon iron supplementation (15 -19).”
From Maternal Intake of Supplemental Iron and Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder (2014) · cites this paper as [17]
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- Authors
- Siddappa, A. M., Georgieff, M. K., Wewerka, S., Worwa, C., Nelson, C. A., & Deregnier, R.-A.
- Affiliations
- University of Minnesota (US)
- Children’s Minnesota - St. Paul Hospital (US)
- Northwestern University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Deregnier, Raye-Ann
- Venue
- Pediatric Research
- Published
- 2004-06
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1034-1041
- ISSN
- 0031-3998 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-0447
- OpenAlex
- W1988294042
- Cited by
- 269
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 9.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Pediatric Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS-32755)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD29421)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Iron Metabolism and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Infant Development and Preterm Care
- Keywords
- infants of diabetic mothers, brain iron deficiency, auditory recognition memory, hippocampus, motor development, psychomotor development
- MeSH terms
- Iron Deficiencies, Auditory Perception, Brain, Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Female, Ferritins, Fetal Blood, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Memory, Mothers, Pregnancy, Pregnancy in Diabetics, Voice
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