Cited by 128Fire effects on ecosystemsFire dynamics and safety researchFlame retardant materials and properties

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Long-term forest fire retardants: a review of quality, effectiveness, application and environmental considerations

Giménez, Anna, Pastor, Elsa, Zárate, Luis, Planas, Eulàlia, Arnaldos, Josep·2004·International Journal of Wildland Fire

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Abstract

Since the beginning of the 1930s research has been directed towards improving the effectiveness of water as a forest fire extinguishing agent. Throughout this time various chemical substances have been added to the water, and this is still the case today. Among these substances are the various types of long-term forest fire retardant, which maintain their ability to alter combustion when the water has been removed by evaporation. In order to provide an account of the current state of development of studies on long-term forest fire retardants, we carried out a bibliographic analysis with special attention to work done after 1976 on the different aspects that influence the final effectiveness of forest fire retardant: quality (programs and evaluation), effectiveness, application and environmental impact on streams and aquatic organisms, vegetation and humans. The scope of this work covers the wide subject of fire retardants and it introduces significant work related to all the aspects of fire retardant use.

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Authors: Giménez, A., Pastor, E., Zárate, L., Planas, E., & Arnaldos, J.
Affiliations: Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (ES)
Corresponding author: Giménez, Anna
ORCID: Pastor, Elsa
Zárate, Luis
Planas, Eulàlia
Arnaldos, Josep
Venue: International Journal of Wildland Fire
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Published: 2004-04-08
Volume: 13
Issue: 1
Pages: 1-15
ISSN: 1049-8001 (ISSN-L)
1448-5516
DOI: 10.1071/wf03001
OpenAlex: W2166746637
Cited by: 128
References: 33
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
FWCI: 6.50
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: International Journal of Wildland Fire (publishedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Fire effects on ecosystems
Physical Sciences › Engineering › Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality › Fire dynamics and safety research
Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Flame retardant materials and properties
Keywords: forest fire suppression, stream pollution, aquatic organisms, vegetation effects, human health effects

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Long-term forest fire retardants: a review of quality, effectiveness, application and environmental considerations

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