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Genomic and metabolic adaptations of Methanobrevibacter smithii to the human gut
Open accessAbstract
The human gut is home to trillions of microbes, thousands of bacterial phylotypes, as well as hydrogen-consuming methanogenic archaea. Studies in gnotobiotic mice indicate that Methanobrevibacter smithii , the dominant archaeon in the human gut ecosystem, affects the specificity and efficiency of bacterial digestion of dietary polysaccharides, thereby influencing host calorie harvest and adiposity. Metagenomic studies of the gut microbial communities of genetically obese mice and their lean littermates have shown that the former contain an enhanced representation of genes involved in polysaccharide degradation, possess more archaea, and exhibit a greater capacity to promote adiposity when transplanted into germ-free recipients. These findings have led to the hypothesis that M. smithii may be a therapeutic target for reducing energy harvest in obese humans. To explore this possibility, we have sequenced its 1,853,160-bp genome and compared it to other human gut-associated M. smithii strains and other Archaea. We have also examined M. smithii 's transcriptome and metabolome in gnotobiotic mice that do or do not harbor Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron , a prominent saccharolytic bacterial member of our gut microbiota. Our results indicate that M. smithii is well equipped to persist in the distal intestine through ( i ) production of surface glycans resembling those found in the gut mucosa, ( ii ) regulated expression of adhesin-like proteins, ( iii ) consumption of a variety of fermentation products produced by saccharolytic bacteria, and ( iv ) effective competition for nitrogenous nutrient pools. These findings provide a framework for designing strategies to change the representation and/or properties of M. smithii in the human gut microbiota.
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“M. smithii increases the fermentation efficiency of many bacterial taxa in the gut, including those that ferment complex polysaccharides [223].”
From The athletic gut microbiota (2020) · cites this paper as [223]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Samuel, B. S., Hansen, E. E., Manchester, J. K., Coutinho, P. M., Henrissat, B., Fulton, R., Latreille, P., Kim, K., Wilson, R. K., & Gordon, J. I.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- *Center for Genome Sciences and
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Genome Sequencing Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108; and
- Corresponding author
- Gordon, Jeffrey I.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2007-06-19
- Volume
- 104
- Issue
- 25
- Pages
- 10643-10648
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC1890564
- OpenAlex
- W1982652385
- Semantic Scholar
- 463dd629f64fdb3ab488cc731164b4cb0794bf78
- Cited by
- 549
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 28 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 32 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 31 · 2012: 27
- FWCI
- 8.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (0202737)
- W. M. Keck Foundation
- San Diego State University
- National Institutes of Health
- University of California, San Diego
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R37DK030292, DK-30292, DK 70977, R01DK070977, R01DK030292)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Keywords
- Methanobrevibacter smithii, human gut microbiome, methanogenic archaea, polysaccharide degradation, obesity, adiposity, energy harvesting, gnotobiotic mice, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, archaeal genomes, transcriptome, metabolome, nitrogen competition, hydrogen consumption, intestinal colonization
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Physiological, Animals, Bacteroides, Fermentation, Germ-Free Life, Humans, Intestines, Male, Models, Biological, Molecular Sequence Data, Genome, Bacterial, Genomics, Methanobrevibacter, Mice
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