Blue light-induced autophosphorylation of phototropin is a primary step for signaling
Open accessAbstract
Phototropins are autophosphorylating protein kinases of plant-specific blue light receptors. They regulate various blue light responses, including phototropism, chloroplast movements, hypocotyl growth inhibition, leaf flattening, and stomatal opening. However, the physiological role of autophosphorylation remains unknown. Here, we identified phosphorylation sites of Ser or Thr in the N terminus, Hinge1 region, kinase domain, and C terminus in Arabidopsis phototropin1 (phot1) by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry in vivo . We substituted these Ser or Thr residues with Ala in phot1 and analyzed their functions by inspecting the phot1-mediated responses of stomatal opening, phototropism, chloroplast accumulation, and leaf flattening after the transformation of the phot1 phot2 double mutant. Among these sites, we found that autophosphorylation of Ser-851 in the activation loop of the kinase domain was required for the responses mentioned above, whereas the phosphorylation of the other Ser and Thr, except those in the activation loop, was not. Ser-849 in the loop may have an additional role in the responses. Immunological analysis revealed that Ser-851 was phosphorylated rapidly by blue light in a fluence-dependent manner and dephosphorylated gradually upon darkness. We conclude that autophosphorylation of Ser-851 is a primary step that mediates signaling between photochemical reaction and physiological events.
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Autophosphorylation of phototropin induced by blue light is considered as the first step in initiating the blue light response in plants.
“Autophosphorylation of phototropin induced by blue light is considered as the first step in initiating the blue light response in plants (Inoue et al., 2008b).”
From The action of enhancing weak light capture via phototropic growth and chloroplast movement in plants (2022) · cites this paper as Inoue et al., 2008b
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The action of enhancing weak light capture via phototropic growth and chloroplast movement in plants
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- Authors
- Inoue, S.-I., Kinoshita, T., Matsumoto, M., Nakayama, K. I., Doi, M., & Shimazaki, K.-I.
- Affiliations
- Kyushu University (JP)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2008-04-08
- Volume
- 105
- Issue
- 14
- Pages
- 5626-5631
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC2291087
- OpenAlex
- W2073872272
- Cited by
- 269
- References
- 5
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 19.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Light effects on plants
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Keywords
- phototropin, autophosphorylation, blue light signaling, activation loop, phosphorylation sites, stomatal opening, phototropism, chloroplast movement, Arabidopsis thaliana, protein kinases
- MeSH terms
- Binding Sites, Flavoproteins, Kinetics, Light, Phosphorylation, Serine, Threonine, Signal Transduction, Arabidopsis Proteins, Cryptochromes
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