Global typology of urban energy use and potentials for an urbanization mitigation wedge
Open accessAbstract
Significance: Many case studies of specific cities have investigated factors that contribute to urban energy use and greenhouse-gas emissions. The analysis in this study is based on data from 274 cities and three global datasets and provides a typology of urban attributes of energy use. The results highlight that appropriate policies addressing urban climate change mitigation differ with type of city. A global urbanization wedge, corresponding in particular to energy-efficient urbanization in Asia, might reduce urban energy use by more than 25%, compared with a business-as-usual scenario.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Urban planning, street space rededication, smart logistical systems and increased street connectivity have the largest potential to reduce the need for travel, with a counterfactual potential of 25% reduction in urban energy use in 2050 considering only newly built cities.
“Urban planning, street space rededication, smart logistical systems and increased street connectivity with smaller distances have the largest potential to reduce the need for travel 33,34 , with a counterfactual potential of 25% reduction in urban energy use in 2050 considering only newly built cities (repercussion effects in the buildings sector are included in this estimate) 35 .”
From Demand-side solutions to climate change mitigation consistent with high levels of well-being (2022) · cites this paper as [35]
Creutzig et al. related the energy use of 300 cities worldwide to historical structural factors such as fuel taxes, which have a strong impact on urban sprawl.
“Creutzig et al. [151] related the energy use of 300 cities worldwide to historical structural factors such as fuel taxes (which have a strong impact on urban sprawl).”
From Tackling climate change with machine learning (2023) · cites this paper as [151]
Urban sprawl influences the energy use from transport, as wider cities tend to be more car-oriented.
“For instance, urban sprawl influences the energy use from transport, as wider cities tend to be more car-oriented [151,189,228].”
From Tackling climate change with machine learning (2023) · cites this paper as [151]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Draper, N. R., & Smith, H. (2005) · Technometrics · doi:10.1198/tech.2005.s303 · Cited by 17,993 · see citing works
Human behavior and the principle of least effort
Zipf, G. K. (1949) · Max Planck Digital Library · Cited by 6,598 · see citing works
Travel and the Built Environment
Ewing, R., & Cervero, R. (2010) · Journal of the American Planning Association · doi:10.1080/01944361003766766 · Cited by 5,461 · see citing works
Global forecasts of urban expansion to 2030 and direct impacts on biodiversity and carbon pools
Seto, K. C., Güneralp, B., & Hutyra, L. R. (2012) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1211658109 · Cited by 5,086 · see citing works
Self-citationDraper, N. R., & Smith, H. (1998) · Wiley series in probability and statistics · doi:10.1002/9781118625590 · Cited by 5,086 · see citing works
Location and Land Use: Toward a General Theory of Land Rent
Alonso, W. (1964) · Cited by 3,815 · see citing works
Alonso, W. (1964) · Harvard University Press eBooks · doi:10.4159/harvard.9780674730854 · Cited by 3,364 · see citing works
Fixed-and random-effects models in meta-analysis.
Hedges, L. V., & Vevea, J. L. (1998) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/1082-989x.3.4.486 · Cited by 2,977 · see citing works
Inference When a Nuisance Parameter Is Not Identified Under the Null Hypothesis
Hansen, B. E. (1996) · Econometrica · doi:10.2307/2171789 · Cited by 2,312 · see citing works
A Guide to Modern Econometrics
Verbeek, M. (2000) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 1,777 · see citing works
Carbon Footprint of Nations: A Global, Trade-Linked Analysis
Hertwich, E. G., & Peters, G. P. (2009) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es803496a · Cited by 1,715 · see citing works
Weisberg, S. (2005) · Wiley series in probability and statistics · doi:10.1002/0471704091 · Cited by 1,454 · see citing works
The Size, Scale, and Shape of Cities
Batty, M. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1151419 · Cited by 1,434 · see citing works
Cao, X., Mokhtarian, P. L., & Handy, S. (2009) · Transport Reviews · doi:10.1080/01441640802539195 · Cited by 1,083 · see citing works
Gasoline Consumption and Cities
Newman, P. W. G., & Kenworthy, J. R. (1989) · Journal of the American Planning Association · doi:10.1080/01944368908975398 · Cited by 944 · see citing works
Blaming cities for climate change? An analysis of urban greenhouse gas emissions inventories
Dodman, D. (2009) · Environment and Urbanization · doi:10.1177/0956247809103016 · Cited by 838 · see citing works
Urban energy use and carbon emissions from cities in China and policy implications
Dhakal, S. (2009) · Energy Policy · doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2009.05.020 · Cited by 831 · see citing works
Elasticities of Road Traffic and Fuel Consumption with Respect to Price and Income: A Review
Goodwin, P. B., Dargay, J., & HANLY, M. (2004) · Transport Reviews · doi:10.1080/0144164042000181725 · Cited by 795 · see citing works
Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Global Cities
Kennedy, C. A., Steinberger, J. K., Gasson, B., Hansen, Y., Hillman, T., Havránek, M., Pataki, D. E., Phdungsilp, A., Ramaswami, A., & Villalba, G. (2009) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es900213p · Cited by 736 · see citing works
The impact of urban form on U.S. residential energy use
Ewing, R., & Rong, F. (2008) · Housing Policy Debate · doi:10.1080/10511482.2008.9521624 · Cited by 712 · see citing works
The household energy transition in India and China
Pachauri, S., & Jiang, L. (2008) · Energy Policy · doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2008.06.016 · Cited by 559 · see citing works
Cities and greenhouse gas emissions: moving forward
Hoornweg, D., Sugar, L., & Gómez, C. L. T. (2011) · Environment and Urbanization · doi:10.1177/0956247810392270 · Cited by 503 · see citing works
Fuel taxes: An important instrument for climate policy
Sterner, T. (2007) · Energy Policy · doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2006.10.025 · Cited by 458 · see citing works
Carbon footprints of cities and other human settlements in the UK
Minx, J. C., Baiocchi, G., Wiedmann, T., Barrett, J., Creutzig, F., Feng, K., Förster, M., Pichler, P., Weisz, H., & Hubacek, K. (2013) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035039 · Cited by 445 · see citing works
Self-citationHuman Settlements, Infrastructure and Spatial Planning
Seto, K. C., Dhakal, S., Bigio, A. G., Blanco, H., Ramos, G. C. D., Dewar, D., Huang, L., Inaba, A., Kansal, A., Lwasa, S., et al. (2014) · eScholarship (California Digital Library) · Cited by 394 · see citing works
Self-citationREGRESSION TREES WITH UNBIASED VARIABLE SELECTION AND INTERACTION DETECTION
Loh, W. (2002) · Cited by 370 · see citing works
Are We Reaching Peak Travel? Trends in Passenger Transport in Eight Industrialized Countries
Millard‐Ball, A., & Schipper, L. J. (2010) · Transport Reviews · doi:10.1080/01441647.2010.518291 · Cited by 340 · see citing works
Land-Use Transport Interaction: State of the ArtPreprint
Wegener, M., & Fuerst, F. (2009) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.1434678 · Cited by 339 · see citing works
Greenhouse Gas Emission Footprints and Energy Use Benchmarks for Eight U.S. Cities
Hillman, T., & Ramaswami, A. (2010) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es9024194 · Cited by 317 · see citing works
Reducing energy and material flows in cities
Weisz, H., & Steinberger, J. K. (2010) · Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability · doi:10.1016/j.cosust.2010.05.010 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
Climate change mitigation and co-benefits of feasible transport demand policies in Beijing
Creutzig, F., & He, D. (2008) · Transportation Research Part D Transport and Environment · doi:10.1016/j.trd.2008.11.007 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Self-citationChávez, A., & Ramaswami, A. (2012) · Energy Policy · doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2012.10.037 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Ramaswami, A., & Chávez, A. (2013) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035011 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
The CO2 emission reduction benefits of Chinese energy policies and environmental policies:
Gielen, D. J., & Changhong, C. (2001) · Ecological Economics · doi:10.1016/s0921-8009(01)00206-3 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Hirst, E., Goeltz, R. T., & Carney, J. (1982) · Energy Economics · doi:10.1016/0140-9883(82)90024-x · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Energizing sustainable cities : assessing urban energy
Grübler, A., & Fisk, D. (2012) · Cited by 86 · see citing works
How fuel prices determine public transport infrastructure, modal shares and urban form
Creutzig, F. (2014) · Urban Climate · doi:10.1016/j.uclim.2014.09.003 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Self-citationUrban Climate Change Mitigation in Europe: Looking at and beyond the Role of Population Density
Baur, A. H., Thess, M., Kleinschmit, B., & Creutzig, F. (2013) · Journal of Urban Planning and Development · doi:10.1061/(asce)up.1943-5444.0000165 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Self-citationLoh, W. (2010) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Computational Statistics · doi:10.1002/wics.86 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Future urban land expansion and implications for global croplands
d’Amour, C. B., Reitsma, F., Baiocchi, G., Barthel, S., Güneralp, B., Erb, K., Haberl, H., Creutzig, F., & Seto, K. C. (2016) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1606036114 · Cited by 1,386 · see citing works
Self-citationGao, J., & O’Neill, B. C. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-15788-7 · Cited by 669 · see citing works
Consumption-based emission accounting for Chinese cities
Mi, Z., Zhang, Y., Guan, D., Shan, Y., Liu, Z., Cong, R., Yuan, X.-C., & Wei, Y. (2016) · Applied Energy · doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.06.094 · Cited by 637 · see citing works
Methodology and applications of city level CO2 emission accounts in China
Shan, Y., Guan, D., Liu, J., Mi, Z., Liu, Z., Liu, J., Schroeder, H., Cai, B., Chen, Y., Shao, S., et al. (2017) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.06.075 · Cited by 593 · see citing works
Demand-side solutions to climate change mitigation consistent with high levels of well-being
Creutzig, F., Niamir, L., Bai, X., Callaghan, M., Cullen, J., Díaz-José, J., Figueroa, M., Grubler, A., Lamb, W. F., Leip, A., et al. (2022) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/s41558-021-01219-y · Cited by 579 · see citing works
Self-citationUnequal household carbon footprints in China
Wiedenhofer, D., Guan, D., Liu, Z., Meng, J., Zhang, N., & Wei, Y. (2016) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/nclimate3165 · Cited by 523 · see citing works
City-level climate change mitigation in China
Shan, Y., Guan, D., Hubacek, K., Zheng, B., Davis, S. J., Jia, L., Liu, J., Liu, Z., Fromer, N. A., Mi, Z., et al. (2018) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaq0390 · Cited by 476 · see citing works
Carbon footprints of 13 000 cities
Moran, D. D., Kanemoto, K., Jiborn, M., Wood, R. A., Többen, J., & Seto, K. C. (2018) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aac72a · Cited by 417 · see citing works
Self-citationDemuzere, M., Kittner, J., Martilli, A., Mills, G. M., Moede, C., Stewart, I. D., van Vliet, J., & Bechtel, B. (2022) · Earth system science data · doi:10.5194/essd-14-3835-2022 · Cited by 429 · see citing works
China’s CO2 peak before 2030 implied from characteristics and growth of cities
Wang, H., Lu, X., Deng, Y., Sun, Y., Nielsen, C., Liu, Y., Zhu, G., Bu, M., Bi, J., & McElroy, M. B. (2019) · Nature Sustainability · doi:10.1038/s41893-019-0339-6 · Cited by 336 · see citing works
Beyond Technology: Demand-Side Solutions for Climate Change Mitigation
Creutzig, F., Milan, B. F., Haberl, H., Khosla, R., Mulugetta, Y., & Seto, K. C. (2016) · Annual Review of Environment and Resources · doi:10.1146/annurev-environ-110615-085428 · Cited by 329 · see citing works
Self-citationChange, I. P. O. C. (2023) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009157926.004 · Cited by 329 · see citing works
The Routledge Handbook of Urbanization and Global Environmental Change
Seto, K. C., SOLECKI, W. D., & Griffith, C. A. (2015) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315849256 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
Self-citationCarbon emissions of cities from a consumption-based perspective
Mi, Z., Zheng, J., Meng, J., Zheng, H., Li, X., Coffman, D., Woltjer, J., Wang, S., & Guan, D. (2018) · Applied Energy · doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.10.137 · Cited by 289 · see citing works
Smart city as a tool for sustainable mobility and transport decarbonisation
Zawieska, J., & Pieriegud, J. (2017) · Transport Policy · doi:10.1016/j.tranpol.2017.11.004 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Climate change, equity and the Sustainable Development Goals: an urban perspective
Reckien, D., Creutzig, F., Fernandez, B., Lwasa, S., Tovar-Restrepo, M., McEvoy, D., & Satterthwaite, D. (2017) · Environment and Urbanization · doi:10.1177/0956247816677778 · Cited by 280 · see citing works
Self-citationPopulation–Urbanization–Energy Nexus: A Review
Avtar, R., Tripathi, S., Aggarwal, A. K., & Kumar, P. (2019) · Resources · doi:10.3390/resources8030136 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
Urban infrastructure choices structure climate solutions
Creutzig, F., Agoston, P., Minx, J. C., Canadell, J. G., Andrew, R. M., Quéré, C. L., Peters, G. P., Sharifi, A., Yamagata, Y., & Dhakal, S. (2016) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/nclimate3169 · Cited by 266 · see citing works
Self-citationToward a Resource‐Efficient Built Environment: A Literature Review and Conceptual Model
Ness, D. A., & Xing, K. (2017) · Journal of Industrial Ecology · doi:10.1111/jiec.12586 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Urban sustainability assessment: An overview and bibliometric analysis
Sharifi, A. (2020) · Ecological Indicators · doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.107102 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
From Low- to Net-Zero Carbon Cities: The Next Global Agenda
Seto, K. C., Churkina, G., Hsu, A., Keller, M., Newman, P. W. G., Qin, B., & Ramaswami, A. (2021) · Annual Review of Environment and Resources · doi:10.1146/annurev-environ-050120-113117 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Self-citationAn emissions-socioeconomic inventory of Chinese cities
Shan, Y., Liu, J., Liu, Z., Shao, S., & Guan, D. (2019) · Scientific Data · doi:10.1038/sdata.2019.27 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Jiang, D. (2019) · Computer Communications · doi:10.1016/j.comcom.2019.10.035 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Bashir, M. F., Ma, B., Shahbaz, M. Q., Shahzad, U., & Vo, X. V. (2021) · Energy · doi:10.1016/j.energy.2021.120366 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Factors affecting low-carbon consumption behavior of urban residents: A comprehensive review
Ding, Z., Jiang, X., Liu, Z., Long, R., Xu, Z., & Cao, Q. (2018) · Resources Conservation and Recycling · doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.01.013 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Shan, Y., Fang, S., Cai, B., Zhou, Y., Li, D., Feng, K., & Hubacek, K. (2021) · One Earth · doi:10.1016/j.oneear.2020.12.004 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Building up or spreading out? Typologies of urban growth across 478 cities of 1 million+
Mahtta, R., Mahendra, A., & Seto, K. C. (2019) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ab59bf · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Self-citationWu, H., Abbas, Q., Alharthi, M., Mohsin, M., Hanif, I., Vo, X. V., & Hesary, F. T. (2020) · International Journal of Hydrogen Energy · doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.06.177 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Tackling climate change with machine learning
Rolnick, D., Donti, P. L., Kaack, L. H., Kochanski, K., Lacoste, A., Sankaran, K., Ross, A. S., Milojevic-Dupont, N., Jaques, N., Waldman-Brown, A., et al. (2023) · ACM Computing Surveys · doi:10.1145/3485128 · Cited by 336 · see citing works
Self-citationZhou, Y., Shan, Y., Liu, G., & Guan, D. (2018) · Applied Energy · doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.07.038 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
The Role of Urbanization in the Global Carbon Cycle
Churkina, G. (2016) · Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.3389/fevo.2015.00144 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Reducing Urban Greenhouse Gas Footprints
Pichler, P., Zwickel, T., Chávez, A., Kretschmer, T., Wallack, J. S., & Weisz, H. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-15303-x · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Self-citationThree‐scope carbon emission inventories of global cities
Wiedmann, T., Chen, G., Owen, A., Manfred Lenzen, A., Doust, M., Barrett, J., & Steele, K. (2020) · Journal of Industrial Ecology · doi:10.1111/jiec.13063 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Impact of Urban Density and Building Height on Energy Use in Cities
Resch, E., Bohne, R. A., Kvamsdal, T., & Lohne, J. (2016) · Energy Procedia · doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2016.09.142 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
The Material Stock–Flow–Service Nexus: A New Approach for Tackling the Decoupling Conundrum
Haberl, H., Wiedenhofer, D., Erb, K., Görg, C., & Krausmann, F. (2017) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su9071049 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Demand, Services and Social Aspects of Mitigation
(IPCC), I. P. O. C. C. (2023) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009157926.007 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Learning about urban climate solutions from case studies
Lamb, W. F., Creutzig, F., Callaghan, M. W., & Minx, J. C. (2019) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/s41558-019-0440-x · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Self-citationZhou, Y., Li, X., Chen, W., Meng, L., Wu, Q., Gong, P., & Seto, K. C. (2022) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2214813119 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Self-citationWiedenhofer, D., Smetschka, B., Akenji, L., Jalas, M., & Haberl, H. (2018) · Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability · doi:10.1016/j.cosust.2018.02.007 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Bibri, S. E. (2018) · European Journal of Futures Research · doi:10.1186/s40309-018-0142-z · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Machine learning for geographically differentiated climate change mitigation in urban areas
Milojevic-Dupont, N., & Creutzig, F. (2020) · Sustainable Cities and Society · doi:10.1016/j.scs.2020.102526 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Self-citationGómez-Echeverri, L. F. (2018) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences · doi:10.1098/rsta.2016.0444 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Urban Systems and Other Settlements
Change, I. P. O. C. (2023) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009157926.010 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
The statistical physics of cities
Barthélemy, M. (2019) · Nature Reviews Physics · doi:10.1038/s42254-019-0054-2 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Wang, Z., Cui, C., & Peng, S. (2018) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.11.272 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Xu, L., Du, H., & Zhang, X. (2020) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.125169 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Urban mental health: challenges and perspectives
Okkels, N., Kristiansen, C. B., Munk-Jørgensen, P., & Sartorius, N. (2018) · Current Opinion in Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/yco.0000000000000413 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
High-Resolution Maps of Material Stocks in Buildings and Infrastructures in Austria and Germany
Haberl, H., Wiedenhofer, D., Schug, F., Frantz, D., Virág, D., Plutzar, C., Gruhler, K., Lederer, J., Schiller, G., Fishman, T., et al. (2021) · Environmental Science and Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.0c05642 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Parnell, S. M., Elmqvist, T., McPhearson, T., Nagendra, H., Sörlin, S., Haase, D., Güneralp, B., Dahiya, B., Bai, X., Alberti, M., et al. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316647554 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Upscaling urban data science for global climate solutions
Creutzig, F., Lohrey, S., Bai, X., Baklanov, A., Dawson, R., Dhakal, S., Lamb, W. F., McPhearson, T., Minx, J., Munoz, E., et al. (2019) · Global Sustainability · doi:10.1017/sus.2018.16 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Self-citationGreenhouse gas emissions from global cities under SSP/RCP scenarios, 1990 to 2100
Gurney, K. R., Kılkış, Ş., Seto, K. C., Lwasa, S., Moran, D. D., Riahi, K., Keller, M., Rayner, P. J., & Luqman, M. (2022) · Global Environmental Change · doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2022.102478 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Self-citationEstimating population and urban areas at risk of coastal hazards, 1990–2015: how data choices matter
MacManus, K., Balk, D. L., Engin, H., McGranahan, G., & Inman, R. (2021) · Earth system science data · doi:10.5194/essd-13-5747-2021 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Physical and virtual carbon metabolism of global cities
Chen, S., Chen, B., Feng, K., Liu, Z., Fromer, N. A., Tan, X., Alsaedi, A., Hayat, T., Weisz, H., Schellnhuber, H. J., et al. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-019-13757-3 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Carreón, J. R., & Worrell, E. (2017) · Resources Conservation and Recycling · doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.08.004 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Policy-Relevant Assessment of Urban CO2 Emissions
Lauvaux, T., Gurney, K. R., Miles, N. L., Davis, K. J., Richardson, S. J., Deng, A. J., Nathan, B. J., Oda, T., Wang, J. A., Hutyra, L. R., et al. (2020) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.0c00343 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Worldwide scaling of waste generation in urban systems
Lu, M., Zhou, C., Wang, C., Jackson, R. B., & Kempes, C. P. (2024) · Nature Cities · doi:10.1038/s44284-023-00021-5 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Industrial Ecology: The role of manufactured capital in sustainability
Weisz, H., Suh, S., & Graedel, T. E. (2015) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1506532112 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
City density and CO2 efficiency
Gudipudi, R., Fluschnik, T., Ros, A. G. C., Walther, C., & Kropp, J. P. (2016) · Energy Policy · doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2016.01.015 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Change, I. P. O. C. (2023) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009157926.012 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Tardioli, G., Kerrigan, R., Oates, M., O’Donnell, J., & Finn, D. (2018) · Building and Environment · doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2018.05.035 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Xie, L., Yan, H., Shuhan, Z., & Chu, W. (2019) · China Economic Review · doi:10.1016/j.chieco.2019.101374 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Does urbanization lead to less residential energy consumption? A comparative study of 136 countries
Wang, Q., Lin, J., Zhou, K., Fan, J., & Kwan, M. (2020) · Energy · doi:10.1016/j.energy.2020.117765 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Yu, Y., Zhang, N., & Kim, J. D. (2020) · Energy Policy · doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111354 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Making more effective use of human behavioural science in conservation interventions
Balmford, A. P., Bradbury, R. B., Bauer, J. M., Broad, S., Burgess, G., Burgman, M. A., Byerly, H., Clayton, S., Espelosin, D., Ferraro, P. J., et al. (2021) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109256 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Davis, K. J., Deng, A. J., Lauvaux, T., Miles, N. L., Richardson, S. J., Sarmiento, D. P., Gurney, K. R., Hardesty, R. M., Bonin, T. A., Brewer, W. A., et al. (2017) · Elementa Science of the Anthropocene · doi:10.1525/elementa.188 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Zhu, Y., Shi, Y., Wu, J., Wu, L., & Xiong, W. (2017) · Ecological Economics · doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.12.020 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Feasible mitigation actions in developing countries
Jakob, M., Steckel, J. C., Klasen, S., Lay, J., Grunewald, N., Martínez‐Zarzoso, I., Renner, S., & Edenhofer, O. (2014) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/nclimate2370 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Evolving Narratives of Low-Carbon Futures in Transportation
Creutzig, F. (2015) · Transport Reviews · doi:10.1080/01441647.2015.1079277 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Environmental Impact of Sharing: Household and Urban Economies in CO2 Emissions
Fremstad, A., Underwood, A., & Zahran, S. (2017) · Ecological Economics · doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.08.024 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Urban energy exchanges monitoring from space
Chrysoulakis, N., Grimmond, S., Feigenwinter, C., Lindberg, F., Gastellu‐Etchegorry, J., Marconcini, M., Mitraka, Z., Stagakis, S., Crawford, B., Olofson, F., et al. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-29873-x · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Global trends toward urban street-network sprawl
Barrington-Leigh, C. P., & Millard‐Ball, A. (2020) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1905232116 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
A spatial typology of human settlements and their CO2 emissions in England
Baiocchi, G., Creutzig, F., Minx, J. C., & Pichler, P. (2015) · Global Environmental Change · doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2015.06.001 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Self-citationGlobally elevated greenhouse gas emissions from polluted urban rivers
Xu, W., Wang, G., Liu, S., Wang, J., McDowell, W. H., Huang, K., Raymond, P. A., Yang, Z., & Xia, X. (2024) · Nature Sustainability · doi:10.1038/s41893-024-01358-y · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Zhang, Q., Yang, J., Sun, Z., & Wu, F. (2017) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.05.071 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Wiedenhofer, D., Fishman, T., Plank, B., Miatto, A., Lauk, C., Haas, W., Haberl, H., & Krausmann, F. (2021) · Global Environmental Change · doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2021.102410 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Local strategies for China's carbon mitigation: An investigation of Chinese city-level CO2 emissions
Cai, B., Guo, H., Cao, L., Guan, D., & Bai, H. (2018) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.01.054 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
The scale and drivers of carbon footprints in households, cities and regions across India
Lee, J., Taherzadeh, O., & Kanemoto, K. (2020) · Global Environmental Change · doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2020.102205 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
A global dataset of CO2 emissions and ancillary data related to emissions for 343 cities
Nangini, C., Peregon, A. M., Ciais, P., Weddige, U., Vogel, F., Wang, J., Bréon, F., Bachra, S., Wang, Y., Gurney, K. R., et al. (2019) · Scientific Data · doi:10.1038/sdata.2018.280 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Self-citationLi, X., & Zhou, W. (2018) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.244 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Low-carbon developments in Northeast China: Evidence from cities
Liu, X., Duan, Z., Shan, Y., Duan, H., Wang, S., Song, J., & Wang, X. (2018) · Applied Energy · doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.12.060 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Exploring the economic case for climate action in cities
Gouldson, A., Colenbrander, S., Sudmant, A., McAnulla, F., Kerr, N., Sakai, P., Hall, S., Papargyropoulou, E., & Kuylenstierna, J. (2015) · Global Environmental Change · doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2015.07.009 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
The consumption-based black carbon emissions of China's megacities
Meng, J., Mi, Z., Yang, H., Shan, Y., Guan, D., & Liu, J. (2017) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.02.185 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
SOLECKI, W. D., Seto, K. C., Balk, D. L., Bigio, A. G., Boone, C. G., Creutzig, F., Fragkias, M., Lwasa, S., Marcotullio, P. J., Romero‐Lankao, P., et al. (2015) · Urban Climate · doi:10.1016/j.uclim.2015.07.001 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Self-citationOn the conditions of ‘late urbanisation’
Fox, S., & Goodfellow, T. (2021) · Urban Studies · doi:10.1177/00420980211032654 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
The future of Russia’s renewable energy sector: Trends, scenarios and policies
Proskuryakova, L. N., & Ermolenko, G. V. (2019) · Renewable Energy · doi:10.1016/j.renene.2019.05.096 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Trade openness and urbanization impact on renewable and non-renewable energy consumption in China
Han, J., Zeeshan, M., Ullah, I., Rehman, A., & Afridi, F. E. A. (2022) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-021-18353-x · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Urban Big Data and Sustainable Development Goals: Challenges and Opportunities
Kharrazi, A., Qin, H., & Zhang, Y. (2016) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su8121293 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Impacts of land use and socioeconomic patterns on urban heat Island
Tang, J., Di, L., Xiao, J., Lu, D., & Zhou, Y. (2017) · International Journal of Remote Sensing · doi:10.1080/01431161.2017.1295485 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Measuring Urban Carbon Footprint from Carbon Flows in the Global Supply Chain
Hu, Y., Lin, J., Cui, S., & Khanna, N. Z. (2016) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.6b00985 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Using explainable machine learning to understand how urban form shapes sustainable mobility
Wagner, F., Milojevic-Dupont, N., Franken, L., Zekar, A., Thies, B., Koch, N., & Creutzig, F. (2022) · Transportation Research Part D Transport and Environment · doi:10.1016/j.trd.2022.103442 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Self-citationXu, C., Haase, D., Su, M., & Yang, Z. (2019) · Applied Energy · doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.113671 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Novel validated method for GIS based automated dynamic urban building energy simulations
Nageler, P. J., Zahrer, G., Heimrath, R., Mach, T., Mauthner, F., Leusbrock, I., Schranzhofer, H., & Hochenauer, C. (2017) · Energy · doi:10.1016/j.energy.2017.07.151 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
City Carbon Footprint Networks
Chen, G., Wiedmann, T., Hadjikakou, M., & Rowley, H. V. (2016) · Energies · doi:10.3390/en9080602 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Deetjen, T. A., Conger, J. P., Leibowicz, B. D., & Webber, M. E. (2018) · Sustainable Cities and Society · doi:10.1016/j.scs.2018.06.023 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
City-Scale Building Anthropogenic Heating during Heat Waves
Luo, X., Vahmani, P., Hong, T., & Jones, A. D. (2020) · Atmosphere · doi:10.3390/atmos11111206 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
CO2Emissions from Direct Energy Use of Urban Households in India
Ahmad, S., Baiocchi, G., & Creutzig, F. (2015) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es505814g · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Self-citationLee, J. H., & Lim, S. (2017) · Sustainable Cities and Society · doi:10.1016/j.scs.2017.11.006 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Haase, D., Güneralp, B., Dahiya, B., Bai, X., & Elmqvist, T. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316647554.003 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
White goods for white people? Drivers of electric appliance growth in emerging economies
Rao, N. D., & Ummel, K. (2017) · Energy Research & Social Science · doi:10.1016/j.erss.2017.03.005 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Climate change mitigation in cities: a systematic scoping of case studies
Sethi, M., Lamb, W. F., Minx, J. C., & Creutzig, F. (2020) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ab99ff · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Creutzig, F., Baiocchi, G., Bierkandt, R., Pichler, P.-P., & Seto, K. C.
- Affiliations
- Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change (DE)
- University of Maryland, College Park (US)
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (DE)
- Yale University (US)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2015-01-12
- Volume
- 112
- Issue
- 20
- Pages
- 6283-6288
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC4443311
- OpenAlex
- W2123954521
- Cited by
- 598
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 54 · 2025: 53 · 2024: 50 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 50 · 2021: 56 · 2020: 56 · 2019: 56 · 2018: 97 · 2017: 44 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 18.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Publication Database PIK (Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK)) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Energy, Environment, Economic Growth
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Climate Change and Sustainable Development
- Keywords
- urban energy consumption, climate change mitigation, urban greenhouse gas emissions, transportation energy use, compact city, urban planning policy, transport planning policy, gasoline prices, population density, urban expansion, urban typology
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
