Humans adapt to social diversity over time

Ramos, Miguel R.; Bennett, Matthew R.; Massey, Douglas S.; Hewstone, Miles

doi:10.1073/pnas.1818884116

Cited by 131Social and Intergroup PsychologyReligion and Society InteractionsCultural Differences and Values

Humans adapt to social diversity over time

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Ramos, Miguel R., Bennett, Matthew R., Massey, Douglas S., Hewstone, Miles·2019·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

DOI 10.1073/pnas.1818884116PMC PMC6589669

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Abstract

Significance: Changes in social diversity constitute a key factor shaping today’s world, yet scholarly work about the consequences of diversity has been marked by a critical lack of consensus. To address this concern, we propose a multidisciplinary approach where psychological, sociological, and evolutionary perspectives are integrated to provide an account of how individuals adapt to changes in social diversity. With an analysis of 22 y of worldwide data, our results suggest that humans are initially inclined to react negatively to threats to homogeneity, but that these negative effects are compensated in the long term by the beneficial effects of intergroup contact. Our findings advance knowledge and inform political debate about one of the defining challenges of modern societies.

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The research to date on the effects of positive contact with immigrants holds considerable promise.
“The research to date on the effects of positive contact with immigrants holds considerable promise (Kotzur et al. 2018; see also Ramos et al. 2019), and additional research on this strategy and others is needed.”
From Prejudice and Discrimination Toward Immigrants (2021) · cites this paper as Ramos et al. 2019

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Authors: Ramos, M. R., Bennett, M. R., Massey, D. S., & Hewstone, M.
Affiliations: Iscte – Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (PT)
University of Birmingham (GB)
Princeton University (US)
University of Oxford (GB)
ORCID: Ramos, Miguel R.
Bennett, Matthew R.
Massey, Douglas S.
Hewstone, Miles
Venue: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Publisher: National Academy of Sciences
Published: 2019-05-09
Volume: 116
Issue: 25
Pages: 12244-12249
ISSN: 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
1091-6490
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1818884116
PMC: PMC6589669
OpenAlex: W2944506469
Cited by: 131
References: 40
Citations by year: 2026: 10 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 7
FWCI: 24.65
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.pnas.org/site/aboutpnas/licenses.xhtml (vor, 184 d)
Locations: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) (acceptedVersion)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Repositório do ISCTE-IUL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
NOVA (University of Newcastle Australia) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Marie Curie Fellowship (627982)
U.S. National Instiute of Child Health and Human Development (5P2CHD047879)
Nuffield Foundation (WEL/43108)
Topics: Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Religion and Society Interactions
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Cultural Differences and Values
Keywords: social diversity, religious diversity, homogeneity, intergroup contact, trust, quality of life, globalization, intergroup relations, long-term adaptation
MeSH terms: Adaptation, Psychological, Humans, Models, Theoretical, Quality of Life, Religion, Social Behavior, Social Values, Time Factors, Cultural Diversity

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Humans adapt to social diversity over time

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