Climate change mitigation potential of carbon capture and utilization in the chemical industry
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Significance: Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) drives climate change when released to the atmosphere. Alternatively, CO 2 could be captured and utilized as carbon source for chemicals. Here, we provide a global assessment of the technical climate change mitigation potential of carbon capture and utilization (CCU) in the chemical industry. We develop an engineering-level model of the global chemical industry representing 75% of current greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The model allows us to analyze the potential disruptive changes through large-scale CO 2 utilization and resulting emission reductions. Our study shows that CCU has the technical potential to lead to a carbon-neutral chemical industry and decouple chemical production from fossil resources. This transition, however, would cause largely increased mass flows and demand for low-carbon electricity.
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Utilizing biogenic or renewable carbon as the core structural molecule offers many sectors new avenues to achieve net-zero emission targets, especially hard-to-decarbonize industries like petrochemicals.
“Utilizing biogenic or renewable carbon as the core structural molecule offers many sectors new avenues to achieve net-zero emission targets, especially so-called hard-todecarbonize industries like petrochemicals (Kätelhön et al., 2019; Fernández et al., 2020).”
From Circular Bioeconomy Concepts—A Perspective (2021) · cites this paper as Kätelhön et al., 2019
The Discussion (page not supplied) says biogenic CO₂ sources can allow a closed carbon cycle and that CCU could supply carbon feedstock for chemicals, plastics, and pharmaceuticals in a net-zero economy. The paper supports a potential route for the chemical industry, but does not establish that renewable carbon offers many sectors avenues to meet net-zero targets; it also makes the mitigation potential conditional on factors including low-carbon electricity. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn terms of the climate impact per kWh of electricity use, available renewable electricity is more efficiently directed towards e-mobility and heat pumps rather than towards hydrogen-based CCU technologies in the chemical industry.
“In terms of the climate impact per kWh of electricity use, available renewable electricity is more efficiently directed towards e-mobility and heat pumps rather than towards hydrogen-based CCU technologies in the chemical industry 73 .”
From The technological and economic prospects for CO2 utilization and removal (2019) · cites this paper as [73]
The net climate impact of the CO2 utilization pathways will, in many cases, depend upon the emissions intensity from the prevailing processes.
“The net climate impact of the CO 2 utilization pathways will, in many cases, depend upon the emissions intensity from the prevailing processes 73 .”
From The technological and economic prospects for CO2 utilization and removal (2019) · cites this paper as [73]
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- Authors
- Kätelhön, A., Meys, R., Deutz, S., Suh, S., & Bardow, A.
- Affiliations
- RWTH Aachen University (DE)
- University of California, Santa Barbara (US)
- Forschungszentrum Jülich (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Bardow, André
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2019-05-13
- Volume
- 116
- Issue
- 23
- Pages
- 11187-11194
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC6561304
- OpenAlex
- W2946269349
- Semantic Scholar
- e24d6d882c78389a9c356b87ac46e065087549cf
- Cited by
- 643
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 65 · 2025: 94 · 2024: 104 · 2023: 98 · 2022: 99 · 2021: 96 · 2020: 72 · 2019: 15
- FWCI
- 39.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- RWTH Publications (RWTH Aachen) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (83557907)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Climate Change Policy and Economics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Keywords
- carbon capture and utilization, CO2 utilization, chemical industry, climate change mitigation, greenhouse gas emissions, decarbonization, mass flow
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