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Demographic perspectives on the mortality of COVID-19 and other epidemics
Open accessAbstract
Significance: What would a hypothetical 1 million US deaths in the COVID-19 epidemic mean for mortality of individuals at the population level? Life expectancy for 2020 would drop by 2.9 y. Those dying would lose an average of 11.7 y of expected remaining life, while for the general population the loss of remaining life would be 0.2 y for elders (at age 80) and much less at younger ages. Mortality per person would be less than that of the Spanish flu, but closer to that of the opioid and HIV/AIDS epidemics, while far more concentrated in time. The standard valuation of averting 1.75 million deaths would be many trillions of dollars.
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“The Covid‐19 pandemic has compressed deaths in a short time span compared to other epidemics of the posttransitional world (Goldstein and Lee 2020)”
From Demography: Fast and Slow (2022) · cites this paper as Goldstein and Lee 2020
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“Because the risk of severe disease and death from COVID-19 increases exponentially with age,189 it is not surprising that Africa—and sub-Saharan Africa in particular—has recorded relatively fewer deaths, despite very limited containment policies and generally inadequate health systems.”
From The Lancet Commission on lessons for the future from the COVID-19 pandemic (2022) · cites this paper as [189]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Goldstein, J. R., & Lee, R. D.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- Corresponding author
- Goldstein, Joshua R.
- Lee, Ronald D.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2020-08-20
- Volume
- 117
- Issue
- 36
- Pages
- 22035-22041
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC7486771
- OpenAlex
- W3017550043
- Cited by
- 287
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 71 · 2021: 94 · 2020: 22
- FWCI
- 84.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- correction (2020-11-02)
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- HHS | NIH | National Institute on Aging (5P30AG012839, R01AG058940)
- HHS | NIH | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P2CHD072964)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Demography › Insurance, Mortality, Demography, Risk Management
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Modeling and Simulation › COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Healthcare Systems and Public Health
- Keywords
- COVID-19 mortality, age-specific mortality, period life expectancy, years of life lost, HIV/AIDS epidemic, opioid overdose epidemic, 1918 influenza pandemic, all-cause mortality
- MeSH terms
- Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Demography, Humans, Life Expectancy, Mortality, Pneumonia, Viral, United States, Cost of Illness, Coronavirus Infections, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century, Epidemics, Pandemics
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