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The new animal phylogeny: Reliability and implications
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DNA sequence analysis dictates new interpretation of phylogenic trees. Taxa that were once thought to represent successive grades of complexity at the base of the metazoan tree are being displaced to much higher positions inside the tree. This leaves no evolutionary "intermediates" and forces us to rethink the genesis of bilaterian complexity.
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“Thus the parental anemones whose genomes we sampled have somewhat less allelic variation than broadcast spawning invertebrates such as sea squirts (~2%) (7) and sea urchins (5-10%) (8), or outbreeding plants like Populus (~2%) (34), but a comparable amount to the pufferfish (0.5%) (35).”
From Sea Anemone Genome Reveals Ancestral Eumetazoan Gene Repertoire and Genomic Organization (2007) · cites this paper as [34]
In the citing paper
“The Bilateria thus derive from a common ancestor, a point repeatedly substantiated in current molecular phylogenies (reviewed in Adoutte et al., 2000;Peterson and Eernisse, 2001).”
From Precambrian Animal Life: Probable Developmental and Adult Cnidarian Forms from Southwest China (2002) · cites this paper as Adoutte et al., 2000
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“Cladistic analyses, both morphological and molecular, clearly indicate that the bilaterians are monophyletic, i.e., they derive from a latest common ancestor that gave rise only to bilaterians (see ref. 8).”
From Precambrian animal diversity: Putative phosphatized embryos from the Doushantuo Formation of China (2000) · cites this paper as [8]
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“A Simplified Bilaterian Phylogeny adapted from ( Adoutte et al., 2000).”
BackgroundInfluentialThe Nemertodermatida are basal bilaterians and not members of the Platyhelminthes
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“However, recent phylogenetic analysis mation restarts similar to normal growth (see the Experi[9–10] dismissed the Articulata and thus challenged mental Procedures).”
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“In fact, Deuterosto-mia sensu stricto (echinoderms, hemichordates and chordates) have long been considered as one of the most reliable phylogenetic groupings in the animal phylogeny (Adoutte et al. 2000).”
Self-citationLarge-scale sequencing and the new animal phylogeny
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BMP signaling regulates the dorsal planarian midline and is needed for asymmetric regeneration
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“One or more clusters of hox genes is a trait that is uniquely shared across bilaterian genomes investigated to date (Adoutte et al, 2000; Balavoine et al, 2002).”
BackgroundTelford, M. J. (2005) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/molbev/msi099 · Cited by 175
Chordate evolution and the three-phylum system
Satoh, N., Rokhsar, D. S., & Nishikawa, T. (2014) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2014.1729 · Cited by 175
Philip, G. K., Creevey, C. J., & McInerney, J. O. (2005) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/molbev/msi102 · Cited by 169
Precambrian Animal Life: Probable Developmental and Adult Cnidarian Forms from Southwest China
Chen, J.-Y., Oliveri, P., Gao, F., Dornbos, S. Q., Li, C.-W., Bottjer, D. J., & Davidson, E. H. (2002) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1006/dbio.2002.0714 · Cited by 165
“The Bilateria thus derive from a common ancestor, a point repeatedly substantiated in current molecular phylogenies (reviewed in Adoutte et al., 2000; Peterson and Eernisse, 2001).”
BackgroundMetamorphic Competence, a Major Adaptive Convergence in Marine Invertebrate Larvae
Hadfield, M. G. ., Carpizo‐Ituarte, E., del Carmen, K. A., & Nedved, B. T. (2001) · American Zoologist · doi:10.1093/icb/41.5.1123 · Cited by 166
Common design in a unique midline neuropil in the brains of arthropods
Loesel, R., Nässel, D. R., & Strausfeld, N. J. (2002) · Arthropod Structure & Development · doi:10.1016/s1467-8039(02)00017-8 · Cited by 165
Evolution of centralized nervous systems: Two schools of evolutionary thought
Northcutt, R. G. (2012) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1201889109 · Cited by 141
Lichtneckert, R., & Reichert, H. (2005) · Heredity · doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800664 · Cited by 153
“Bilaterian phyla are grouped into major cladistic classifications indicated at the right side (modified after Adoutte et al, 2000).”
BackgroundTelford, M. J., Lockyer, A. E., Cartwright–Finch, C., & Littlewood, D. T. J. (2003) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2003.2342 · Cited by 151
Brachyury, the blastopore and the evolution of the mesoderm
Technau, U. (2001) · BioEssays · doi:10.1002/bies.1114 · Cited by 148
Acoel Flatworms Are Not Platyhelminthes: Evidence from Phylogenomics
Philippe, H., Brinkmann, H., Martı́nez, P., Riutort, M., & Baguñà, J. (2007) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000717 · Cited by 148
“In particular, acoelomorphs are often considered as secondarily simplified organisms [11,12], potentially explaining their fast evolutionary rate.”
BackgroundPoriferan mtDNA and Animal Phylogeny Based on Mitochondrial Gene Arrangements
Lavrov, D. V., & Lang, B. F. (2005) · Systematic Biology · doi:10.1080/10635150500221044 · Cited by 147
“Adoutte et al. (2000) have aptly compared phylogenetics to cosmology, where experimental testing of hypotheses is impossible, and where confidence in the inference depends on the congruence between results obtained from independent data sets.”
Backgroundde Peer, Y. V., Baldauf, S. L., Doolittle, W. F., & Meyer, A. (2000) · Journal of Molecular Evolution · doi:10.1007/s002390010120 · Cited by 148
“3), as well as an emerging overall consensus regarding most relationships between and within major animal taxa (Adoutte et al. 1999, 2000).”
BackgroundHox clusters and bilaterian phylogeny
Balavoine, G., de Rosa, R., & Adoutte, A. (2002) · Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution · doi:10.1016/s1055-7903(02)00237-3 · Cited by 146
Self-citationThe phylogenetic position of the comb jellies (Ctenophora) and the importance of taxonomic sampling
Wållberg, A., Thollesson, M., Farris, J. S., & Jondelius, U. (2004) · Cladistics · doi:10.1111/j.1096-0031.2004.00041.x · Cited by 142
“While SSU is widely used in high-level metazoan phylogenetics, it has been suggested to evolve at too slow a rate (Balavoine and Adoutte, 1998; Adoutte et al., 2000) or too high or heterogeneously (Abouheif et al.”
BackgroundNew sites of Chengjiang fossils: crucial windows on the Cambrian explosion
Zhang, X., Shu, D., Li, Y., & Han, J. (2001) · Journal of the Geological Society · doi:10.1144/jgs.158.2.211 · Cited by 139
Triggers for the Cambrian explosion: Hypotheses and problems
Zhang, X., Shu, D., Han, J., Zhang, Z., Liu, J., & Fu, D. (2014) · Gondwana Research · doi:10.1016/j.gr.2013.06.001 · Cited by 140
Paps, J., Baguñà, J., & Riutort, M. (2009) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2008.1574 · Cited by 138
“Despite these shortcomings, a consensus tree of the Bilateria has been portrayed by various authors (Adoutte et al. 2000; Halanych & Passamaneck 2001; Giribet 2002; Balavoine & Adoutte 2003; Halanych 2004; Telford 2006).”
BackgroundChaetognath phylogenomics: a protostome with deuterostome-like development
Marlétaz, F., Martin, E., Perez, Y., Papillon, D., Caubit, X., Lowe, C. J., Freeman, B., Fasano, L., Dossat, C., Wincker, P., et al. (2006) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2006.07.016 · Cited by 138
Bely, A. E., & Wray, G. A. (2001) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.128.14.2781 · Cited by 135
Papillon, D., Perez, Y., Caubit, X., & Parco, Y. L. (2004) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/molbev/msh229 · Cited by 137
caudal and even‐skipped in the annelid Platynereis dumerilii and the ancestry of posterior growth
de Rosa, R., Prud’homme, B., & Balavoine, G. (2005) · Evolution & Development · doi:10.1111/j.1525-142x.2005.05061.x · Cited by 135
“…et al. 1995; Aguinaldo et al. 1997) as well as a number of other molecules including Hox gene sequences (de Rosa et al. 1999), it now appears that triploblastic animals (or bilaterians as they are now usually called) constitute an indisputable monophyletic group (reviewed in Adoutte et al. 2000).”
BackgroundSelf-citationThe Segmented Urbilateria: A Testable Scenario
Balavoine, G. (2003) · Integrative and Comparative Biology · doi:10.1093/icb/43.1.137 · Cited by 131
Self-citationDevelopmental Signaling in Hydra: What Does It Take to Build a “Simple” Animal?
Steele, R. E. (2002) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1006/dbio.2002.0744 · Cited by 129
Nematoda: Genes, Genomes and the Evolution of Parasitism
Blaxter, M. (2003) · Advances in Parasitology/Advances in parasitology · doi:10.1016/s0065-308x(03)54003-9 · Cited by 131
Zrzavý, J., Hypša, V., & Tietz, D. F. (2001) · Cladistics · doi:10.1006/clad.2000.0148 · Cited by 127
Characterization of a C3-like cDNA in a coral: phylogenetic implications
Dishaw, L. J., Smith, S. L., & Bigger, C. H. (2005) · Immunogenetics · doi:10.1007/s00251-005-0005-1 · Cited by 127
“1b), which include most extant organisms today (Adoutte et al. 2000).”
BackgroundTautz, D. (2004) · Developmental Cell · doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2004.08.008 · Cited by 129
Gastrotricha and metazoan phylogeny
Zrzavý, J. (2002) · Zoologica Scripta · doi:10.1046/j.1463-6409.2003.00104.x · Cited by 123
“108 Ecdysozoan’ complement of Hox genes (Abdominal-B and Ultrabithorax) (de Rosa et al. 1999; Adoutte et al. 2000; Peterson & Eernisse 2001).”
BackgroundParallel evolution of segmentation by co‐option of ancestral gene regulatory networks
Chipman, A. D. (2009) · BioEssays · doi:10.1002/bies.200900130 · Cited by 122
“Since these three phyla belong to three separate major subdivisions of the animal kingdom,((5)) a common origin for the segmentation process in these phyla would mean that the last common ancestor of all extant bilaterian animals, the so-called ‘‘Urbilateria,’’ was a segmented animal.”
BackgroundOn the evolution of bilaterality
Genikhovich, G., & Technau, U. (2017) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.141507 · Cited by 118
The origin and evolution of the nervous system
Ghysen, A. (2003) · The International Journal of Developmental Biology · doi:10.1387/ijdb.14756331 · Cited by 122
“…conventional separation between acoelomates, pseudocoelomates and coelomates being replaced by a subdivision that separates ecdysozoans (including nematodes and arthropods) and lophotrochozoans (including annelids, molluscs and platyhelminths) (Aguinaldo et al., 1997; rev. in Adoutte et al., 2000).”
BackgroundEvolutionary aspects of octopaminergic systems with emphasis on arthropods
Pflüger, H., & Stevenson, P. A. (2005) · Arthropod Structure & Development · doi:10.1016/j.asd.2005.04.004 · Cited by 123
Zrzavý, J. (2001) · Folia Parasitologica · doi:10.14411/fp.2001.013 · Cited by 120
“…the Ecdysozoa) are supported also by analyses of the complete mitochondrial genomes (Stechmann and Schlegel 1999), Hox genes (de Rosa et al. 1999, Adoutte et al. 2000), elongation factor-1α (McHugh 1997, Berney et al. 2000) and β-thymosin gene sequences (Manuel et al. 2000), as well as by…”
BackgroundTasiemski, A., Vandenbulcke, F., Mitta, G., Lemoine, J., Lefebvre, C., Sautière, P. E., & Salzet, M. (2004) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m312156200 · Cited by 118
Metadata
- Authors
- Adoutte, A., Balavoine, G., Lartillot, N., Lespinet, O., Prud'homme, B., & de Rosa, R.
- Affiliations
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Centre de Génétique Moléculaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Bâtiment 26, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2000-04-25
- Volume
- 97
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 4453-4456
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC34321
- OpenAlex
- W2162160001
- Cited by
- 512
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 7.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Marine Invertebrate Physiology and Ecology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Protist diversity and phylogeny
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Keywords
- animal phylogeny, DNA sequence analysis, evolutionary intermediates, taxonomic reclassification
- MeSH terms
- Animals, DNA, Biological Evolution, Genes, Homeobox, Invertebrates, Molecular Biology, Phylogeny, Vertebrates, Reproducibility of Results, Evolution, Molecular
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