Quantitative assessment of Hox complex expression in the indirect development of the polychaete annelid Chaetopterus sp.
Open accessAbstract
A prediction from the set-aside theory of bilaterian origins is that pattern formation processes such as those controlled by the Hox cluster genes are required specifically for adult body plan formation. This prediction can be tested in animals that use maximal indirect development, in which the embryonic formation of the larva and the postembryonic formation of the adult body plan are temporally and spatially distinct. To this end, we quantitatively measured the amount of transcripts for five Hox genes in embryos of a lophotrochozoan, the polychaete annelid Chaetopterus sp. The polychaete Hox complex is shown not to be expressed during embryogenesis, but transcripts of all measured Hox complex genes are detected at significant levels during the initial stages of adult body plan formation. Temporal colinearity in the sequence of their activation is observed, so that activation follows the 3'-5' arrangement of the genes. Moreover, Hox gene expression is spatially localized to the region of teloblastic set-aside cells of the later-stage embryos. This study shows that an indirectly developing lophotrochozoan shares with an indirectly developing deuterostome, the sea urchin, a common mode of Hox complex utilization: construction of the larva, whether a trochophore or dipleurula, does not involve Hox cluster expression, but in both forms the complex is expressed in the set-aside cells from which the adult body plan derives.
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Microfaunal bilaterian stem groups must have evolved through several stages of regulatory complexity during Precambrian time.
“arguments based on regulatory evolution lead to the proposition that microfaunal bilaterian stem groups must have evolved through several stages of regulatory complexity during Precambrian time (17, 18).”
From Precambrian animal diversity: Putative phosphatized embryos from the Doushantuo Formation of China (2000) · cites this paper as [18]
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- Authors
- Peterson, K. J., Irvine, S. Q., Cameron, R. A., & Davidson, E. H.
- Affiliations
- California Institute of Technology (US)
- Corresponding author
- Davidson, Eric H.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2000-04-25
- Volume
- 97
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 4487-4492
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC18261
- OpenAlex
- W1989717344
- Cited by
- 47
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 1.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Marine Invertebrate Physiology and Ecology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Planarian Biology and Electrostimulation
- Keywords
- Hox genes, indirect development, Chaetopterus, Polychaeta, bilaterian origin, body plan formation, gene colinearity, embryonic development, lophotrochozoans, larval development, trochophore
- MeSH terms
- Brachyury Protein, Animals, Embryo, Nonmammalian, Biological Evolution, Female, Fetal Proteins, Genes, Homeobox, Multigene Family, Male, Molecular Sequence Data, Oocytes, Polychaeta, Spermatozoa, Transcription, Genetic, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Evolution, Molecular, T-Box Domain Proteins
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