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The Changes in Adenine Nucleotides Measured in Glucose-stimulated Rodent Islets Occur in β Cells but Not in α Cells and Are Also Observed in Human Islets
Open accessAbstract
Glucose metabolism by pancreatic beta and alpha cells is essential for stimulation of insulin secretion and inhibition of glucagon secretion. Studies using rodent islets have suggested that the ATP/ADP ratio serves as second messenger in beta cells. This study compared the effects of glucose on glucose oxidation ([U-14C]glucose) and adenine nucleotides (luminometric method) in purified rat alpha and beta cells. The rate of glucose oxidation at 1 mM glucose was higher in beta than alpha cells (4.5-fold, i.e. approximately 2-fold after normalization for cell size). It was more strongly stimulated by 10 mM glucose in beta cells (9-fold) than in alpha cells (5-fold). At 1 mM glucose, ATP levels were similar in both cell types, which corresponds to an approximately 2-fold higher concentration in alpha cells ( approximately 6.5 mM) than in beta cells ( approximately 3 mM). In beta cells, glucose dose-dependently increased ATP and decreased ADP levels, causing a rise in the ATP/ADP ratio from 2.4 to 11.6 at 1 and 10 mM, respectively. In alpha cells, glucose did not affect ATP and ADP levels, and the ATP/ADP ratio remained stable around 7.5. In human islets, the ATP/ADP ratio progressively increased between 1 and 10 mM glucose. In duct cells, which often contaminate human islet preparations, an increase in the ATP/ADP ratio sometimes occurred between 1 and 3 mM glucose. In conclusion, the present observations establish that the regulation of glucagon secretion by glucose does not involve changes in alpha cell adenine nucleotides and further support the role of the ATP/ADP ratio in the control of insulin secretion.
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“These values are in broad agreement with biochemical measurements of [ATP]i in purified rat β-cells which suggest ATP is ~2 mM under basal conditions and rises to 4 mM when glucose is increased to 10 mM (142) (see v).”
From Pancreatic β-Cell Electrical Activity and Insulin Secretion: Of Mice and Men (2018) · cites this paper as [142]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Detimary, P., Dejonghe, S., Ling, Z., Pipeleers, D., Schuit, F., & Henquin, J.-C.
- Affiliations
- UCLouvain (BE)
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (BE)
- Corresponding author
- Henquin, Jean-Claude
- Venue
- Journal of Biological Chemistry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1998-12
- Volume
- 273
- Issue
- 51
- Pages
- 33905-33908
- ISSN
- 0021-9258 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2023149007
- Cited by
- 159
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 4.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Biological Chemistry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DIAL (Catholic University of Leuven) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles
- Vlaamse regering
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Keywords
- adenine nucleotides, ATP/ADP ratio, pancreatic beta cells, alpha cells, glucose oxidation, insulin secretion, glucagon secretion, second messengers, human islets, duct cells
- MeSH terms
- Adenosine Diphosphate, Adenosine Triphosphate, Adult, Animals, Cells, Cultured, Glucose, Glycolysis, Humans, Islets of Langerhans, Kinetics, Male, Middle Aged, Species Specificity, Rats, Wistar, Rats
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