Cited by 188Empathy and Medical EducationMedia Influence and HealthNarrative Theory and Analysis

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

Reading other minds: Effects of literature on empathy

Djikic, Maja, Oatley, Keith, Moldoveanu, Mihnea C.·2013·Scientific Study of Literature

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The potential of literature to increase empathy was investigated in an experiment. Participants (N = 100, 69 women) completed a package of questionnaires that measured lifelong exposure to fiction and nonfiction, personality traits, and affective and cognitive empathy. They read either an essay or a short story that were equivalent in length and complexity, were tested again for cognitive and affective empathy, and were finally given a non-self-report measure of empathy. Participants who read a short story who were also low in Openness experienced significant increases in self-reported cognitive empathy (p .05). No increases in affective empathy were found. Participants who were frequent fiction-readers had higher scores on the non-self-report measure of empathy. Our results suggest a role for fictional literature in facilitating development of empathy.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1075/ssol.3.1.06dji

Cites

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Still being checked.

Sorted by citations

Reading literary fiction improves theory of mind
Kidd, D. C., & Castano, E. (2013) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1239918 · Cited by 1,642
Fiction: Simulation of Social Worlds
Oatley, K. (2016) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2016.06.002 · Cited by 461
Self-citation
Cognitive approaches to emotions
Oatley, K., & Johnson-Laird, P. N. (2014) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2013.12.004 · Cited by 317
Self-citation
Does reading a single passage of literary fiction really improve theory of mind? An attempt at replication.
Panero, M. E., Weisberg, D. S., Black, J., Goldstein, T. R., Barnes, J. L., Brownell, H., & Winner, E. (2016) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/pspa0000064 · Cited by 289
Leisure reading and social cognition: A meta-analysis.
Mumper, M. L., & Gerrig, R. J. (2017) · Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts · doi:10.1037/aca0000089 · Cited by 249
Fiction reading has a small positive impact on social cognition: A meta-analysis.
Dodell-Feder, D., & Tamir, D. I. (2018) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: General · doi:10.1037/xge0000395 · Cited by 223
Reading fiction and reading minds: the role of simulation in the default network
Tamir, D. I., Bricker, A. B., Dodell-Feder, D., & Mitchell, J. P. (2016) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsv114 · Cited by 212
Empathic reactions after reading: The role of genre, personal factors and affective responses
Koopman, E. M. (. (2015) · Poetics · doi:10.1016/j.poetic.2015.02.008 · Cited by 154
Does a single session of reading literary fiction prime enhanced mentalising performance? Four replication experiments of Kidd and Castano (2013)
Samur, D., Tops, M., & Koole, S. L. (2018) · Cognition and Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699931.2017.1279591 · Cited by 142
A chapter a day: Association of book reading with longevity
Bavishi, A. A., Slade, M. D., & Levy, B. R. (2016) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.07.014 · Cited by 157
The Use of “Literary Fiction” to Promote Mentalizing Ability
Pino, M. C., & Mazza, M. (2016) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0160254 · Cited by 123
“’s [50] and Bal and Veltkamp’ s [47] results, in our study the fiction group showed significant differences compared to the other two groups in the performance-based measures.”
Result
The art in fiction: From indirect communication to changes of the self.
Djikic, M., & Oatley, K. (2014) · Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts · doi:10.1037/a0037999 · Cited by 114
Self-citation
Stories and the Promotion of Social Cognition
Mar, R. A. (2018) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0963721417749654 · Cited by 112
Fiction and social cognition: The effect of viewing award-winning television dramas on theory of mind.
Black, J. E., & Barnes, J. (2015) · Psychology of Aesthetics Creativity and the Arts · doi:10.1037/aca0000031 · Cited by 102
The effects of reading material on social and non-social cognition
Black, J. E., & Barnes, J. L. (2015) · Poetics · doi:10.1016/j.poetic.2015.07.001 · Cited by 101
Storytelling increases oxytocin and positive emotions and decreases cortisol and pain in hospitalized children
Brockington, G., Moreira, A. P. G., Buso, M. S. D. L., da Silva, S. G., Altszyler, E., Fischer, R. D., & Moll, J. (2021) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2018409118 · Cited by 125
Empathy Toward Artificial Intelligence Versus Human Experiences and the Role of Transparency in Mental Health and Social Support Chatbot Design: Comparative Study
Shen, J., DiPaola, D., Ali, S., Sap, M., Park, H. W., & Breazeal, C. (2024) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/62679 · Cited by 92
The Role of Home Literacy Environment, Mentalizing, Expressive Verbal Ability, and Print Exposure in Third and Fourth Graders’ Reading Comprehension
Boerma, I. E., Mol, S. E., & Jolles, J. (2017) · Scientific Studies of Reading · doi:10.1080/10888438.2016.1277727 · Cited by 91
Preschoolers' moral judgments of environmental harm and the influence of perspective taking
Hahn, E. R., & Garrett, M. K. (2017) · Journal of Environmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2017.05.004 · Cited by 91
Medical Humanities Coursework Is Associated with Greater Measured Empathy in Medical Students
Graham, J., Benson, L. M., Swanson, J., Potyk, D. K., Daratha, K. B., & Roberts, K. (2016) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2016.08.005 · Cited by 90
Personal Relevance in Story Reading
Kuzmičová, A., & Bálint, K. (2019) · Poetics Today · doi:10.1215/03335372-7558066 · Cited by 69
Uncharted features and dynamics of reading: Voices, characters, and crossing of experiences
Alderson‐Day, B., Bernini, M., & Fernyhough, C. (2017) · Consciousness and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.concog.2017.01.003 · Cited by 69
Effects of exposure to literary narrative fiction
Mulder, H. N. M. D., Hakemulder, F., van den Berghe, R., Klaassen, F., & Berkum, J. J. A. V. (2017) · Scientific Study of Literature · doi:10.1075/ssol.7.1.06dem · Cited by 59
Psychology of Narrative Art
Oatley, K., & Djikic, M. (2017) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/gpr0000113 · Cited by 60
Self-citation
Reading minds and reading texts: Evidence for independent and specific associations
Lecce, S., Bianco, F., & Hughes, C. (2021) · Cognitive Development · doi:10.1016/j.cogdev.2021.101010 · Cited by 58
Literature and readers’ empathy: A qualitative text manipulation study
Kuzmičová, A., Mangen, A., Støle, H., & Begnum, A. C. (2017) · Language and Literature International Journal of Stylistics · doi:10.1177/0963947017704729 · Cited by 52
Absorption in narrative fiction and its possible impact on social abilities
Calarco, N., Fong, K., Rain, M., & Mar, R. A. (2017) · Linguistic Approaches to Literature · doi:10.1075/lal.27.15cal · Cited by 47
What is it Like to be a Child? Childness in the Age of Neuroscience
Nikolajeva, M. (2018) · Children s Literature in Education · doi:10.1007/s10583-018-9373-7 · Cited by 48
Empathy at the confluence of neuroscience and empirical literary studies
Burke, M., Kuzmicova, A., Mangen, A., & Schilhab, T. (2016) · Scientific Study of Literature · doi:10.1075/ssol.6.1.03bur · Cited by 44
Reading Fictional Narratives to Improve Social and Moral Cognition: The Influence of Narrative Perspective, Transportation, and Identification
Wimmer, L., Friend, S., Currie, G., & Ferguson, H. J. (2021) · Frontiers in Communication · doi:10.3389/fcomm.2020.611935 · Cited by 52
Longitudinal associations between reading for pleasure and child maladjustment: Results from a propensity score matching analysis
Mak, H. W., & Fancourt, D. (2020) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.112971 · Cited by 51
Beyond the Story Map
McTigue, E. M., Douglass, A. G., Wright, K. L., Hodges, T. S., & Franks, A. D. (2015) · The Reading Teacher · doi:10.1002/trtr.1377 · Cited by 41
Reading about minds: The social-cognitive potential of narratives
Eekhof, L. S., van Krieken, K., & Willems, R. M. (2022) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-022-02079-z · Cited by 39
An IRT Analysis of the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test
Black, J. E. (2018) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1080/00223891.2018.1447946 · Cited by 44
Self-in-Self, Mind-in-Mind, Heart-in-Heart: The Future of Role-Taking, Perspective Taking, and Empathy
Davis, J. L., & Love, T. P. (2017) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/s0882-614520170000034007 · Cited by 37
m-Reading: Fiction reading from mobile phones
Kuzmičová, A., Schilhab, T. S. S., & Burke, M. (2018) · Convergence The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies · doi:10.1177/1354856518770987 · Cited by 35
The Effect of Fiction on the Well-Being of Older Adults: A Longitudinal RCT Intervention Study Using Audiobooks
Poerio, G. L., & Totterdell, P. (2019) · Psychosocial Intervention · doi:10.5093/pi2019a16 · Cited by 40
The genre effect
Gavaler, C., & Johnson, D. R. (2017) · Scientific Study of Literature · doi:10.1075/ssol.7.1.04gav · Cited by 40
The Association Between Reading and Emotional Development: A Systematic Review
Batini, F., Luperini, V., Cei, E., Izzo, D., & Toti, G. (2020) · Journal of Education and Training Studies · doi:10.11114/jets.v9i1.5053 · Cited by 52
Soundtrack to the social world: Emotional music enhances empathy, compassion, and prosocial decisions but not theory of mind.
McDonald, B., Böckler, A., & Kanske, P. (2022) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/emo0001036 · Cited by 44
Transacting With Characters: Teaching Children Perspective Taking With Authentic Literature
Hodges, T. S., McTigue, E. M., Wright, K. L., Franks, A. D., & Matthews, S. D. (2018) · Journal of Research in Childhood Education · doi:10.1080/02568543.2018.1464529 · Cited by 32
The Science of Free-Indirect Discourse: An Alternate Cognitive Effect
Fletcher, A., & Monterosso, J. R. (2016) · Narrative · doi:10.1353/nar.2016.0004 · Cited by 31
Exploring the Relationship Between Fiction Reading and Emotion Recognition
Schwering, S. C., Ghaffari-Nikou, N. M., Zhao, F., Niedenthal, P. M., & MacDonald, M. C. (2021) · Affective Science · doi:10.1007/s42761-021-00034-0 · Cited by 37
Reading for pleasure in childhood and adolescent healthy behaviours: Longitudinal associations using the Millennium Cohort Study
Mak, H. W., & Fancourt, D. (2020) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105889 · Cited by 43
Testing the validity of a self-report scale, author recognition test, and book counting as measures of lifetime exposure to print fiction
Wimmer, L., & Ferguson, H. J. (2022) · Behavior Research Methods · doi:10.3758/s13428-021-01784-2 · Cited by 28
Universal stories: How narratives satisfy core motives
Costabile, K. A., Shedlosky-Shoemaker, R. A., & Austin, A. B. (2018) · Self and Identity · doi:10.1080/15298868.2017.1413008 · Cited by 27
Reading Fiction and Psychological Well‐being During Older Adulthood: Positive Affect, Connection and Personal Growth
Currie, N. K., Wilkinson, K., & McGeown, S. P. (2025) · Reading Research Quarterly · doi:10.1002/rrq.605 · Cited by 30
Does Originality Evoke Understanding? The Relation between Literary Reading and Empathy
Koopman, E. M. (2017) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/gpr0000107 · Cited by 30
When narrative takes over: The representation of embedded mindstates in Shakespeare’s Othello
van Duijn, M. J., Sluiter, I., & Verhagen, A. (2015) · Language and Literature International Journal of Stylistics · doi:10.1177/0963947015572274 · Cited by 24
Deeper engagement with live theater increases middle school students’ empathy and social perspective taking
Troxler, J. R., Goldstein, T. R., Holochwost, S. J., Beekman, C. R., McKeel, S., & Shami, M. (2022) · Applied Developmental Science · doi:10.1080/10888691.2022.2096610 · Cited by 30
The relationship between lifetime book reading and empathy in adolescents: Examining transportability as a moderator.
Lenhart, J., Dangel, J., & Richter, T. (2022) · Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts · doi:10.1037/aca0000341 · Cited by 22
How Does Literature Affect Empathy in Students?
Junker, C. R., & Jacquemin, S. J. (2017) · College Teaching · doi:10.1080/87567555.2016.1255583 · Cited by 22
Advancing book clubs as non-formal learning to facilitate critical public pedagogy in organizations
Grenier, R. S., Callahan, J. L., Kaeppel, K., & Elliott, C. J. (2021) · Management Learning · doi:10.1177/13505076211029823 · Cited by 22
Different fiction genres take children’s memories to different places
Kuzmičová, A., & Cremin, T. (2022) · Cambridge Journal of Education · doi:10.1080/0305764x.2021.1937523 · Cited by 22
The literary genre effect
Gavaler, C., & Johnson, D. R. (2019) · Scientific Study of Literature · doi:10.1075/ssol.19010.joh · Cited by 21
The Epistemic Value of Speculative Fiction
Smedt, J. D., & Cruz, H. D. (2015) · Midwest Studies in Philosophy · doi:10.1111/misp.12035 · Cited by 21
How Does Leisure Reading Affect Social Cognitive Abilities?
Mumper, M. L., & Gerrig, R. J. (2019) · Poetics Today · doi:10.1215/03335372-7558080 · Cited by 25
Lab Reports and Horror Stories: Leveraging Chemistry Majors’ Writing Interests for Student Engagement and Retention
Nicholes, J. (2021) · Journal for Learning through the Arts A Research Journal on Arts Integration in Schools and Communities · doi:10.21977/d916140988 · Cited by 22
The impact of narratives and transportation on empathic responding
Walkington, Z., Wigman, S. A., & Bowles, D. (2019) · Poetics · doi:10.1016/j.poetic.2019.101425 · Cited by 30
A sensemaking system for grouping and suggesting stories from multiple affective viewpoints in museums
Lieto, A., Striani, M., Cristina Gena, A., Dolza, E., Marras, A. M., Pozzato, G. L., & Damiano, R. (2023) · Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/07370024.2023.2242355 · Cited by 28
Using Literature to Confront the Stigma of Mental Illness, Teach Empathy, and Break Stereotypes
Richmond, K. J. (2014) · Language arts journal of Michigan · doi:10.9707/2168-149x.2038 · Cited by 20
An investigation of the impact of encounters with artistic imagination on well-being.
Totterdell, P., & Poerio, G. L. (2020) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/emo0000779 · Cited by 19
Reading Minds, Reading Stories: Social-Cognitive Abilities Affect the Linguistic Processing of Narrative Viewpoint
Eekhof, L. S., van Krieken, K., Sanders, J., & Willems, R. M. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.698986 · Cited by 29
Alexithymia predicts lower reading frequency: The mediating roles of mentalising ability and reading attitude
Samur, D., Luminet, O., & Koole, S. L. (2017) · Poetics · doi:10.1016/j.poetic.2017.09.002 · Cited by 18
The Key Practice, Building and Sharing Stories and Social Understandings: The Intrinsic Value of Narrative
Deane, P., Somasundaran, S., Lawless, R. R., Persky, H., & Appel, C. (2019) · ETS Research Report Series · doi:10.1002/ets2.12266 · Cited by 21
Empathy & Literature
Denham, A. E. (2024) · Emotion Review · doi:10.1177/17540739241233601 · Cited by 16
The effects of reading narrative fiction on social and moral cognition
Wimmer, L., Currie, G., Friend, S., & Ferguson, H. J. (2021) · Scientific Study of Literature · doi:10.1075/ssol.21010.wim · Cited by 16
‘Never mind the bullocks’: animating the go-along interview through creative nonfiction
Bell, S., & Bush, T. N. (2020) · Mobilities · doi:10.1080/17450101.2020.1817685 · Cited by 20
Ikke-læsning som «problem» i dansk kulturpolitik - En analyse af læsekampagnen Danmark Læser
Kann-Rasmussen, N., & Balling, G. (2015) · Nordisk kulturpolitisk tidskrift · doi:10.18261/issn2000-8325-2015-02-08 · Cited by 15
Worlds of the possible
Oatley, K. (2013) · Pragmatics & Cognition · doi:10.1075/pc.21.3.02oat · Cited by 14
Self-citation
History, literature, and philosophy: A systematic review of positive functioning
Vaziri, H., Tay, L., Keith, M. G., & Pawelski, J. O. (2018) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760.2018.1545041 · Cited by 16
Young Children’s Theory of Mind: Home Literacy Environment, Technology Usage, and Preschool Education
Altun, D. (2019) · Journal of Education and Training Studies · doi:10.11114/jets.v7i3.4057 · Cited by 13
Exposure to serial audiovisual narratives increases empathy via vicarious interactions
Rohm, S., Hopp, F. R., & Smit, E. G. (2021) · Media Psychology · doi:10.1080/15213269.2021.1879654 · Cited by 16
Collaborative writing with young people with disabilities: raising new questions of authorship and agency
Satchwell, C. (2018) · Literacy · doi:10.1111/lit.12146 · Cited by 13
Reading for life-long health
Shulman, K. S., Baicker, K., & Mayes, L. C. (2024) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2024.1401739 · Cited by 12
Better Feedback from Nicer People
Wu, Y., & Bailey, B. P. (2021) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3432935 · Cited by 13
Fantasy Component of Interpersonal Reactivity is Associated with Empathic Accuracy: Findings from Behavioral Experiments with Implications for Applied Settings
Namba, S., Kabir, R. S., Matsuda, K., Noguchi, Y., Kambara, K., Kobayashi, R., Shigematsu, J., Miyatani, M., & Nakao, T. (2021) · Reading Psychology · doi:10.1080/02702711.2021.1939823 · Cited by 11
Himpathy, Herasure, and Down Girl Moves: A Critical Content Analysis of Sexual Assault in Young Adult Literature
Miller, H. “., Boehm, S. M., Colantonio-Yurko, K., & Adams, B. (2022) · Journal of Literacy Research · doi:10.1177/1086296x221116856 · Cited by 11
Empathy or Empathies? Uncertainties in the Interdisciplinary Discussion
Pinotti, A., & Salgaro, M. (2019) · Gestalt theory · doi:10.2478/gth-2019-0015 · Cited by 14
How Does Reading Fiction Support Adolescents’ Wellbeing? A Qualitative Study Examining Positive Affect, Connection and Personal Growth
Currie, N., Webber, C., Wilkinson, K., Clark, C., Moss, G., & McGeown, S. (2025) · Reading Psychology · doi:10.1080/02702711.2025.2504974 · Cited by 12
“In addition to fiction providing a means of better understanding themselves, adolescents also recognized the potential of fiction reading for developing empathy and helping them to understand others (Djikic et al., 2013; Eekhof et al., 2022; Vezzali et al., 2015).”
Emotional and motivational aspects of digital reading
Kaakinen, J. K., Papp-Zipernovszky, O., Werlen, E., Castells, N., Bergamin, P. B., Thierry Baccino, B., & Jacobs, A. M. (2018) · Studies in written language and literacy · doi:10.1075/swll.17.06kaa · Cited by 12
Why Does Frank Underwood Look at Us? Contemporary Heroes Suggest the Need of a Turn in the Conceptualization of Fictional Empathy
Salgaro, M., & Tourhout, B. V. (2018) · Journal of Literary Theory · doi:10.1515/jlt-2018-0019 · Cited by 12
Learning Medicine With, From, and Through the Humanities
Chiavaroli, N. G., Huang, C., & Monrouxe, L. V. (2018) · doi:10.1002/9781119373780.ch16 · Cited by 10
The effect of reading literary fiction on the theory of mind skills among persons with schizophrenia and normal controls
Fekete, J., Pótó, Z., Varga, E., Hebling, D., Herold, M., Albert, N., Pethő, B., Tényi, T., & Herold, R. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1197677 · Cited by 11
Notice of Removal October 9, 2026: Social Life Simulation for Non-Cognitive Skills Learning
Yan, Z., & Xiang, Y. (2025) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3711068 · Cited by 17
Empathy and literary style
Mangen, A., Begnum, A. C., Kuzmičová, A., Nilsson, K., Steenberg, M., & Støle, H. (2018) · Orbis Litterarum · doi:10.1111/oli.12193 · Cited by 9
Perceptual relevance and art: Some tentative suggestions
Kolaiti, P. (2020) · Journal of Literary Semantics · doi:10.1515/jls-2020-2022 · Cited by 9
Why Martha Nussbaum is Right: The Empirical Case for the Value of Reading and Teaching Fiction
Duncan, C., Bess-Montgomery, G., & Osinubi, V. (2017) · Interdisciplinary Literary Studies · doi:10.5325/intelitestud.19.2.0242 · Cited by 10
Reading Books and Reading Minds: Differential Effects of Wonder and The Crossover on Empathy and Theory of Mind
Guarisco, M. S., Brooks, C., & Freeman, L. M. (2017) · Study and Scrutiny: Research on Young Adult Literature · doi:10.15763/issn.2376-5275.2017.3.1.24-54 · Cited by 8
The Study of Security Priming on Avoidant Attentional Biases: Combining Microsaccadic Eye-Movement Measurement With a Dot-Probe Task
Mellor, R. L., & Psouni, E. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.726817 · Cited by 9
Fact or fiction?: Clarifying the relationship between reading and the improvement of social skills
Chlebuch, N., Goldstein, T. R., & Weisberg, D. S. (2020) · Scientific Study of Literature · doi:10.1075/ssol.20007.chl · Cited by 8
The Wonder of Empathy: Using Palacio’s Novel to Teach Perspective Taking
Guarisco, M., & Freeman, L. (2015) · The ALAN Review · doi:10.21061/alan.v43i1.a.6 · Cited by 8
La educación literaria en educación infantil: leer antes de leer
Mínguez-López, X. (2023) · Enunciación · doi:10.14483/22486798.20508 · Cited by 8
Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Kitap Okumaya Yönelik İlgi ve Tercihlerinin İncelenmesi
ALKAN, Y., & DURUKOĞLU, S. (2024) · Ana Dili Eğitimi Dergisi · doi:10.16916/aded.1351132 · Cited by 7
In the eye of the recipient
Riese, K., Bayer, M., Lauer, G., & Schacht, A. (2014) · Scientific Study of Literature · doi:10.1075/ssol.4.2.05rie · Cited by 9
PROTOCOL: Recreational book reading for promoting cognitive functioning and emotional well‐being in older adults: A systematic review
Laermans, J., Scheers, H., Vandekerckhove, P. G., & Buck, E. D. J. D. (2020) · Campbell Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/cl2.1117 · Cited by 6
An intricate dance of intersubjectivity
Gustafsson, A. W., Johnsson, P., Järvholm, K., Bernhardsson, K., Forslid, T., & Ohlsson, A. (2022) · Scientific Study of Literature · doi:10.1075/ssol.22010.gus · Cited by 6
The Engaged Spectator: Reading BL Novels in Contemporary China
Lin, X. (2019) · Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences · doi:10.1007/s40647-019-00270-6 · Cited by 6
Darwin and the Situation of Emotion Research
Gross, D. M., & Preston, S. D. (2020) · Emotion Review · doi:10.1177/1754073920930802 · Cited by 6
Theory, design, and teacher experience in a literature-focused professional development
Levine, S. R., & Trepper, K. (2019) · L1 Educational Studies in Language and Literature · doi:10.17239/l1esll-2019.19.04.05 · Cited by 7

Authors: Djikic, M., Oatley, K., & Moldoveanu, M. C.
Affiliations: University of Toronto (CA)
ORCID: Oatley, Keith
Moldoveanu, Mihnea C.
Venue: Scientific Study of Literature
Publisher: International Society for the Empirical Study of Literature
Published: 2013-05-31
Volume: 3
Issue: 1
Pages: 28-47
ISSN: 2210-4372 (ISSN-L)
2210-4380
DOI: 10.1075/ssol.3.1.06dji
OpenAlex: W2003469141
Cited by: 187
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 12 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 2
FWCI: 7.30
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Scientific Study of Literature (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Empathy and Medical Education
Social Sciences › Communication › Media Influence and Health
Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Literature and Literary Theory › Narrative Theory and Analysis
Keywords: empathy, fiction reading, cognitive empathy, affective empathy, short stories, openness to experience, personality traits

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Reading other minds: Effects of literature on empathy

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks