Living Through COVID-19: Social Distancing, Computer-Mediated Communication, and Well-Being in Sexual Minority and Heterosexual Adults
Abstract
COVID-19 has had far-reaching effects on people’s lives, with evidence of a disproportionate impact on marginalized groups. Given existing health disparities and research on minority stress, COVID-19 may have uniquely impacted psychological well-being among sexual minorities. In an online survey of adults in the U.S. (N = 1,007) conducted in April 2020, we examined differences between sexual minority and heterosexual participants in psychological well-being, social distancing, computer-mediated communication, and COVID-19-related worry and experiences. Sexual minorities reported lower thriving and greater psychological distress, social distancing, computer-mediated communication, and COVID-19 worry and experiences than heterosexual participants. Social distancing and distress were positively correlated among sexual minorities and more frequent computer-mediated communication predicted greater thriving across groups. Path analyses showed sexual minorities’ poorer psychological well-being was mediated by their greater COVID-19 worry and social distancing, in particular. These findings shed light on the distinct impact of COVID-19 on sexual minorities.
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Gender and sexual minorities report greater emotional distress than cisgender and heterosexual young adults.
“Also, gender and sexual minorities report greater emotional distress than cisgender and heterosexual young adults (e.g., Baumel et al., 2021)”
From Young Adult Adaptability to the Social Challenges of the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Protective Role of Friendships (2022) · cites this paper as Baumel et al., 2021
Differences based on gender and sexual orientation replicate earlier findings demonstrating greater risks for females and sexual minority young adults.
“The differences based on gender and sexual orientation also replicate earlier findings demonstrating greater risks for females (Elmer et al., 2020, Philpot et al., 2021) and sexual minority young adults (Baumel et al., 2021).”
From Young Adult Adaptability to the Social Challenges of the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Protective Role of Friendships (2022) · cites this paper as Baumel et al., 2021
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- Authors
- Baumel, K., Hamlett, M., Wheeler, B., Hall, D., Randall, A. K., & Mickelson, K.
- Affiliations
- Arizona State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hall, Deborah
- Venue
- Journal of Homosexuality
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2021-02-01
- Volume
- 68
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 673-691
- ISSN
- 0091-8369 (ISSN-L)
- 1540-3602
- OpenAlex
- W3128661764
- Cited by
- 41
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 5
- FWCI
- 6.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Homosexuality (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- funding
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
- Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
- Keywords
- COVID-19 pandemic, sexual minorities, psychological well-being, social distancing, computer-mediated communication, minority stress, psychological distress, thriving, COVID-19 worry, heterosexuals, health disparities
- MeSH terms
- Sexual and Gender Minorities, Physical Distancing, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Communication, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Heterosexuality, Internet, Young Adult
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