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Cited by 7Migration, Refugees, and IntegrationRacial and Ethnic Identity ResearchDiaspora, migration, transnational identity

Context of Racialized Assimilation: A Case of Second-Generation Somali-Canadians

Karimi, Aryan, Thompson, Sara, Bucerius, Sandra·2023·Ethnic and Racial Studies
DOI 10.1080/01419870.2022.2100223
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Abstract

Can second-generation racialized Canadians cross racial and class boundaries into middle-class mainstream society? Currently, neo-assimilation theory anticipates identificational and socioeconomic assimilation into the mainstream, while segmented-assimilation theory argues that racial and economic structures inhibit racialized groups’ assimilation. An emerging strand of assimilation theory – racialized incorporation – hypothesizes that, for racialized individuals, higher sociocultural capital leads to socioeconomic upward mobility, while their identificational and socioeconomic assimilation remain constrained by racial hierarchies. We draw on 118 qualitative interviews with second-generation Somali-Canadians to assess which of these perspectives best describes their subjective experiences of assimilation in Canada. Though we find support for the racialized assimilation hypothesis, our participants’ socioeconomic achievements exceed the predictions of this perspective. We, therefore, argue that, under Canadian multiculturalism policies and ideology, race is an attitudinal hurdle to navigate rather than a structural barrier against assimilation. We invite future research to consider the contextualized effects of race on assimilation.

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  • Dynamics of incorporation are structured by racialised pathways of arrival and integration, channelling newcomers into hierarchical socioeconomic positions based on perceived proximity to whiteness.

    “Increasingly, scholars argue that these dynamics of incorporation are not neutral processes but are structured by racialised pathways of arrival and integration, wherein newcomers are channelled into hierarchical socioeconomic positions based on their perceived proximity to whiteness (Karimi, Thompson, and Bucerius 2023;Chaudhary 2015).”

    From Wages of whiteness contra refugee in the twenty-first century: Afghan and Ukrainian women’s self-identification as (non)refugees in Canada (2026) · cites this paper as Karimi, Thompson, and Bucerius 2023

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Authors
Karimi, A., Thompson, S., & Bucerius, S.
Affiliations
  • University of British Columbia (CA)
  • Toronto Metropolitan University (CA)
  • University of Alberta (CA)
Corresponding author
Karimi, Aryan
ORCID
Venue
Ethnic and Racial Studies
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2022-07-14
Volume
46
Issue
5
Pages
875-897
ISSN
  • 0141-9870 (ISSN-L)
  • 1466-4356
DOI
10.1080/01419870.2022.2100223
OpenAlex
W4285494714
Cited by
7
References
80
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1
FWCI
1.80
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
Ethnic and Racial Studies (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Migration, Refugees, and Integration
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
  • Social Sciences › Demography › Diaspora, migration, transnational identity
Keywords
immigrant children, segmented assimilation theory, socioeconomic mobility, socio-cultural capital, multicultural policy, racial hierarchy

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