The impact of self-as-a-model interventions on children's self-regulation of learning and swimming performance

Clark, Shannon E.; Ste-Marie, Diane M.

doi:10.1080/02640410600947090

Cited by 143Sport Psychology and PerformanceMotivation and Self-Concept in SportsSports and Physical Education Research

The impact of self-as-a-model interventions on children's self-regulation of learning and swimming performance

Clark, Shannon E., Ste-Marie, Diane M.·2007·Journal of Sports Sciences

DOI 10.1080/02640410600947090

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Abstract

We compared two self-as-a-model interventions: self-modelling (viewing oneself perform an adaptive behaviour) and self-observation (viewing oneself perform at current skill level). Operating within Zimmerman's (1989 Zimmerman, B. J. 1989. A social cognitive view of self-regulated academic learning. Journal of Educational Psychology, 81: 329–339. [Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar], 2000 Zimmerman, B. J. 2000. “Attainment of self-regulation: A social cognitive perspective”. In Handbook of self-regulation, Edited by: Boekaerts, M., Pintrich, P. R. and Zeidner, M. 13–39. San Diego, CA: Academic Press. [Crossref] , [Google Scholar]) theory of self-regulated learning, we examined the effect of the modelling interventions on three self-regulatory processes (self-efficacy, intrinsic motivation, and self-satisfaction), as well as physical performance. Thirty-three children were randomly assigned to one of three experimental groups. The two self-as-a model groups received the modelling intervention just before physical practice, whereas the control group received physical practice only. Analyses of the retention scores revealed significant differences for all dependent measures. Post hoc testing showed consistently that the self-modelling group performed better than the self-observation and control groups, and that the two latter groups performing similarly. These results provide support for the implementation of self-modelling interventions with children when teaching motor skills.

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Self-modeling increased intrinsic motivation and satisfaction with performance.
“In addition, self-modeling resulted in greater intrinsic motivation and satisfaction with performance (Clark & Ste-Marie, 2007).”
From Optimizing performance through intrinsic motivation and attention for learning: The OPTIMAL theory of motor learning (2016) · cites this paper as Clark & Ste-Marie, 2007
Learners who watched edited videos of their best performances showed enhanced learning compared with other groups.
“Interestingly, learners who watched the edited videos that showed their best swimming strokes or trampoline skills demonstrated enhanced learning relative to other groups.”
From Optimizing performance through intrinsic motivation and attention for learning: The OPTIMAL theory of motor learning (2016) · cites this paper as Clark & Ste-Marie, 2007

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Investigating the impact of self-as-a-model interventions on children's self-regulation of learning, swimming performance, and thought processes
Larkin, S. C. (2005) · uO Research (University of Ottawa) · doi:10.20381/ruor-12872
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Self-citation

Authors: Clark, S. E., & Ste-Marie, D. M.
Affiliations: University of Ottawa (CA)
Venue: Journal of Sports Sciences
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2007-03
Volume: 25
Issue: 5
Pages: 577-586
ISSN: 0264-0414 (ISSN-L)
1466-447X
DOI: 10.1080/02640410600947090
OpenAlex: W1971116502
Cited by: 143
References: 35
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 8
FWCI: 6.71
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Sports Sciences (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Sport Psychology and Performance
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports
Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Sports and Physical Education Research
Keywords: self-modeling, self-observation, student self-regulation, self-efficacy, intrinsic motivation, self-satisfaction, swimming performance, motor skill learning, children, social cognitive theory, retention
MeSH terms: Adaptation, Psychological, Analysis of Variance, Child, Female, Humans, Learning, Male, Models, Theoretical, Physical Education and Training, Social Control, Informal, Swimming

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The impact of self-as-a-model interventions on children's self-regulation of learning and swimming performance

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