The academic as consumed and consumer

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based). May combine two claims.

The commodified DNA of the university provides the context for the seduction of the modern academic within the consumer society, a movement from the gratification of needs to the perpetual frustration of desires through the 'Diderot Effect' of policy shifts.

“It argues that this commodified DNA of the university provides the context for the seduction of the modern academic within the consumer society, a movement from the gratification of needs to the perpetual frustration of desires through the 'Diderot Effect' of policy shifts.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based). May combine two claims.

Policy shifts alter practice at the institutional level that then plays out at the individual level.

“Here, we see the policy shifts that alters practice at the institutional level that then plays out at the individual level.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based).

The actual process of how academics become consumed is under-theorised.

“Yet with the majority of accounts of the commodification of higher education focusing on students, the actual process of how academics become consumed is under-theorised.”

May combine two claims.

Contemporary academic work can be viewed through the lens of consumerism and academics themselves have become consumers.

“It concludes with an examination of how contemporary academic work can be viewed through the lens of consumerism and how academics themselves have become consumers.”

May combine two claims.

The intensity of marketisation has profoundly affected the nature of academic work and scholars themselves, recreating academics as commodities to be weighed and measured, becoming corporatised, alienated and inauthentic in their practice.

“The intensity of marketisation is argued to have profoundly affected the nature of academic work and scholars themselves, recreating academics as commodities to be weighed and measured, becoming corporatised, alienated and inauthentic in their practice.”

• cites Ball, 2012 sourceNot checked — no full text of the source
• cites Casey, 1995Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable). May combine two claims.

Academics have been corporately colonised, with neoliberalism getting into their minds and souls.

“Academics, it is argued, have been corporately colonised (Casey, 1995), with neoliberalism getting 'into our minds and our souls' (Ball, 2012).”

• cites Casey, 1995Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

• cites Ball, 2012 sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

Classified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.

Academics sculpt a public profile to boost personal brand, publish in high impact journals for career advancement, and network as an antidote to precarity.

“As a result, we sculpt a public profile not to disseminate knowledge but to boost our personal brand; we publish in journals with high impact factors not for the sake of academic engagement but for career advancement; we network not to develop knowledge in an academic community of practice but as an antidote to precarity.”

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

Individuals in the modern consumer society are both commodity and consumer.

“Secondly, beginning from Bauman's (2007) assertion that individuals in the modern consumer society are both commodity and consumer, the article will move beyond the contemporary academic as passively commodified and explore the process of academic seduction, examining the ways in which academics participate in the practices of consumerism.”

• cites Bauman (2007)Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based). May combine two claims.

The commodification of the self is nothing new within the academy; it is part of the very DNA of higher education.

“Here, the article will consider parallels between the modern academic and her historical predecessor and suggest that the commodification of the self is nothing new within the academy, that it is part of the very DNA of higher education.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based). May combine two claims.

What the nostalgic view does not account for is the historical perspective that highlights that promoting and marketing the academic self and continually exhibiting employability is at the core of academic work, that universities and academics have always been shaped by the need to attract external recognition and the accompanying rewards and patronage it brings.

“What this view does not account for is the historical perspective that highlights that promoting and marketing the academic self and continually exhibiting employability is at the core of academic work, that universities and academics have always been shaped by the need to attract external recognition and the accompanying rewards and patronage it brings.”

Classified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.

Policy shifts introduce something new that makes existing academic practices look outdated or irrelevant, stimulating dissatisfaction and seducing academics into employability work.

“they introduce something new that suddenly makes everything else look outdated or irrelevant, stimulating dissatisfaction, seducing the individual academic to once more become engaged in the DIY job of employability.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

Exploration is at the heart of the conspicuous practice of academics.

“So too is exploration at the heart of the conspicuous practice of academics.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

Here is the perpetual frustration of desires that propel us to act as consumers.

“Here, then, is the perpetual frustration of desires that propel us to act as consumers.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based). May combine two claims.

The transformation of academics is not solely a matter of coercion by senior leaders; academics themselves become agentive in their own re-creation, seduced by the Diderot Effect of policy shifts.

“What is key is that the transformation of academics is not solely a matter of coercion, of senior leaders imposing change; academics themselves become agentive in their own re-creation, they are seduced by the Diderot Effect of policy shifts to continually become born again in the light of new imperatives, new models and new desires.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based).

For those in precarious and insecure work, becoming consumed is not a choice, it has become a necessity, an entry point to fewer and fewer permanent academic posts.

“For those in precarious and insecure work, becoming consumed is not a choice, it has become a necessity, an entry point to fewer and fewer permanent academic posts.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

This difference is the product of the development of the contemporary consumer society, the 'social arrangement that results from recycling mundane, permanent and so to speak 'regime-neutral' wants, desires and longings into the principle propelling and operating force of society'.

“This difference is the product of the development of the contemporary consumer society, the 'social arrangement that results from recycling mundane, permanent and so to speak 'regime-neutral' wants, desires and longings into the principle propelling and operating force of society' (Bauman, 2007).”

• cites Bauman, 2007Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

May combine two claims.

Academia has always maintained a link between economic imperatives, competitiveness and self-promotion yet the majority of the literature presents these as recent phenomena, products of neoliberalism rather than phenomena that are at the very core of academic work and in the very DNA of the university.

“Academia has always maintained a link between economic imperatives, competitiveness and self-promotion yet the majority of the literature presents these as recent phenomena, products of neoliberalism rather than phenomena that are at the very core of academic work and in the very DNA of the university.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based).

Academic desire can be resistant, employing the mechanisms of consumerism to realise a desire to oppose policy, marketisation and the neoliberalist agenda.

“academic desire can equally be resistant, employing the mechanisms of consumerism to realise a desire to oppose policy, marketisation and the neoliberalist agenda.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based).

Governmental policy shifts promulgate the Diderot Effect by disrupting the unity of the academic's product constellation.

“However, governmental policy shifts promulgate the Diderot Effect, they shift the environment to disrupt the unity of the constellation”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

This is the seduction of consumerism: creating desires that are then frustrated by the rapid turnover of goods.

“This is the seduction of consumerism: creating desires that are then frustrated by the rapid turnover of goods.”

May combine two claims.

In the context of the consumer society, individuals are not forced to become commodified, they are seduced by the promise of gratification from participation within consumerism.

“In the context of the consumer society, individuals are not forced to become commodified, they are seduced by the promise of gratification from participation within consumerism.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based).

Commodification is a matter of powerlessness, of absorption into a marketised environment where the only option is to submit or exit.

“Commodification, then, is a matter of powerlessness, of absorption into a marketised environment where the only option is to submit or exit.”

May combine two claims.

The history of academia makes clear that there is nothing new about competition in the sector; nor is there anything new about self-promotion; nor even marketing of the self for reputational and economic gain; nor yet the need to maintain perpetual employability, continually proving one's worth through measurable outcomes.

“The history of academia makes clear that there is nothing new about competition in the sector; nor is there anything new about self-promotion; nor even marketing of the self, not ascetically disseminating knowledge, but for reputational and economic gain; nor yet the need to maintain perpetual employability, continually proving one's worth through measurable outcomes.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

Academics must render teaching and research achievements not only visible but strategically visible, easily noticed by the right people at the right time.

“Here, 'haunted by the spectre of exclusion' (Bauman, 2004), academics must render teaching and research achievements not only visible but strategically visible, easily noticed by the right people at the right time.”

• cites Bauman, 2004Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based).

Changes in how impact and knowledge exchange is measured lead to changes within external relations and industry collaborations.

“Changes in how impact and knowledge exchange is measured lead to changes within external relations and industry collaborations.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based).

The contemporary academic must also adopt the face of 'consumer as chooser'.

“And while exploring, the contemporary academic must also adopt the face of 'consumer as chooser'.”

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

Individuals within the consumerist society are required to become simultaneously the promoters of commodities and the commodities they promote, the merchandise and the marketing agents.

“In Bauman's (2007, p6) terms, individuals within the consumerist society are required to become simultaneously the 'promoters of commodities and the commodities they promote… the merchandise and the marketing agents'.”

• cites Bauman's (2007, p6)Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based). May combine two claims.

The commodification of academic work is accomplished, not primarily by coercion but by seduction, by nudges, prompts and signposting that seduces the academic and promulgates the continual search for academic employability, of security, of an illusory, ephemeral, academic-whole that exists only in the nostalgic past or the idealised future.

“This is where the commodification of academic work is accomplished, not primarily by coercion but by seduction, by nudges, prompts and signposting that seduces the academic and promulgates the continual search for academic employability, of security, of an illusory, ephemeral, academic-whole that exists only in the nostalgic past or the idealised future.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

In creating and re-creating the self, the contemporary academic is required to adopt the mantle of the consumer, to consume in order to be consumed.

“In creating and re-creating the self, the contemporary academic is required to adopt the mantle of the consumer, to consume in order to be consumed”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based).

There is a correlation between rapidly multiplying goods in vast retail outlets and the ever-multiplying panoply of peer reviewed journals.

“We fail to see the correlation between rapidly multiplying goods in vast retail outlets and the ever-multiplying panoply of peer reviewed journals.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based).

Changes in how research is measured externally prompt shifts in how academics position themselves as 'research-active', where they publish and which funding sources they target.

“Changes in how research is measured externally prompt shifts in how academics position themselves as 'research-active', where they publish and which funding sources they target.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

Confronted with policy changes that disrupt any semblance of unity, academic consumerism is one of 'identity seeking'.

“Confronted with policy changes that disrupt any semblance of unity, academic consumerism is one of 'identity seeking'.”

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

Policy creates consumerism within higher education.

“Here is where policy creates consumerism within higher education.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

In a sector where surveillance has become normalised, it is not enough to just be employable; one has to be seen to be employable.

“In a sector where surveillance has become normalised, it is not enough to just be employable; one has to be seen to be employable.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based).

Policy change performs a catalytic role in the seduction of academics into consumerist behaviour.

“Policy change from this perspective performs a catalytic role in the seduction of academics into consumerist behaviour.”

May combine two claims.

Academics not only become commodities within a consumerist higher education sector but are seduced to become consumers as well, to create a self that is highly visible and communicates messages of 'employable'.

“This can also be applied to academics who not only become commodities within a consumerist higher education sector but are seduced to become consumers as well, to create a self that is highly visible, a self that communicates the messages of 'employable'.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based). May combine two claims.

Commodification is a matter of powerlessness, of becoming incorporated within a marketised environment out of necessity, of gaining and retaining precarious employment statuses.

“Earlier I argued that commodification is a matter of powerlessness, of becoming incorporated within a marketised environment out of necessity, of gaining and retaining precarious employment statuses.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

Becoming consumed is also a product of necessity.

“Becoming consumed is also a product of necessity.”

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

Track record plays second fiddle to current and future performance as criteria for reward or sanction.

“Here, track record plays second fiddle to the focus on current and future performance as the criteria for reward or sanction: 'what have you done for me lately?' is the guiding principle.”

May combine two claims.

The consumerist turn has had a profound effect on the nature of academic work and upon academics themselves.

“The result of the consumerist turn has, it is argued, had a profound effect on the nature of academic work and upon academics themselves.”

• cites Naidoo et al (2011 sourceNot checked — no full text of the source
• cites Miller, 2010 sourceNot checked — no full text of the source
• cites Ball (2012, p18) sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based).

The Diderot effect of policy change on institutions plays out in academic work and academic careers, changing the conception of what it means to be employable.

“And the Diderot effect of policy change on institutions plays out in academic work and academic careers, changing the conception of what it means to be employable.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

Forging an academic identity at the cutting edge of policy and practice requires the consumerist face of the 'consumer as explorer'.

“But forging an academic identity at the cutting edge of policy and practice requires a different consumerist face, that of the 'consumer as explorer'.”

May combine two claims.

As a commodity, the academic is compelled to value only that which can be measured, leading to a 'deep alienation in the experience of constantly living to perform' and 'feelings of personal inauthenticity and a culture of compliance as externally controlled performance indicators become the constant point of reference'.

“As a commodity, the academic is compelled to value only that which can be measured leading to a 'deep alienation in the experience of constantly living to perform' and 'feelings of personal inauthenticity and a culture of compliance as externally controlled performance indicators become the constant point of reference' (Lynch, 2005, p 9).”

• cites Lynch, 2005, p 9Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

Happiness and fulfilment in the consumerist society is not about the gratification of needs-it is about the 'ever rising volume and intensity of desires, which in turn prompt the use and speedy replacement of the objects intended and hoped to gratify them'.

“Happiness and fulfilment in the consumerist society is not about the gratification of needsit is about the 'ever rising volume and intensity of desires, which in turn prompt the use and speedy replacement of the objects intended and hoped to gratify them' (ibid, p31).”

• cites Bauman, 2007Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Classified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.

Identity is a progressive narrative and lies in the capacity to keep that particular narrative going.

“identity here is a progressive narrative and lies in 'the capacity to keep [that] particular narrative going' (Giddens 1991, p54).”

• cites Giddens 1991, p54Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

The DIY job of constant recasting of the commodified self-to remain employable, to achieve recognition, to avoid being invisible-must be constantly frustrated to create a perpetual search for fulfilment.

“The DIY job of constant recasting of the commodified selfto remain employable, to achieve recognition, to avoid being invisiblemust be constantly frustrated to create a perpetual search for fulfilment.”

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

With universities across the globe increasingly driven by metrics, league tables and external evaluations of performance, academic work becomes measurable.

“With universities across the globe increasingly driven by metrics, leagues tables and external evaluations of performance, academic work becomes measurable.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based). May combine two claims.

CVs are examined for 'velocity' and 'trajectory', external bids won this year, timely doctoral completions, this semester's student evaluations, current citations and altmetrics, and in-year publications in journals currently in the top quartile for impact.

“CVs are examined for 'velocity' and 'trajectory', external bids won this year, timely doctoral completions, this semester's student evaluations, current citations and altmetrics, in-year publications in journals currently in the top quartile for impact.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

The explorer-consumer academic needs to seek out that which will differentiate him or herself from others.

“As such, the explorer-consumer academic needs to seek out that which will differentiate him or herself from others”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based).

Policy shifts lead university leaders, concerned with their own employability, to re-create their organisations, reframing the structure and the model of 'desirable academic' to meet new challenges and attain academic harmony.

“Firstly, policy shifts lead to university leaders (who are concerned with their own employability) re-creating their organisations, reframing the structure and reframing the model of 'desirable academic' that will meet the new challenges and attain academic harmony.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

Academic careers become narratives in the face of perpetual policy shifts, with CVs and LinkedIn profiles constantly updated to present the current and future self.

“So too do academic careers become narratives in the face of perpetual policy shifts, CVs and LinkedIn profiles constantly updated to present the current and future self, fit, fresh, and continually adapted to the latest policy shift.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based).

Changes in how student satisfaction is measured lead academics to alter their practice, to provide more individual support or to move from lecture format to small group teaching.

“Changes in how student satisfaction is measured lead academics to alter their practice, to provide more individual support or to move from lecture format to small group teaching.”

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

The 'Diderot Effect' is the result of introducing a new item that disrupts the constellation, rendering every other item unsatisfactory and in need of replacement.

“The 'Diderot Effect' is the result of introducing a new item that disrupts the constellation, rendering every other item unsatisfactory and in need of replacement.”

• cites McCracken, 1990 sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

Academics read the signs, horizon-scan and adjust their work to fit the changing landscape, attempting to achieve consistency or unity within an ever-shifting environment.

“Secondly, academics read the signs, they horizon-scan and adjust their work to fit the changing landscape, attempting all the time to achieve a consistency, a unity within an ever-shifting environment that will bring them nearer to the illusory academic whole.”

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

Central to consumerism is the symbolic function of material goods.

“central to consumerism is the 'symbolic function of material goods' (Song, 2003).”

• cites Song, 2003Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable). May combine two claims.

What we consume tells stories and communicates meaning about who we are, social categories and hierarchies, and how valued we can be and how well we respond to continually changing policy emphases.

“What we consume tells stories and communicates meaning about who we are, it communicates social categories and hierarchies and, in this context, how valued we can be and how well we respond to continually changing policy emphases.”

• cites Song, 2003Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based).

Academics build careers and universities aiming to achieve a unity or harmony where the academic may enjoy job security and fulfilment in a knowable, complementary environment.

“We build our careers and our universities with the aim of achieving a unity, a harmony where the academic may enjoy job security and achieve fulfilment in a knowable, complementary, environment.”

• AssumptionRests on an assumption: Academics and universities desire a unified, harmonious professional constellation involving job security and fulfilment.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based). May combine two claims.

Such activities are part of the very DNA of higher education, a consistent feature since the birth of the university.

“As we have seen above, such activities are part of the very DNA of higher education, a consistent feature since the birth of the university.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based). May combine two claims.

The neoliberal incursion into the academy has been grafted onto the historical practices of the academic, where self-promotion and dissemination can be indistinguishable, where careers have always been built on gaining a reputation from being seen by the right people at the right time.

“The neoliberal incursion into the academy has been grafted onto the historical practices of the academic, where self-promotion and dissemination can be indistinguishable, where careers have always been built on gaining a reputation from being seen by the right people at the right time.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable). May combine two claims.

While academic work may always have been commodified, the real impact of neoliberalism may be the perfection of this process while simultaneously seducing academics into becoming consumers.

“But while academic work may always have been commodified, the real impact of neoliberalism may be the perfection of this process while simultaneously seducing academics into becoming consumers.”

Classified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.

Consumers have created a surfeit of things because they enjoy the process of getting and spending; so it is in academia.

“For Twitchell (1999, p27), consumers have 'created a surfeit of things because we enjoy the process of getting and spending' and so it is in academia.”

• cites Twitchell (1999, p27)Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

May combine two claims.

Pleasure has been co-opted into the capitalist project and allows individuals to endure the rigours of life under the capitalist reality principle.

“For Bauman (2007), pleasure has been co-opted into the capitalist project and it is pleasure that allows individuals to endure the 'rigours of life under the capitalist reality principle, that is, alienating work, the threat of unemployment or worse' (Gabriel and Lang, 2006).”

• cites Bauman (2007)Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

• cites Gabriel and Lang, 2006 sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable). May combine two claims.

Meaning within academic consumerism is reappropriated from the neoliberalism agenda; alternative aims are achieved; commodification is simultaneously resisted and achieved with new, resistant meanings.

“Meaning within academic consumerism is therefore reappropriated from the neoliberalism agenda, alterative aims are achieved, commodification is simultaneously resisted and achieved with new, resistant meanings.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

There is a pleasure in academic consumerism.

“But more than this, there is a pleasure in academic consumerism.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based). May combine two claims.

Academic desire can be resistant, exploiting the mechanisms and mediums of consumerism to attack the commodification of academic work and to provide critiques of policies that seek to colonise.

“Academic desire can equally be resistant, it can exploit the mechanisms and mediums of consumerism to attack the commodification of academic work, to provide critiques of policies that seek to colonise.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based). May combine two claims.

In higher education, researchers in race or feminism use mechanisms of commodification such as established journals, university conferences and funding councils, but the meanings ascribed are far from neoliberal, far from incorporation and far from subservience.

“Yet, despite using the mechanisms of commodification such as established journals, university conference and funding councils, the meanings ascribed are far from neoliberal, far from incorporation and far from subservience.”

May combine two claims.

Consumerist resistance is not only possible, it is inevitable and, potentially, fruitful.

“Consumerism is not that straightforward and consumerist resistance is not only possible, it is inevitable and, potentially, fruitful.”

• AssumptionThe authors state this as an assumption: Consumerism is virtually impossible to reject because people need to consume.

May combine two claims.

Consumerist resistance is a rejection of the 'authority of the producer', a grafting of alternative meanings from the authority of the consumer instead.

“As such, it is a rejection of the 'authority of the producer' (Abercrombie, 1994, p51), a grafting of alternative meanings from the authority of the consumer instead.”

• cites Abercrombie, 1994Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based).

A female academic of colour may fashion a sophisticated external profile consisting of Twitter, Researchgate, LinkedIn and her own website, reproducing herself as commodity but for the purpose of resisting traditional hierarchical measures of esteem that seek to block women of colour from advancement.

“Consider also the female academic of colour who fashions a sophisticated external profile consisting of Twitter, Researchgate, LinkedIn and even her own website, all reproducing herself as commodity but for the purpose of resisting traditional hierarchical measures of esteem that seek to block women of colour from advancement.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

Desire and pleasure in academic work cannot always be prescribed.

“However, desire and pleasure in academic work cannot always be prescribed.”

May combine two claims.

This resistance is not the paradigm of overt and coordinated resistance; it is everyday resistance, routine resistance that operates within existing structures and cultures.

“Yet this is not the paradigm of overt and coordinated resistance; this is everyday resistance (Scott, 1985), routine resistance (Prasad and Prasad, 1998) that operates within existing structures and cultures.”

• cites Scott, 1985Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

• cites Prasad and Prasad, 1998Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable). May combine two claims.

Frustrated academic desire can lead not only to the creation of consumable identities, it can lead to the creation of oppositional identities that subvert the intended meanings of policy and the authority of policy-makers.

“Frustrated academic desire can lead not only to the creation of consumable identities, it can lead to the creation of oppositional identities that subvert the intended meanings of policy and the authority of policy-makers.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

Academics may find a pleasure within alternative subjectivities greater than any pleasure that could be prescribed.

“And in this academics may find a pleasure within alterative subjectivities greater than any pleasure that could be prescribed.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

The intentions of policy do not necessarily create academics that become willingly consumed and consumerist.

“The intentions of policy do not necessarily create academics that become willingly consumed and consumerist.”