Validity of the PRCA as an index of oral communication apprehension
Abstract
This paper reviews the research which has employed the PRCA to measure the construct of oral communication apprehension. It is concluded that the PRCA is a reliable and valid measure of that construct.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Cites
Harwood, J., & Ortiz, M. (2006) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.2006.00280.x · Cited by 1,291 · see citing works
Oral communication apprehension: A summary of recent theory and research
McCROSKEY, J. C. (1977) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1977.tb00599.x · Cited by 890 · see citing works
Measures of communication‐bound anxiety
McCroskey, J. C. (1970) · Speech Monographs · doi:10.1080/03637757009375677 · Cited by 723 · see citing works
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COMMUNICATION APPREHENSION AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS
McCroskey, J. C., & Andersen, J. F. (1976) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1976.tb00506.x · Cited by 223 · see citing works
PERSONALITY CORRELATES OF COMMUNICATION APPREHENSION: A RESEARCH NOTE
McCroskey, J. C., Daly, J. A., & Sorensen, G. (1976) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1976.tb00498.x · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Occupational desirability and choice as a function of communication apprehension.
Daly, J. A., & McCroskey, J. C. (1975) · Journal of Counseling Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0076748 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
STUDIES OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COMMUNICATION APPREHENSION AND SELF-ESTEEM
McCroskey, J. C., RICHMOND, V. P., Daly, J. A., & Falcione, R. L. (1977) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1977.tb00525.x · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Classroom seating arrangements: Instructional communication theory versus student preferences
McCorskey, J. C., & McVetta, R. W. (1978) · Communication Education · doi:10.1080/03634527809378281 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
McCroskey, J. C. (1972) · The Speech Teacher · doi:10.1080/03634527209377961 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Fremouw, W. J., & Zitter, R. E. (1978) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(78)80110-5 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
The effects of communication apprehension on the perception of peers
McCroskey, J. C., & RICHMOND, V. P. (1976) · Western Speech Communication · doi:10.1080/10570317609373881 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
THE EFFECTS OF COMMUNICATION APPREHENSION ON INTERPERSONAL ATTRACTION
McCroskey, J. C., RICHMOND, V. P., Daly, J. A., & Cox, B. (1975) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1975.tb00468.x · Cited by 112 · see citing works
TEACHERS' EXPECTATIONS OF THE COMMUNICATION APPREHENSIVE CHILD IN THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
McCroskey, J. C., & Daly, J. A. (1976) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1976.tb00505.x · Cited by 100 · see citing works
The effects of communication apprehension on nonverbal behavior
McCroskey, J. C. (1976) · Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1080/01463377609369208 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Falcione, R. L., McCroskey, J. C., & Daly, J. A. (1977) · Annals of the International Communication Association · doi:10.1080/23808985.1977.11923692 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Communication apprehension, social preference, and social behavior in a college environment
McCroskey, J. C., & Sheahan, M. E. (1978) · Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1080/01463377809369292 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Communication apprehension as a predictor of self‐disclosure
McCroskey, J. C., & RICHMOND, V. P. (1977) · Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1080/01463377709369271 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
RICHMOND, V. P. (1978) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1978.tb00720.x · Cited by 66 · see citing works
The prediction of interaction behavior in small groups: Zero history vs. intact groups
Sorensen, G., & McCroskey, J. C. (1977) · Communication Monographs · doi:10.1080/03637757709390116 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
AN EXPLORATION OF COMMUNICATION AND PRODUCTIVITY IN REAL BRAINSTORMING GROUPS
JABLJN, F. M., & Sussman, L. (1978) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1978.tb00719.x · Cited by 37 · see citing works
THE RHETORICAL INTERROGATIVE: ANXIETY OR CONTROL?
Powers, W. G. (1977) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1977.tb00595.x · Cited by 22 · see citing works
BEHAVIORAL SUPPORT FOR SYSTEMATIC DESENSITIZATION FOR COMMUNICATION APPREHENSION
GOSS, E., THOMPSON, M., & OLDS, S. (1978) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1978.tb00605.x · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Wells, J. K. (1970) · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Nichols, J. G. (2024) · Michigan State University Libraries · doi:10.25335/yg0s-fm66 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Huntley, J. R. (1969) · Michigan State University Libraries · doi:10.25335/m57659p59 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
RICHMOND, V. P. (1977) · Lincoln (University of Nebraska) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
AIDA, Y. (1994) · The Modern Language Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1540-4781.1994.tb02026.x · Cited by 1,109 · see citing works
Caplan, S. E. (2003) · Communication Research · doi:10.1177/0093650203257842 · Cited by 1,026 · see citing works
Verbal aggressiveness: An interpersonal model and measure
Infante, D. A., & Wigley, C. J. (1986) · Communication Monographs · doi:10.1080/03637758609376126 · Cited by 755 · see citing works
A student's contributions to second-language learning. Part II: Affective variables
Gardner, R. C., & MacIntyre, P. D. (1993) · Language Teaching · doi:10.1017/s0261444800000045 · Cited by 621 · see citing works
MacIntyre, P. D., & Gardner, R. C. (1991) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/j.1467-1770.1991.tb00691.x · Cited by 582 · see citing works
An Investigation of Students' Perspectives on Anxiety and Speaking
Young, D. J. (1990) · Foreign Language Annals · doi:10.1111/j.1944-9720.1990.tb00424.x · Cited by 576 · see citing works
Reliability and validity of the willingness to communicate scale
McCroskey, J. C. (1992) · Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1080/01463379209369817 · Cited by 531 · see citing works
Psychosocial Correlates of Interpersonal Sensitivity: A Meta-Analysis
Hall, J. A., Andrzejewski, S. A., & Yopchick, J. E. (2009) · Journal of Nonverbal Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10919-009-0070-5 · Cited by 339 · see citing works
The Relationship Between Anxiety and Foreign Language Oral Proficiency Ratings
Young, D. J. (1986) · Foreign Language Annals · doi:10.1111/j.1944-9720.1986.tb01032.x · Cited by 322 · see citing works
Investigating Language Class Anxiety Using the Focused Essay Technique
MacIntyre, P. D., & Gardner, R. C. (1991) · Modern Language Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1540-4781.1991.tb05358.x · Cited by 314 · see citing works
Cognitive behavioral therapy for public-speaking anxiety using virtual reality for exposure
Anderson, P. L., Zimand, E., Hodges, L. F., & ROTHBAUM, B. O. (2005) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20090 · Cited by 289 · see citing works
McCroskey, J. C., Beatty, M. J., Kearney, P., & Plax, T. G. (1985) · Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1080/01463378509369595 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Oral Communication Apprehension: A Reconceptualization
McCroskey, J. C. (1982) · Annals of the International Communication Association · doi:10.1080/23808985.1982.11678497 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
The Interaction Anxiousness Scale: Construct and Criterion-Related Validity
Leary, M. R., & Kowalski, R. M. (1993) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa6101_10 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Hofmann, S. G., & DiBartolo, P. M. (2000) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(00)80027-1 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Lee, J. S., & Drajatı, N. A. (2019) · Australasian Journal of Educational Technology · doi:10.14742/ajet.5177 · Cited by 266 · see citing works
Communication apprehension as temperamental expression: A Communibiological paradigm
Beatty, M. J., McCroskey, J. C., & Heisel, A. D. (1998) · Communication Monographs · doi:10.1080/03637759809376448 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
The affinity‐seeking function of communication
Bell, R. A., & Daly, J. A. (1984) · Communication Monographs · doi:10.1080/03637758409390188 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Writing Apprehension, Self-Esteem, and Personality
Daly, J. A., & Wilson, D. A. (1983) · Research in the Teaching of English · doi:10.58680/rte198315695 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
The Spiral of Silence and Fear of Isolation
Neuwirth, K., Frederick, E., & Mayo, C. (2007) · Journal of Communication · doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2007.00352.x · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Scott, C. R., & Rockwell, S. C. (1997) · Communication Education · doi:10.1080/03634529709379072 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Lee, J. S., & Lee, K. (2019) · Language Teaching Research · doi:10.1177/1362168819831408 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
The Development of Intercultural and Interethnic Communication Apprehension Scales.
Neuliep, J., & Mccroskey, J. (1997) · Communication Research Reports · doi:10.1080/08824099709388656 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Communication apprehension and shyness: Conceptual and operational distinctions
McCroskey, J. C., & RICHMOND, V. P. (1982) · Central States Speech Journal · doi:10.1080/10510978209388452 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
A Relational Turbulence Model of Communication About Irritations in Romantic Relationships
Theiss, J. A., & Solomon, D. H. (2006) · Communication Research · doi:10.1177/0093650206291482 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Stafford, L., Burggraf, C. S., & Sharkey, W. F. (1987) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1987.tb00127.x · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Social Anxiety, Shyness, and Related Constructs
Leary, M. R. (1991) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-590241-0.50009-5 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
A CROSS-CULTURAL TEST OF UNCERTAINTY REDUCTION THEORY.
Gudykunst, W. B., Yang, S.-M., & Nishida, T. (1985) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1985.tb00054.x · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Communication apprehension and accumulated communication state anxiety experiences: A research note
McCroskey, J. C., & Beatty, M. J. (1984) · Communication Monographs · doi:10.1080/03637758409390185 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
A longitudinal study of college students’ communication competence
Rubin, R. B., Graham, E. E., & Mignerey, J. T. (1990) · Communication Education · doi:10.1080/03634529009378783 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Classroom seating arrangements: Instructional communication theory versus student preferences
McCorskey, J. C., & McVetta, R. W. (1978) · Communication Education · doi:10.1080/03634527809378281 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Charlier, S. D., Stewart, G. L., Greco, L. M., & Reeves, C. J. (2016) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2016.05.002 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Stafford, L., & Daly, J. A. (1984) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1984.tb00024.x · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Fushino, K. (2010) · TESOL Quarterly · doi:10.5054/tq.2010.235993 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Hill, S. E. K., Bahniuk, M. H., & Dobos, J. A. (1989) · Communication Education · doi:10.1080/03634528909378737 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Kriangkrai, Y., & Usaha, S. (2012) · English Language Teaching · doi:10.5539/elt.v5n12p23 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Hoyle, R. H. (1991) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.59.1.67 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Zhang, Q. (2005) · Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1080/01463370500056150 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Price, M., & Anderson, P. L. (2012) · Psychotherapy · doi:10.1037/a0024734 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Communicative adaptability: A review of conceptualization and measurement
Duran, R. L. (1992) · Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1080/01463379209369840 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Cultural Differences in Self-Consciousness and Self-Monitoring
Gudykunst, W. B., Yang, S.-M., & Nishida, T. (1987) · Communication Research · doi:10.1177/009365087014001002 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Antecedents of interpersonal communication motivation
Rubin, R. B., & RUBIN, A. M. (1992) · Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1080/01463379209369845 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Oral Communication Apprehension
McCroskey, J. C., & Beatty, M. J. (1986) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-0525-3_21 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Beatty, M. J., & Behnke, R. R. (1991) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1991.tb00542.x · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Susskind, A. M. (2006) · Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication · doi:10.1111/j.1083-6101.2004.tb00287.x · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Blume, B. D., Baldwin, T. T., & Ryan, K. C. (2012) · Academy of Management Learning and Education · doi:10.5465/amle.2011.0127 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
A cognitive‐physiological model of speech anxiety
Behnke, R. R., & Beatty, M. J. (1981) · Communication Monographs · doi:10.1080/03637758109376055 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Gardner, C. T., Milne, M. J., Stringer, C. P., & Whiting, R. H. (2005) · Accounting Education · doi:10.1080/06939280500077269 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Scott, C. R., & Timmerman, C. E. (2005) · Communication Research · doi:10.1177/0093650205281054 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Neuliep, J. W., & Ryan, D. J. (1998) · Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1080/01463379809370086 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Communication apprehension as a determinant of avoidance, withdrawal and performance anxiety
Beatty, M. J. (1987) · Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1080/01463378709369681 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Conversational involvement and loneliness
Bell, R. A. (1985) · Communication Monographs · doi:10.1080/03637758509376107 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
NONVERBAL AND RELATIONAL COMMUNICATION ASSOCIATED WITH RETICENCE
Burgoon, J. K., & Koper, R. J. (1984) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1984.tb00034.x · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Alexa as Coach: Leveraging Smart Speakers to Build Social Agents that Reduce Public Speaking Anxiety
Wang, J., Yang, H. J., Shao, R., Abdullah, S., & Sundar, S. S. (2020) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3313831.3376561 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Communication apprehension of elementary and secondary students and teachers
McCroskey, J. C., Andersen, J. F., RICHMOND, V. P., & Wheeless, L. R. (1981) · Communication Education · doi:10.1080/03634528109378461 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Ellis, K. (1995) · Communication Education · doi:10.1080/03634529509378998 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Kelly, L. (1982) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1982.tb00658.x · Cited by 76 · see citing works
To Look or Book: An Examination of Consumers’ Apprehensiveness toward Internet Use
Susskind, A. M., Bonn, M. A., & Dev, C. S. (2003) · Journal of Travel Research · doi:10.1177/0047287502239033 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
An investigation of self‐perceived communication competence and personality orientations
RICHMOND, V. P., McCroskey, J. C., & McCroskey, L. L. (1989) · Communication Research Reports · doi:10.1080/08824098909359829 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Communication Apprehension Among Japanese Students In Native and Second Language
McCroskey, J. C., Gudykunst, W. B., & Nishida, T. (1985) · Communication Research Reports · doi:10.1080/17464099.1985.12289912 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Subjective Anxiety Measurements and Cortisol Responses in Adults Who Stutter
Blood, G. W., Blood, I. M., Bennett, S., Simpson, K. C., & Susman, E. J. (1994) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/jshr.3704.760 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Examining the Effect of Exposure Therapy on Public Speaking State Anxiety
Finn, A. N., Sawyer, C. R., & Schrodt, P. (2009) · Communication Education · doi:10.1080/03634520802450549 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Rosenfeld, L. B., Grant, C. H., & McCroskey, J. C. (1995) · Communication Education · doi:10.1080/03634529509378999 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Classroom communication apprehension: A survey
Bowers, J. W. (1986) · Communication Education · doi:10.1080/03634528609388361 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Accounting Students and Communication Apprehension: A Study of Spanish and UK Students
Montaño, J. L. A., Hassall, T., Joyce, J., & Anés, J. A. D. (2007) · European Accounting Review · doi:10.1080/09638180701391337 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Impact of affective variables on Korean as a foreign language learners' oral achievement
Pyun, D. O., Kim, J. S., Cho, H. Y., & Lee, J. (2014) · System · doi:10.1016/j.system.2014.09.017 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
A behavioral-cognitive therapy program for adults who stutter: Computers and counseling
Blood, G. W. (1995) · Journal of Communication Disorders · doi:10.1016/0021-9924(95)00008-2 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
A component analysis of cognitive restructuring
Glogower, F. D., Fremouw, W. J., & McCroskey, J. C. (1978) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/bf01185784 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
A research note on the dimensions of communication reticence
Burgoon, J. K., & Hale, J. L. (1983) · Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1080/01463378309369510 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
RICHMOND, V. P., McCroskey, J. C., & Davis, L. M. (1982) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1982.tb00663.x · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Apprehensives’ perception of classroom factors influencing their class participation
Neer, M. R., & Kircher, W. F. (1989) · Communication Research Reports · doi:10.1080/08824098909359836 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Beatty, M. J., Balfantz, G. L., & Kuwabara, A. Y. (1989) · Communication Education · doi:10.1080/03634528909378763 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Elements of teacher communication competence
Rubin, R. B., & Feezel, J. D. (1986) · Communication Education · doi:10.1080/03634528609388348 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Communication correlates of college success: An exploratory investigation
Rubin, R. B., & Graham, E. E. (1988) · Communication Education · doi:10.1080/03634528809378700 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Electronic self-help and support groups.
Alemi, F., Mosavel, M., Stephens, R., Ghadiri, A., Krishnaswamy, J., & Thakkar, H. (1996) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/00005650-199610003-00004 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Greene, J. O., & Sparks, G. G. (1983) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1983.tb00704.x · Cited by 58 · see citing works
RICHMOND, V. P., Heisel, A. D., Smith, R. S., & McCroskey, J. C. (1998) · Communication Research Reports · doi:10.1080/08824099809362133 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
The effectiveness of a skills‐based program in reducing public speaking anxiety
Pribyl, C. B., Keaten, J. A., & Sakamoto, M. (2001) · Japanese Psychological Research · doi:10.1111/1468-5884.t01-1-00171 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Loneliness and Communication Problems
Solano, C. H., & Koester, N. H. (1989) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167289151012 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Social and Communicative Anxiety: A Review and Meta-Analysis
Patterson, M. L., & Ritts, V. (1997) · Annals of the International Communication Association · doi:10.1080/23808985.1997.11678944 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Communication apprehension and general anxiety in the prediction of public speaking anxiety
Beatty, M. J., & Andriate, G. S. (1985) · Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1080/01463378509369596 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
THE EFFECT OF COMMUNICATION APPREHENSION AND SITUATION ON COMMUNICATION STRATEGY CHOICES
Lustig, M. W., & King, S. W. (1980) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1980.tb00552.x · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Virtual Reality as a Tool for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: A Review
Scozzari, S., & Gamberini, L. (2011) · Studies in computational intelligence · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-17824-5_5 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Telecourse persistence and psychological variables
Pugliese, R. R. (1994) · American Journal of Distance Education · doi:10.1080/08923649409526864 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
AN ASSIMILATION THEORY PERSPECTIVE OF COMMUNICATION APPREHENSION
Beatty, M. J., & Behnke, R. R. (1980) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1980.tb00153.x · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Communication Apprehension Among College Students in America, Australia, Japan, and Korea
Klopf, D. W., & Cambra, R. E. (1979) · The Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00223980.1979.9915091 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Communication apprehension and learning style preference: Correlations and implications for teaching
Dwyer, K. K. (1998) · Communication Education · doi:10.1080/03634529809379118 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Biological sex and communication apprehension
McCroskey, J. C., Simpson, T. J., & RICHMOND, V. P. (1982) · Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1080/01463378209369439 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
COMPONENTS IN LISTENING BEHAVIOR: THE ROLE OF SHORT-TERM MEMORY
Bostrom, R. N., & Waldhart, E. S. (1980) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1980.tb00142.x · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Lederman, L. C. (1983) · Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1080/01463378309369509 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Wang, Y., Derakhshan, A., Ghiasvand, F., & Esfandyari, M. (2024) · System · doi:10.1016/j.system.2024.103437 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Skills Versus Apprehension: Empirical Euidence on Oral Communication
Fordham, D. R., & Gabbin, A. L. (1996) · Business Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1177/108056999605900314 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
When enough is too much: Communication apprehension and employee information experiences
Bartoo, H., & Sias, P. M. (2004) · Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1080/01463370409370175 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Communication Apprehension and Imagined Interactions
Honeycutt, J. M., Choi, C. W., & DeBerry, J. R. (2009) · Communication Research Reports · doi:10.1080/08824090903074423 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Perceptions of speaking ability: An explanation for stage fright
Ayres, J. (1986) · Communication Education · doi:10.1080/03634528609388350 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Investigating foreign language learning anxiety: A case of Saudi undergraduate EFL learners
Al-Khasawneh, F. M. (2016) · DergiPark (Istanbul University) · Cited by 43 · see citing works
The role of outcome expectations in the experience of a state of communication apprehension
Greene, J. O., & Sparks, G. G. (1983) · Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1080/01463378309369506 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Some communicator correlates of loneliness
Bell, R. A., & Daly, J. A. (1985) · Southern Speech Communication Journal · doi:10.1080/10417948509372627 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
A Cross-cultural Test of the Spiral of Silence Theory in Singapore and the United States1
Lee, W., Detenber, B. H., Willnat, L., Aday, S., & Graf, J. (2004) · Asian Journal of Communication · doi:10.1080/0129298042000256758 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
An overview of tourism and hospitality scales: discussion and recommendations
Koç, E., & Ayyıldız, A. Y. (2021) · Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights · doi:10.1108/jhti-06-2021-0147 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
- Authors
- McCroskey, J. C.
- Affiliations
- West Virginia University (US)
- Corresponding author
- McCroskey, James C.
- Venue
- Communication Monographs
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 1978-08
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 192-203
- ISSN
- 0363-7751 (ISSN-L)
- 1479-5787
- OpenAlex
- W2006089454
- Cited by
- 371
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 25.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Communication Monographs (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Communication in Education and Healthcare
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Keywords
- oral communication apprehension, speaking anxiety, psychometric validity, reliability statistics, anxiety assessment
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review