The effect of increasing consumption of pulses and wholegrains in obese people: a randomized controlled trial
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Wholegrain intake is inversely related to weight gain over time, but little information is available on the role of pulses in weight control. OBJECTIVE: To compare weight loss, metabolic outcomes, and nutrient intakes in obese people assigned to a diet rich in pulses and wholegrains or a control diet. METHODS: Randomized controlled study of 18 months with 113 volunteers (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 28 kg/m(2)). Diets were based on guidelines published by the National Heart Foundation of New Zealand. The intervention group was advised to consume 2 serves of pulses and 4 serves of wholegrain foods per day as substitutions for more refined carbohydrates. RESULTS: Fiber intakes were higher, intakes of several vitamins and minerals were better maintained, and dietary glycemic index was lower in the intervention compared with the control group. Mean (standard error [SE]) weight loss at 6 months was 6.0 (0.7) kg and 6.3 (0.6) kg in the control and intervention groups, respectively, and was not different between groups (p > 0.05). Blood pressure, triglycerides, and glycemic load were lowered in both groups compared with baseline. Waist circumference was decreased at 18 months in the intervention compared with the control group (-2.8 cm; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.4, -5.1). CONCLUSIONS: Incorporation of pulses and wholegrain foods into a weight loss program resulted in a greater reduction in waist circumference compared with the group consuming a control diet, although no difference in weight loss was noted between groups. Retention of several nutrients was better with the pulse and wholegrain diet.
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In observational studies and RCTs, legume consumption improves CVD risk factors (waist circumference, cholesterol, BP, CRP, glucose) and is protective against T2DM.
“In observational studies and RCTs consumption of legumes improves CVD risk factors, such as waist circumference, cholesterol, BP, C-reactive protein, glucose; and is protective against T2DM (224–231).”
From Food Consumption and its Impact on Cardiovascular Disease: Importance of Solutions Focused on the Globalized Food System (2015) · cites this paper as [224]
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- Authors
- Venn, B. J., Perry, T., Green, T. J., Skeaff, C. M., Aitken, W., Moore, N. J., Mann, J. I., Wallace, A. J., Monro, J., Bradshaw, A., Brown, R. C., Skidmore, P. M. L., Doel, K., O'Brien, K., Frampton, C., & Williams, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Otago (NZ)
- Plant & Food Research (NZ)
- Corresponding author
- Venn, Bernard J
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of the American College of Nutrition
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2010-08
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 365-372
- ISSN
- 0731-5724 (ISSN-L)
- 1541-1087
- OpenAlex
- W2082329584
- Cited by
- 69
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 6.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of the American College of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- World Health Organization
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Food composition and properties
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Keywords
- pulses, whole grains, obesity, weight loss, dietary fiber, glycemic index, glycemic load, waist circumference, blood pressure, triglycerides, nutrient intake, refined carbohydrates
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Blood Pressure, Edible Grain, Dietary Carbohydrates, Dietary Fiber, Female, Humans, Fabaceae, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Seeds, Triglycerides, Weight Loss, Micronutrients, Plant Preparations, Glycemic Index, Waist Circumference
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