Secrets, shame and discipline: School girls’ experiences of sanitation and menstrual hygiene management in a peri-urban community in Ghana.
Abstract
Women and girls need proper sanitation and hygiene facilities to maintain health and dignity. In this study we show how schoolgirls from a peri-urban community of Ghana, experience severe multidimensional 'hygiene poverty' when attending schools. Hygiene poverty was characterized by poor water and sanitation infrastructures and serious social and emotional challenges, including shaming and disciplining of their sanitation and menstrual practices, which forces girls to apply secretive coping strategies. We discuss the importance of changing the negative MHM discourses at schools and fostering supportive teaching methods in adolescent female health.
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Social capital has facilitated sanitation access; women and girls have formed and maintained social connections when accessing sanitation locations, and sought social support to ensure privacy and safety and to protect reputations when urinating or defecating.
“Social capital has facilitated sanitation access.Women and girls have formed and maintained social connections when accessing sanitation locations, [130, 182, 189] and sought social support to ensure privacy and safety and to protect reputations when urinating or defecating [173, 182, 184, 187-190, 223, 226].”
From Water, sanitation, and women’s empowerment: A systematic review and qualitative metasynthesis (2022) · cites this paper as [188]
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Hennegan, J., Shannon, A. K., Rubli, J., Schwab, K. J., & Melendez-Torres, G. J. (2019) · PLOS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1002803 · Cited by 577 · see citing works
Water, sanitation, and women’s empowerment: A systematic review and qualitative metasynthesis
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- Authors
- Rheinländer, T., Gyapong, M., Akpakli, D. E., & Konradsen, F.
- Affiliations
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- University of Health and Allied Sciences (GH)
- Dodowa Health Research Centre (GH)
- Corresponding author
- Rheinländer, Thilde
- Venue
- Health Care for Women International
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2018-03-20
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 13-32
- ISSN
- 0739-9332 (ISSN-L)
- 1096-4665
- OpenAlex
- W2791491017
- Semantic Scholar
- fb1b8547bf978df15c18be48da5847892cb83a73
- Cited by
- 52
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 9 · 2019: 3
- FWCI
- 2.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Health Care For Women International (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Sustainable Sanitation Ghana Project
- Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Danida (10-050KU)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Menstrual Health and Disorders
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender Studies and Social Issues
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Speech and Hearing › School Health and Nursing Education
- Keywords
- menstrual hygiene management, female students, sanitation, shame, discipline, secrecy, coping strategies, water and sanitation infrastructure, adolescent girls' health, menstrual stigma, peri-urban communities, Ghana
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Ghana, Humans, Hygiene, Interviews as Topic, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Menstruation, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sanitation, Shame, Students, Suburban Population, Toilet Facilities, Water Supply, Focus Groups
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