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Glucocorticoid Receptor Function In Vitro in Patients with Major Depression
Open accessAbstract
Clinical studies have demonstrated an impairment of glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-mediated negative feedback on the hypothalamic--pituitary--adrenal (HPA) axis in patients with major depression (GR resistance), and its resolution by antidepressant treatment. Interestingly, a number of studies have also demonstrated that GR function is reduced in vitro, in peripheral tissues of depressed patients, as shown by a decreased sensitivity to the effects of glucocorticoids on immune and metabolic functions. This paper reviews the in vitro studies that have examined GR function in patients with major depression, and the possible molecular mechanisms involved in GR resistance. Since several studies have demonstrated similar regulation of GR in the brain and in peripheral tissues in humans, and given limited access to brain GR in clinical populations, this review claims that in vitro studies are of particular relevance to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying GR abnormalities in patients with major depression and its regulation by antidepressant treatment.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Pariante, C. M.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Pariante, Carmine M.
- ORCID
- Pariante, Carmine M.
- Venue
- Stress
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2004-12
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 209-219
- ISSN
- 1025-3890 (ISSN-L)
- 1607-8888
- OpenAlex
- W2056750568
- Cited by
- 147
- References
- 100
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 3.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Stress (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression
- Rosetrees Trust
- Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Endocrinology › Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Keywords
- glucocorticoid receptor, major depressive disorder, glucocorticoid resistance, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, negative feedback, antidepressant treatment, peripheral tissues, immune function, metabolic function, molecular mechanisms
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Antidepressive Agents, Major Depressive Disorder, Humans, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Pituitary-Adrenal System, Receptors, Glucocorticoid
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