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Relationships between Flow, Self-Concept, Psychological Skills, and Performance
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to examine psychological factors of potential relevance to athletic flow experiences. A secondary purpose was to empirically examine the relationship between flow and optimal performance. Understanding factors that may be associated with flow will help to make this optimal mental state more accessible to researchers and practitioners. Self-concept and use of psychological skills were predicted to be related to self-reported flow states. Competitive athletes across three sports completed dispositional assessments of athletic self-concept, psychological skills, and flow. The athletes also completed a post-event flow assessment, as well as other questions relating to their performance, after a specified competitive event. Positive relationships were found between flow and aspects of self-concept, and the relationships between flow and psychological skills use were also in the expected directions. In addition, the predicted positive relationship between a post-event flow assessment and performance criteria was obtained. This study builds on earlier research that has investigated antecedents of flow, and contributes to the expanding knowledge base of psychological factors related to optimal experience and performance.
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“The experience of flow is associated with improved physical performance (Csikszentmihalyi 2000), including sport (Jackson et al. 2001).”
From Warming Up Body and Mind: Combined Cognitive and Exercise Priming Improves 1‐Mile Time Trial Performance in Recreational Runners (2026) · cites this paper as Jackson et al. 2001
In the citing paper
“Flow is facilitated when task demands are well matched to the performer's skill level and is linked to enhanced attentional control, motivation, enjoyment and performance in sport (Csikszentmihalyi 2000; Jackson et al. 2001).”
From Warming Up Body and Mind: Combined Cognitive and Exercise Priming Improves 1‐Mile Time Trial Performance in Recreational Runners (2026) · cites this paper as Jackson et al. 2001
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Metadata
- Authors
- Jackson, S. A., Thomas, P. R., Marsh, H. W., & Smethurst, C. J.
- ORCID
- Jackson, Susan A.
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Sport Psychology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2001-03
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 129-153
- ISSN
- 1041-3200 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-1571
- OpenAlex
- W1508182966
- Cited by
- 452
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 41 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 28
- FWCI
- 4.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Sport Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Research Bank (Australian Catholic University) (submittedVersion)
- Griffith Research Online (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Flow Experience in Various Fields
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Sport Psychology and Performance
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports
- Keywords
- self-concept, psychological skills, optimal performance, optimal experience, competitive athletes, dispositional flow, performance standards
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