Comparing Self-Regulatory Processes Among Novice, Non-Expert, and Expert Volleyball Players: A Microanalytic Study
Abstract
Differences in self-regulatory processes of 30 college women who were volleyball Experts, Non-Experts, or Novices were studied regarding overhand serving skill during a practice episode. It was hypothesized that Experts would display better goals, planning, strategy use, self-monitoring, self-evaluation, attributions, and adaptation than either Non-Experts or Novices. It was also hypothesized that Experts would display higher self-efficacy beliefs, perceived instrumentality, intrinsic interest, and self-satisfaction in volleyball serving than either Non-Experts or Novices. All hypotheses were supported. The combined 12 measures of self-regulation predicted 90 percent of the variance in the women's volleyball serving skill. The findings are discussed according to a three-phase model of self-regulation, and recommendations are made for future research.
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Kitsantas and Zimmerman (2002) compared college women that were experts and non-experts in volleyball, finding that the SRL skills predicted 90% variance in serving skills.
“Second, in a similar study, Kitsantas and Zimmerman (2002) compared college women that were experts and non-experts in volleyball, finding that the SRL skills predicted 90% variance in serving skills.”
From A Review of Self-regulated Learning: Six Models and Four Directions for Research (2017) · cites this paper as Kitsantas and Zimmerman (2002)
Cleary and Zimmerman (2001, 2012), Kitsantas and Zimmerman (2002), and DiBenedetto and Zimmerman (2010) developed microanalytic measures to assess the validity of the Cyclical Phases model.
“Third, Cleary and Zimmerman (2001, 2012), Kitsantas and Zimmerman (2002), DiBenedetto and Zimmerman (2010) developed microanalytic measures to assess the validity of the Cyclical Phases model.”
From A Review of Self-regulated Learning: Six Models and Four Directions for Research (2017) · cites this paper as Kitsantas and Zimmerman (2002)
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- Authors
- Kitsantas, A., & Zimmerman, B. J.
- Affiliations
- George Mason University (US)
- City University of New York (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Sport Psychology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2002-01
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 91-105
- ISSN
- 1041-3200 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-1571
- OpenAlex
- W2124946239
- Cited by
- 287
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 4.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Sport Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Sport Psychology and Performance
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Sports and Physical Education Research
- Keywords
- self-regulation, volleyball, skill acquisition, expertise, self-efficacy, self-monitoring, self-assessment, attribution, adaptation, goal setting, planning, strategy use, intrinsic interest, self-satisfaction, female athletes
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