The DOI matches its Crossref record; 14 of the 14 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Efficacy or inefficacy, that's the question: Burnout and work engagement, and their relationships with efficacy beliefs
Abstract
We challenge traditional view that lack of efficacy - measured with the corresponding reversed efficacy scale (Maslach Burnout Inventory, MBI) - is a burnout dimension. Instead, we claim that in addition to exhaustion and cynicism, inefficacy - measured with a newly developed scale - characterizes burnout. MBI-efficacy is apparently related to work engagement, considered as the positive antithesis of burnout. We performed Structural Equation Modeling in two samples of Spanish (n=239) and Dutch (n=235) university students, and two Spanish employee samples, working in various jobs (n=342) and working with information and communication technologies (n=283). Our expectations were largely confirmed: (1) compared with efficacy beliefs inefficacy beliefs relate more strongly to the other two burnout components; (2) the alternative three-factor burnout model including inefficacy fits better to the data than the traditional model including efficacy; (3) a model with inefficacy loading on burnout and efficacy loading on engagement fits the data. It is suggested that an inefficacy scale rather than a reversed efficacy scale should be used to assess burnout in future studies.
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Citations
Cites
Self-efficacy: The exercise of control
Bandura, A., Freeman, W. H., & Lightsey, R. (1999) · Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1891/0889-8391.13.2.158 · Cited by 46,835
Alternative Ways of Assessing Model Fit
Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1992) · Sociological Methods & Research · doi:10.1177/0049124192021002005 · Cited by 27,200
Comparative fit indexes in structural models.
Bentler, P. M. (1990) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.107.2.238 · Cited by 25,266
Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.397 · Cited by 12,852
Self-citationThe measurement of engagement and burnout: a two sample confirmatory factor analytic approach.
Schaufeli, W. B., Salanova, M., González-romá, V., & Bakker, A. B. (2002) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1023/a:1015630930326 · Cited by 10,014
Self-citationJob demands, job resources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement: a multi‐sample study
Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2004) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.248 · Cited by 9,297
Self-citationBurnout and Engagement in University Students: A Cross-National Study
Schaufeli, W. B., Martínez, I. M., Pinto, A. M., Salanova, M., & Bakker, A. B. (2002) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022022102033005003 · Cited by 3,418
Self-citationA meta-analytic examination of the correlates of the three dimensions of job burnout
Lee, R. T., & Ashforth, B. E. (1996) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.81.2.123 · Cited by 3,262 · cited 3×
“Based on nearly 50 studies, Lee and Ashforth (1996) observed an average correlation between exhaustion and depersonalization of .52, whereas correlations with professional efficacy were only .33 and .36, respectively.”
BackgroundInfluentialBurnout and work engagement among teachers
Hakanen, J. J., Bakker, A. B., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2006) · Journal of School Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jsp.2005.11.001 · Cited by 3,067
Self-citationGosling, S. D., Vazire, S., Srivastava, S., & John, O. P. (2004) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.59.2.93 · Cited by 2,932 · cited 1×
“However, Gosling, Vazire, Srinastava, and John ( 2004 ) argued convincingly that Internet-based findings are consistent with findings based on traditional methods (e.”
Result
Cited by
How changes in job demands and resources predict burnout, work engagement, and sickness absenteeism.
Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B., & Van Rhenen, W. (2009) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.595 · Cited by 2,059
Self-citationTeacher self-efficacy and teacher burnout: A study of relations
Skaalvik, E. M., & Skaalvik, S. (2010) · Teaching and Teacher Education · doi:10.1016/j.tate.2009.11.001 · Cited by 1,787
An appraisal perspective of teacher burnout: Examining the emotional work of teachers
Chang, M.-L. (2009) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-009-9106-y · Cited by 1,349
Hakanen, J. J., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2012) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2012.02.043 · Cited by 883
Self-citationBurnout Assessment Tool (BAT)—Development, Validity, and Reliability
Schaufeli, W. B., Desart, S., & De Witte, H. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17249495 · Cited by 759
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Metadata
- Authors
- Schaufeli, W. B., & Salanova, M.
- Venue
- Anxiety, Stress, & Coping
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2007-05-08
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 177-196
- ISSN
- 1061-5806 (ISSN-L)
- 1477-2205
- OpenAlex
- W2120676003
- Cited by
- 589
- References
- 14
- FWCI
- 18.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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