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Cited by 38Schizophrenia research and treatmentMental Health and PsychiatryAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

Specificity of jumping to conclusions and attributional biases: a comparison between patients with schizophrenia, depression, and anorexia nervosa

Wittorf, Andreas, Giel, Katrin E., Hautzinger, Martin, Rapp, Alexander, Schönenberg, Michael, Wolkenstein, Larissa, Zipfel, Stephan, Mehl, Stephanie +2 more·2012·Cognitive Neuropsychiatry
DOI 10.1080/13546805.2011.633749
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Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The knowledge of the specificity of cognitive biases in psychiatric disorders is important in order to develop disorder-specific cognitive models and therapies. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the specificity of jumping to conclusions (JTC) and attributional biases (AB) for patients with schizophrenia. METHODS: Twenty patients with paranoid schizophrenia were compared with patients with depression (n=20) and with anorexia nervosa (n=15) and nonclinical controls (n=55). All participants were administered a modified version of the beads task (JTC), a revised German version of the Internal, Personal, and Situational Attributions Questionnaire (AB), and several symptom and neurocognitive measures. RESULTS: The proportion of patients with JTC bias in the schizophrenia group was, at the descriptive level, higher than in the depression and the anorexia groups. Regarding AB, the schizophrenia group showed a significantly stronger externalising but not personalising bias than the clinical control groups. Neither JTC nor attributional biases were significantly associated with delusions in general or persecutory delusion. CONCLUSIONS: We found evidence for the specificity of an externalising bias for paranoid schizophrenia. Concerning JTC bias the evidence was less clear. Whether the modification of those biases through psychological interventions would have an effect on psychopathology should be investigated in the context of clinical trials.

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  • People with schizophrenia may also disregard evidence that contradicts their decision.

    “They might also ignore pieces of evidence that contradict that decision.”

    From Computational psychiatry: a Rosetta Stone linking the brain to mental illness (2014) · cites this paper as [6]

  • In uncertain decision settings, people with schizophrenia and delusions (or proneness to them) tend to rely on less information than people without schizophrenia.

    “When people with schizophrenia (who have or are prone to delusions) make decisions in an uncertain setting, they tend to draw on less information in reaching that decision than does a person without schizophrenia.”

    From Computational psychiatry: a Rosetta Stone linking the brain to mental illness (2014) · cites this paper as [6]

  • The JTC bias is not specific, and on its own it has very limited explanatory value.

    “However, although the bias is invoked in this way to explain delusions, it is not specific 6 and, alone, its explanatory value is very restricted.”

    From Computational psychiatry: a Rosetta Stone linking the brain to mental illness (2014) · cites this paper as [6]

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Authors
Wittorf, A., Giel, K. E., Hautzinger, M., Rapp, A., Schönenberg, M., Wolkenstein, L., Zipfel, S., Mehl, S., Fallgatter, A. J., & Klingberg, S.
Affiliations
  • University of Tübingen (DE)
  • Philipps University of Marburg (DE)
Corresponding author
Wittorf, Andreas
ORCID
Venue
Cognitive Neuropsychiatry
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2012-05
Volume
17
Issue
3
Pages
262-286
ISSN
  • 1354-6805 (ISSN-L)
  • 1464-0619
DOI
10.1080/13546805.2011.633749
OpenAlex
W1979515617
Cited by
38
References
73
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
FWCI
2.50
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Cognitive Neuropsychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords
jumping to conclusions, attribution bias, paranoid schizophrenia, depression, anorexia nervosa, cognitive biases, delusions, persecutory delusions, cognitive therapy
MeSH terms
Adult, Anorexia Nervosa, Attention, Cross-Sectional Studies, Delusions, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Schizophrenic Psychology, Sensitivity and Specificity

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