Learning by playing with generative AI: design and evaluation of a role-playing educational game with generative AI as scaffolding for instant feedback interaction
Abstract
In this study, an online contextualized educational game was designed to provide interactive simulated dialogues using generative AI scaffolding (using ChatPDF) in a contextualized game as scaffolding for immediate feedback, where learners can access guides and explore knowledge. This study analyzed learners’ behaviors while performing AI prompting in the interactive scaffolding, as well as learners’ psychological responses. A total of 59 students participated in this study. The results of the study showed that learners had significantly high flow and low activity anxiety in the game tasks, while game feedback and scaffolding usefulness had significant effects on learning aids. The generative AI instant feedback interactive scaffolding had a certain high percentage of direct answers or indirect suggestions, which is suitable for interactive scaffolding.
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- Authors
- Chien, C.-C., Chan, H.-Y., & Hou, H.-T.
- Affiliations
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (TW)
- Corresponding author
- Hou, Huei-Tse
- ORCID
- Hou, Huei-Tse
- Venue
- Journal of Research on Technology in Education
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2024-04-08
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 894-913
- ISSN
- 1539-1523 (ISSN-L)
- 1945-0818
- OpenAlex
- W4394582147
- Cited by
- 90
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 46 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 12
- FWCI
- 70.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Research on Technology in Education (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST-110-2511-H-011-004-MY3, MOST-111-2410-H-011-004-MY3)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Educational Games and Gamification
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Artificial Intelligence in Education
- Keywords
- immediate feedback, ChatPDF, AI prompting, flow experience, game feedback, online educational games, learning by playing
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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