Efficacy of Telehealth Treatments for Posttraumatic Stress-Related Symptoms: A Meta-Analysis
Abstract
This meta-analysis summarizes the findings of outcome research on the degree to which telehealth treatments reduce posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)-related symptoms. In a search of the literature, 13 studies were identified for inclusion in the meta-analysis and were coded for relevant variables. A total of 725 participants were included. Results indicate that telehealth treatments are associated with significant pre- to postreduction in PTSD symptoms (d = 0.99, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.87-1.11, p < .001), and result in superior treatment effects relative to a wait-list comparison condition (d = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.76-1.26, p < .001). However, no significant findings were obtained for telehealth intervention relative to a supportive counseling telehealth comparison condition (d = 0.11, 95% CI: - 0.38 to 0.60, p = .67), and telehealth intervention produced an inferior outcome relative to a face-to-face intervention (d = - 0.68, 95% CI: - 0.39 to - 0.98, p < .001). Findings for depression symptom severity outcome were generally consistent with those for PTSD outcome. Telehealth interventions produced a significant within-group effect size (d = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.86 to 1.10, p < .001) and superior effect relative to wait-list comparison condition (d = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.56-1.05, p < .001). Relative to face-to-face interventions, telehealth treatments produced comparable depression outcome effects (d = 0.13, 95% CI: - 0.55 to 0.28, p = .53). Taken together, these findings support the use of telehealth treatments for individuals with PTSD-related symptoms.
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Sample size was calculated based on recent research evaluating telemedical-based treatment of posttraumatic stress symptoms, assuming a moderate between-group effect at T1 (Cohen's d = 0.5), significance level α = 0.05, power 1-β = 0.90, yielding optimal n = 140; expecting 40% dropout, n = 94 additional, yielding ideal baseline n = 234.
“Anticipated sample size was calculated based on recent research evaluating the efficacy of telemedical-based treatment of posttraumatic stress symptoms [20, 21, 38].”
From HELP@APP: Development and evaluation of a self-help app for traumatized Syrian refugees in Germany- A study protocol of a randomized controlled trial (2019) · cites this paper as [21]
Two recent meta-analyses of internet-based interventions for posttraumatic stress reported medium to large effect-sizes with respect to a decrease in symptom severity.
“Two recent meta-analyses of internet-based interventions for posttraumatic stress reported medium to large effect-sizes with respect to a decrease in symptom severity [20, 21].”
From HELP@APP: Development and evaluation of a self-help app for traumatized Syrian refugees in Germany- A study protocol of a randomized controlled trial (2019) · cites this paper as [21]
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- Authors
- Sloan, D. M., Gallagher, M. W., Feinstein, B. A., Lee, D. J., & Pruneau, G. M.
- Affiliations
- Boston University (US)
- Stony Brook University (US)
- VA Boston Healthcare System (US)
- Corresponding author
- Sloan, Denise M.
- Venue
- Cognitive Behaviour Therapy
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2011-05-03
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 111-125
- ISSN
- 1650-6073 (ISSN-L)
- 1651-2316
- OpenAlex
- W2054867430
- Cited by
- 99
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 1.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Telemedicine and Telehealth Implementation
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Keywords
- telemedicine, post-traumatic stress disorder, posttraumatic stress symptoms, depression, treatment efficacy, face-to-face intervention, supportive counseling, remote psychotherapy
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Psychotherapy, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Treatment Outcome, Telemedicine
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