Cited by 194Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesPsychotherapy Techniques and Applications

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Exercise Augmentation of Exposure Therapy for PTSD: Rationale and Pilot Efficacy Data

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Powers, Mark B., Medina, Johnna L., Burns, Stephanie, Kauffman, Brooke Y., Monfils, Marie, Asmundson, Gordon J.G., Diamond, Allison, McIntyre, Christa, Smits, Jasper A.J.·2015·Cognitive Behaviour Therapy

DOI 10.1080/16506073.2015.1012740PMC PMC4464974

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Abstract

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is associated with synaptic plasticity, which is crucial for long-term learning and memory. Some studies suggest that people suffering from anxiety disorders show reduced BDNF relative to healthy controls. Lower BDNF is associated with impaired learning, cognitive deficits, and poor exposure-based treatment outcomes. A series of studies with rats showed that exercise elevates BDNF and enhances fear extinction. However, this strategy has not been tested in humans. In this pilot study, we randomized participants (N = 9, 8 females, M(Age) = 34) with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to (a) prolonged exposure alone (PE) or (b) prolonged exposure+exercise (PE+E). Participants randomized to the PE+E condition completed a 30-minute bout of moderate-intensity treadmill exercise (70% of age-predicted HR(max)) prior to each PE session. Consistent with prediction, the PE+E group showed a greater improvement in PTSD symptoms (d = 2.65) and elevated BDNF (d = 1.08) relative to the PE only condition. This pilot study provides initial support for further investigation into exercise augmented exposure therapy.

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Authors: Powers, M. B., Medina, J. L., Burns, S., Kauffman, B. Y., Monfils, M., Asmundson, G. J. G., Diamond, A., McIntyre, C., & Smits, J. A. J.
Affiliations: The University of Texas at Austin (US)
University of Regina (CA)
The University of Texas at Dallas (US)
Corresponding author: Powers, Mark B.
ORCID: Powers, Mark B.
Medina, Johnna L.
Monfils, Marie
Asmundson, Gordon J.G.
McIntyre, Christa
Smits, Jasper A.J.
Venue: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2015-02-23
Volume: 44
Issue: 4
Pages: 314-327
ISSN: 1650-6073 (ISSN-L)
1651-2316
DOI: 10.1080/16506073.2015.1012740
PMC: PMC4464974
OpenAlex: W1987008872
Cited by: 194
References: 120
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 8
FWCI: 19.04
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5r01da027533-04)
National Institute of Mental Health (R15MH099655, R01MH091147)
National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01-DA027533, F31DA036919, K01DA035930)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
Keywords: post-traumatic stress disorder, prolonged exposure therapy, physical activity, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, fear extinction, treadmill exercise, anxiety disorders, synaptic plasticity
MeSH terms: Adult, Combined Modality Therapy, Exercise Therapy, Female, Humans, Implosive Therapy, Male, Pilot Projects, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Exercise, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Young Adult

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Exercise Augmentation of Exposure Therapy for PTSD: Rationale and Pilot Efficacy Data

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