The effects of a hatha yoga intervention on facets of distress tolerance
Open accessAbstract
Individuals with low distress tolerance (DT) experience negative emotion as particularly threatening and are highly motivated to reduce or avoid such affective experiences. Consequently, these individuals have difficulty regulating emotions and tend to engage in maladaptive strategies, such as overeating, as a means to reduce or avoid distress. Hatha yoga encourages one to implement present-centered awareness and non-reaction in the face of physical and psychological discomfort and, thus, emerges as a potential strategy for increasing DT. To test whether a hatha yoga intervention can enhance DT, a transdiagnostic risk and maintenance factor, this study randomly assigned females high in emotional eating in response to stress (N = 52) either to an 8-week, twice-weekly hatha (Bikram) yoga intervention or to a waitlist control condition. Self-reported DT and emotional eating were measured at baseline, weekly during treatment, and 1-week post-treatment. Consistent with prediction, participants in the yoga condition reported greater increases in DT over the course of the intervention relative to waitlist participants (Cohen's d = .82). Also consistent with prediction, the reduction in emotional eating was greater for the yoga condition than the waitlist condition (Cohen's d = .92). Importantly, reductions distress absorption, a specific sub-facet of DT, accounted for 15% of the variance in emotional eating, a hallmark behavior of eating pathology and risk factor for obesity.
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Medina et al. showed that hatha yoga increased self-reported distress tolerance, which in turn led to less emotional eating, in a sample of women identified as having difficulty in this area.
“Medina et al. [23] showed that hatha yoga increased self-reported distress tolerance, which in turn led to less emotional eating, in a sample of women who were identified as having difficulty in this area.”
From A randomized controlled trial of yoga vs nonaerobic exercise for veterans with PTSD: Understanding efficacy, mechanisms of change, and mode of delivery (2021) · cites this paper as [23]
The DTS has been shown to be improved by Hatha yoga.
“and improved by Hatha yoga [23]”
From A randomized controlled trial of yoga vs nonaerobic exercise for veterans with PTSD: Understanding efficacy, mechanisms of change, and mode of delivery (2021) · cites this paper as [23]
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Carusotto, A. F., & Prall, J. M. (2022) · Journal of Yoga and Physiotherapy · doi:10.19080/jyp.2022.09.555770
Bajaj, S., & Basu‐Ray, I. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-99645-7.00009-3
Tobin, S. Y., Sherman, S. I., Bock, B. C., DUNSIGER, S. I., Thomas, J. G., Goldstein, S. P., & Unick, J. L. (2026) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/78973
COMPARISON OF ALEXITHYMIA AND DISTRESS TOLERANCE LEVELS IN ATHLETES AND NON-ATHLETES
Birgün, A., & Özen, G. (2026) · Ankara Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Yüksekokulu SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.33689/spormetre.1814697
Copeland, D. I., Giollabhui, N. M., Sylvia, L. G., Cetinkaya, D., Puzak, S. J., Hopkins, L. B., Streeter, C. C., Hoeppner, B. B., Uebelacker, L. A., Koontz, J., et al. (2026) · medRxiv · doi:10.64898/2026.07.01.26353530
Self-citationYoga-Based Somatic Avatar Training for Alexithymia: Improving Distress Tolerance in College StudentsPreprint
Reznicek, E., Ondrusek, A. R., Wang, W., & McChargue, D. E. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-11415292/v1
- Authors
- Medina, J., Hopkins, L., Powers, M., Baird, S. O., & Smits, J.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas at Austin (US)
- San Francisco VA Medical Center (US)
- Venue
- Cognitive Behaviour Therapy
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2015-05-08
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 288-300
- ISSN
- 1650-6073 (ISSN-L)
- 1651-2316
- PMC
- PMC4681579
- OpenAlex
- W1548582145
- Cited by
- 44
- References
- 67
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 6.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01da027533-04)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01-DA027533, F31DA036919, K01DA035930)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- hatha yoga, distress tolerance, emotional eating, stress, emotion regulation, eating pathology, transdiagnostic risk factors, Bikram yoga, mindfulness, obesity risk
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Exercise Therapy, Female, Humans, Hyperphagia, Stress, Psychological, Yoga, Young Adult
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