The DOI matches its Crossref record; 83 of the 83 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Carbohydrate feeding during exercise
Open accessAbstract
Carbohydrate ingestion can improve endurance capacity and performance. Since the 1980s, research has focused on optimizing the delivery strategies of these carbohydrates. The optimal dose of carbohydrate is still subject to debate, but recent evidence suggests that there may be a dose–response effect as long as the carbohydrate ingested is also oxidized and does not result in gastrointestinal distress. Oxidation rates of a single type of carbohydrate do not exceed 60 g·h−1. However, when multiple transportable carbohydrates are ingested (i.e. glucose and fructose), these oxidation rates can be increased significantly (up to 105 g·h−1). To achieve these high oxidation rates, carbohydrate needs to be ingested at high rates and this has often been associated with poor fluid delivery as well as gastrointestinal distress. However, it has been suggested that using multiple transportable carbohydrates may enhance fluid delivery compared with a single carbohydrate and may cause relatively little gastrointestinal distress. More research is needed to investigate the practical applications of some of the recent findings discussed in this review.
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“Interestingly, combinations of glucose and sucrose or maltodextrin and fructose have been reported to promote greater exogenous rates of carbohydrate oxidation when compared to situations when single sources of carbohydrate are ingested [55–63].”
From ISSN exercise & sports nutrition review update: research & recommendations (2018) · cites this paper as [56]
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“These studies generally indicate a ratio of 1–1.2 for maltodextrin to 0.8–1.0 fructose seems to support the greatest rates of carbohydrate oxidation during exercise.”
From ISSN exercise & sports nutrition review update: research & recommendations (2018) · cites this paper as [56]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
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“It is now well established that different types of carbohydrates can be oxidized at different rates in skeletal muscle due to the involvement of different transporter proteins that result in carbohydrate uptake [55–59].”
From ISSN exercise & sports nutrition review update: research & recommendations (2018) · cites this paper as [56]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
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“Most research has employed study designs that integrate some form of continuous aerobic exercise, and within these studies it has been consistently demonstrated that providing carbohydrate (230–350 mL of a 6–8% carbohydrate solution) at regular intervals (every 10–12 min) can optimize performance and maintain blood glucose levels [48, 49].”
From International society of sports nutrition position stand: nutrient timing (2017) · cites this paper as [49]
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Citations
Cites
Carbohydrate intake during exercise and performance
Jeukendrup, A. E. (2004) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2004.04.017 · Cited by 490
Self-citationCarbohydrate feeding during prolonged strenuous exercise can delay fatigue
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The bioenergetics of world class cycling
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Self-citationJEUKENDRUP, A. E., VET-JOOP, K., STURK, A., STEGEN, J. H. J. C., SENDEN, J., SARIS, W. H. M., & WAGENMAKERS, A. J. M. (2000) · Clinical Science · doi:10.1042/cs0980047 · Cited by 371
Self-citationFluid and carbohydrate ingestion independently improve performance during 1 h of intense exercise
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Oxidation of combined ingestion of glucose and fructose during exercise
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Self-citationJeukendrup, A. E., & Jentjens, R. (2000) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.2165/00007256-200029060-00004 · Cited by 279
Self-citationCarbohydrate-Electrolyte Feedings Improve 1 h Time Trial Cycling Performance
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Jeukendrup, A. E., & Burke, L. M. (2010) · Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.1002/9781444327779.ch18
Self-citationBahrami, S. (2019) · Health Research Journal · doi:10.29252/hrjbaq.4.1.23
The Influence Of A Whey Protein Preload Prior To Carbohydrate Consumption On Cycling Performance
Irvine, C., Sokoloski, M., Rowland, I., Gordon, R., & Ben-Ezra, V. (2020) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000671204.89803.e1
The Effect of Various Carbohydrate Concentrations Mouth Rinsing on Intermittent Running Performance
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Optimizing Nutrition for Exercise and Sports
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Cooper, R. G. (2013) · Greenwich Academic Literature Archive (University of Greenwich)
Regenerationsmanagement und Ernährung
Wiewelhove, T. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-69524-1_9
Nutrition in cricket: food for thought
Raghavan, R. (2026) · Precision Nutrition · doi:10.1097/pn9.0000000000000134
Pomportes, L. (2018) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/5b696972z0644z4b6fz88fez69d9b8cf6241
Metadata
- Authors
- Jeukendrup, A. E.
- Affiliations
- University of Birmingham (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Jeukendrup, Asker E.
- Venue
- European Journal of Sport Science
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2008-03
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 77-86
- ISSN
- 1536-7290 (ISSN-L)
- 1746-1391
- OpenAlex
- W2151105859
- Cited by
- 115
- References
- 82
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 3.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- European Journal of Sport Science (publishedVersion)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- Keywords
- carbohydrate intake, physical activity, endurance performance, carbohydrate oxidation, glucose, fructose, dose-response relationship, gastrointestinal distress, fluid delivery
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