The effect of carbohydrate mouth rinse on 1-h cycle time trial performance
Abstract
PURPOSE AND METHOD: To investigate the possible role of carbohydrate (CHO) receptors in the mouth in influencing exercise performance, seven male and two female endurance cyclists (VO(2max) 63.2 +/- 2.7 (mean +/- SE) mL.kg*(-1).min(-1)) completed two performance trials in which they had to accomplish a set amount of work as quickly as possible (914 +/- 40 kJ). On one occasion a 6.4% maltodextrin solution (CHO) was rinsed around the mouth for every 12.5% of the trial completed. On the other occasion, water (PLA) was rinsed. Subjects were not allowed to swallow either the CHO solution or water, and each mouthful was spat out after a 5-s rinse. RESULTS: Performance time was significantly improved with CHO compared with PLA (59.57 +/- 1.50 min vs 61.37 +/- 1.56 min, respectively, P = 0.011). This improvement resulted in a significantly higher average power output during the CHO compared with the PLA trial (259 +/- 16 W and 252 +/- 16 W, respectively, P = 0.003). There were no differences in heart rate or rating of perceived exertion (RPE) between the two trials (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The results demonstrate that carbohydrate mouth rinse has a positive effect on 1-h time trial performance. The mechanism responsible for the improvement in high-intensity exercise performance with exogenous carbohydrate appears to involve an increase in central drive or motivation rather than having any metabolic cause. The nature and role of putative CHO receptors in the mouth warrants further investigation.
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Carbohydrate feeding may improve exercise performance via non-metabolic effects through direct effects on the central nervous system.
“Such data suggest that CHO feeding may also improve exercise performance via non-metabolic effects but through direct effects on the central nervous system [44].”
From New strategies in sport nutrition to increase exercise performance (2016) · cites this paper as [44]
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- Authors
- CARTER, J. M., JEUKENDRUP, A. E., & JONES, D. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Birmingham (GB)
- Venue
- Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
- Published
- 2004-12
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 2107-2111
- ISSN
- 0195-9131 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2038127987
- Cited by
- 437
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 36 · 2013: 31 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 7.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- e-space (Manchester Metropolitan University) (submittedVersion)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- carbohydrate mouth rinse, maltodextrin, carbohydrate receptors, endurance cycling, time trial performance, exercise performance, central drive, motivation, output power, heart rate, rating of perceived exertion
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Bicycling, Female, Humans, Male, Motivation, Mouth, Mouthwashes, Oxygen Consumption, Physical Endurance, Polysaccharides, Single-Blind Method
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