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Cited by 108Motivation and Self-Concept in SportsSport Psychology and PerformanceCardiovascular and exercise physiology

The dual-mode theory of affective responses to exercise in metatheoretical context: II. Bodiless heads, ethereal cognitive schemata, and other improbable dualistic creatures, exercising

Ekkekakis, Panteleimon·2009·International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology
DOI 10.1080/17509840902829323
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Abstract

According to the Dual-Mode Theory, affective responses to exercise are influenced by the continuous interplay of cortically mediated cognitive processes (e.g., self-efficacy, self-presentational concerns, goals, attributions) and ascending interoceptive cues (e.g., ventilation, acidosis, core temperature). The relative importance of these two factors is hypothesized to shift systematically as a function of exercise intensity, with cognitive factors being the dominant determinants at intensities proximal to the lactate or ventilatory thresholds and interoceptive factors gaining salience at intensities that preclude the maintenance of a physiological steady state. The present review retraces the antecedents of the dual-mode notion in psychological theory. Emphasis is placed on variants of dualistic thought that focus on the ‘mind’ (cognition) as the chief determinant of affect and specifically on the theories of Schachter and Singer, Lazarus, Bandura, Neisser, and Leventhal and Everhart. The applications of these ideas within exercise psychology (i.e., the ‘mind over muscle’ assumption) are critically analyzed, laying the conceptual foundation for the necessity of dual-mode integrative models.

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Crossref · 10.1080/17509840902829323

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122 of 122 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • The predominance of cognitive factors is related to pleasurable sensations, whereas the predominance of interoceptive cues is related to unpleasant sensations.

    “The predominance of cognitive factors is related to pleasurable sensations, whereas the predominance of interoceptive cues is related to unpleasant sensations [11].”

    From Continuous and high-intensity interval training: Which promotes higher pleasure? (2013) · cites this paper as [11]

  • It has been hypothesized that cognitive factors predominate at intensities below the metabolic threshold and that interoceptive cues predominate at intensities above the metabolic threshold.

    “It has been hypothesized that cognitive factors predominate at intensities below the metabolic threshold and that interoceptive cues predominate at intensities above the metabolic threshold [11].”

    From Continuous and high-intensity interval training: Which promotes higher pleasure? (2013) · cites this paper as [11]

  • The Dual-Mode Theory is widely recognized for CT but has not previously been demonstrated for HIT.

    “This theory is widely recognized for CT but has not previously been demonstrated for HIT.”

    From Continuous and high-intensity interval training: Which promotes higher pleasure? (2013) · cites this paper as [11]

  • Following the Dual-Mode Theory, interoceptive factors seem to negatively influence affective responses to activities with intensities above the metabolic threshold.

    “Following the Dual-Mode Theory, interoceptive factors seem to negatively influence affective responses to activities with intensities above the metabolic threshold [11].”

    From Continuous and high-intensity interval training: Which promotes higher pleasure? (2013) · cites this paper as [11]

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Authors
Ekkekakis, P.
Venue
International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2009-09
Volume
2
Issue
2
Pages
139-160
ISSN
  • 1750-984X (ISSN-L)
  • 1750-9858
DOI
10.1080/17509840902829323
OpenAlex
W2086455383
Cited by
108
References
122
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
FWCI
1.73
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Sport Psychology and Performance
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
Keywords
affective responses to exercise, exercise intensity, interoception, cognitive processes, self-efficacy, self-presentation, cognitive appraisal, appraisal theory, Bandura, Lazarus, lactate threshold, ventilatory threshold

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