armadillo, bazooka, and stardust are critical for early stages in formation of the zonula adherens and maintenance of the polarized blastoderm epithelium in Drosophila.
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Cellularization of the Drosophila embryo results in the formation of a cell monolayer with many characteristics of a polarized epithelium. We have used antibodies specific to cellular junctions and nascent plasma membranes to study the formation of the zonula adherens (ZA) in relation to the establishment of basolateral membrane polarity. The same approach was then used as a test system to identify X-linked zygotically active genes required for ZA formation. We show that ZA formation begins during cellularization and that the basolateral membrane domain is established at mid-gastrulation. By creating deficiencies for defined regions of the X chromosome, we have identified genes that are required for the formation of the ZA and the generation of basolateral membrane polarity. We show that embryos mutant for both stardust (sdt) and bazooka (baz) fail to form a ZA. In addition to the failure to establish the ZA, the formation of the monolayered epithelium is disrupted after cellularization, resulting in formation of a multilayered cell sheet by mid-gastrulation. SEM analysis of mutant embryos revealed a conversion of cells exhibiting epithelial characteristics into cells exhibiting mesenchymal characteristics. To investigate how mutations that affect an integral component of the ZA itself influence ZA formation, we examined embryos with reduced maternal and zygotic supply of wild-type Arm protein. These embryos, like embryos mutant for both sdt and baz, exhibit an early disruption of ZA formation. These results suggest that early stages in the assembly of the ZA are critical for the stability of the polarized blastoderm epithelium.
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Experiments in Drosophila have shown that mutations in junctional proteins affect junction formation and disturb epithelial polarity, and polarity mutants affect junction formation.
“Indeed, experiments in Drosophila have shown that mutations in junctional proteins not only affect junction formation but also disturb epithelial polarity, whereas polarity mutants have a profound effect on junction formation as well (Cox et al, 1996;Muller and Wieschaus, 1996;Tanentzapf et al, 2000).”
From E‐cadherin is essential for in vivo epidermal barrier function by regulating tight junctions (2005) · cites this paper as Muller and Wieschaus, 1996
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- Authors
- Müller, H. A., & Wieschaus, E.
- Affiliations
- Princeton University (US)
- Venue
- The Journal of cell biology
- Publisher
- Rockefeller University Press
- Published
- 1996-07-01
- Volume
- 134
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 149-163
- ISSN
- 0021-9525 (ISSN-L)
- 1540-8140
- PMC
- PMC2120925
- OpenAlex
- W2136032801
- Cited by
- 384
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 4.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-sa
- Locations
- The Journal of Cell Biology (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01hd022780-14)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (5R01HD22780)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Immunology and Allergy › Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Keywords
- adherens junctions, epithelial polarity, cellularization, armadillos, Bazooka, stardust, X-linked genes, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, Drosophila embryo, cell junctions
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Blastoderm, Cell Adhesion, Chromosome Mapping, Drosophila melanogaster, Epithelial Cells, Gastrula, Intercellular Junctions, Membrane Glycoproteins, Proteins, Transcription Factors, X Chromosome, Trans-Activators, Cell Polarity, Genes, Insect, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect, Drosophila Proteins, Armadillo Domain Proteins
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