Adaptation of core mechanisms to generate cell polarity
Open accessAbstract
Cell polarity is defined as asymmetry in cell shape, protein distributions and cell functions. It is characteristic of single-cell organisms, including yeast and bacteria, and cells in tissues of multi-cell organisms such as epithelia in worms, flies and mammals. This diversity raises several questions: do different cell types use different mechanisms to generate polarity, how is polarity signalled, how do cells react to that signal, and how is structural polarity translated into specialized functions? Analysis of evolutionarily diverse cell types reveals that cell-surface landmarks adapt core pathways for cytoskeleton assembly and protein transport to generate cell polarity.
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Studies in lower organisms and mammalian cell cultures have identified a central role for E-cadherin in coordinating the establishment of apico-basolateral polarity with the formation of AJs, desmosomes, and TJs.
“Studies in lower organisms and mammalian cell cultures have identified a central role for E-cadherin in coordinating the establishment of apico–basolateral polarity with the formation of AJs, desmosomes, and TJs1, 9.”
From E-cadherin integrates mechanotransduction and EGFR signaling to control junctional tissue polarization and tight junction positioning (2017) · cites this paper as [1]
Apico-basolateral polarity promotes the asymmetric positioning of intercellular junctions and the cytoskeleton within the cell to drive functional barrier formation in simple epithelia.
“For example, apico–basolateral polarity promotes the asymmetric positioning of intercellular junctions and the cytoskeleton within the cell to drive functional barrier formation in simple epithelia1”
From E-cadherin integrates mechanotransduction and EGFR signaling to control junctional tissue polarization and tight junction positioning (2017) · cites this paper as [1]
The Par3/Par6/aPKC complex localizes to the apical junctional complex in Drosophila and to tight junctions in mammalian epithelial cells.
“One of these polarity complexes consists of the Par3/ Par6/atypicalPKC (aPKC) complex, which localizes to the apical junctional complex in Drosophila and to tight junctions in mammalian epithelial cells (Nelson, 2003).”
From E‐cadherin is essential for in vivo epidermal barrier function by regulating tight junctions (2005) · cites this paper as Nelson, 2003
Junctional complex assembly coincides with the establishment of cell polarity and enrichment of polarity protein complexes at cell junctions.
“This junctional complex assembly coincides with the establishment of cell polarity and enrichment at the cell junctions of several protein complexes known to be essential for polarity, suggesting an intimate relationship between junction formation and polarity (Nelson, 2003).”
From E‐cadherin is essential for in vivo epidermal barrier function by regulating tight junctions (2005) · cites this paper as Nelson, 2003
The ability to initiate and maintain cell-cell contacts is considered key to this E-cadherin function.
“The ability to initiate and maintain cell-cell contacts is considered key to this E-cadherin function (Nelson, 2003).”
From E‐cadherin is essential for in vivo epidermal barrier function by regulating tight junctions (2005) · cites this paper as Nelson, 2003
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- Authors
- Nelson, W. J.
- Affiliations
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Nelson, W. James
- ORCID
- Nelson, W. James
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2003-04
- Volume
- 422
- Issue
- 6933
- Pages
- 766-774
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- PMC
- PMC3373010
- OpenAlex
- W2128680169
- Cited by
- 716
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 46
- FWCI
- 3.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM035527)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
- Keywords
- cell polarity, cytoskeletal assembly, protein trafficking, epithelial cells
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cytoskeleton, Epithelial Cells, Mitosis, Signal Transduction, Cell Polarity, Protein Transport, Cell Size
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