Degradation of the epidermal-dermal junction by proteolytic enzymes from human skin and human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
Open accessAbstract
The degradation of normal human skin by the human polymorphonuclear leukocyte proteinases cathepsin G and elastase, and by a human skin chymotrypsin-like proteinase that appears to be a mast cell constituent, was examined. Enzymes were incubated with fresh, split-thickness skin for up to 8 h; the tissue was examined ultrastructurally and immunohistochemically using antibodies to known basement membrane constituents. In all cases, the primary damage observed was at the epidermal-dermal junction. Elastase degraded the lamina densa leaving scattered and disorganized anchoring fibrils, dermal microfibril bundles, and normal-appearing collagen fibers. Immunohistochemically, type IV collagen, laminin, KF1 antigen, and EBA antigen were absent. The bullous pemphigoid antigen was present and localized on the basal cells. Epidermal-dermal separation produced by the chymotrypsin-like proteinases, cathepsin G, and the human skin proteinase, was confined to the lamina lucida. The lamina densa and sub-lamina densa fibrillar network remained intact. The human skin chymotrypsin-like proteinase produced extensive epidermal-dermal separation, while cathepsin G, at comparable concentrations, produced only focal separations. Immunohistochemically, all antigens were present after incubation with enzyme. The bullous pemphigoid antigen, however, was found on the epidermal side of the split, while laminin was found on the dermal side. These results show that the epidermal-dermal junction is highly susceptible to neutral serine proteinases located in mast cells and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Although all the proteinases produce epidermal-dermal separation, the patterns and extent of degradation are different. The distinctive patterns of degradation may provide a clue to the involvement of these proteinases in skin diseases.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Neutrophil proteases can degrade ECM and proteins important for repair.
“For example, neutrophil proteases can degrade ECM as well as the proteins important for repair, e.g., clotting factors, complement, cytokines and immunoglobulin [66, 67]; they produce free oxygen radicals resulting in oxidative stress, which further damage tissue and delay healing [67].”
From Transition from inflammation to proliferation: a critical step during wound healing (2016) · cites this paper as [66]
The Discussion (p. 1040) reports that human leukocyte elastase can dissolve the epidermal–dermal junction, supporting degradation of extracellular-matrix structures. The paper does not report degradation of the listed repair-related proteins—clotting factors, complement, cytokines, or immunoglobulins. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredNeutrophil-derived proteases such as elastase and matrix metalloproteinases can degrade healthy extracellular matrix, and increased levels of these proteases have been repeatedly detected in chronic wounds.
“neutrophil-derived proteases, such as elastase and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), can degrade healthy extracellular matrix (ECM), and increased levels of these proteases have been repeatedly detected in chronic wounds [52–56].”
From Immunology of Wound Healing (2018) · cites this paper as [52]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Processing of Adenovirus 2-Induced Proteins
Anderson, C. W., Baum, P. R., & Gesteland, R. F. (1973) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.12.2.241-252.1973 · Cited by 755 · see citing works
Stanley, J. R., Hawley‐Nelson, P., Yuspa, S. H., Shevach, E. M., & Katz, S. I. (1981) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(81)90115-x · Cited by 631 · see citing works
Nakajima, K., Powers, J. C., Ashe, B. M., & Zimmerman, M. D. (1979) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)50690-6 · Cited by 595 · see citing works
Foidart, J., Bere, E., Yaar, M., Rennard, S. I., Gullino, M., Martin, G. R., & Katz, S. (1980) · PubMed · Cited by 550 · see citing works
Human leukocyte granule elastase: rapid isolation and characterization
Baugh, R. J., & Travis, J. W. (1976) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi00649a017 · Cited by 541 · see citing works
Laminin receptor on human breast carcinoma cells.
Terranova, V. P., Rao, C. N., Kalebic, T., Margulies, I., & Liotta, L. A. (1983) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.80.2.444 · Cited by 414 · see citing works
Briggaman, R. A., & Wheeler, C. E. (1975) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12598050 · Cited by 383 · see citing works
Self-citationMainardi, C. L., Dixit, S. N., & Kang, A. H. (1980) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)70805-9 · Cited by 278 · see citing works
Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita: Ultrastructural and Immunological Studies
Yaoita, H., Briggaman, R. A., Lawley, T. J., Provost, T. T., & Katz, S. I. (1981) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12526124 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Self-citationHolubar, K., Wolff, K., Konrad, K., & Beutner, E. H. (1975) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12510658 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Structural studies on human type IV collagen.
Sage, H., Woodbury, R. G., & BORNSTEIN, P. K. (1979) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)83601-3 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita
Nieboer, C., Boorsma, D. M., Woerdeman, M. J., & Kalsbeek, G. L. (1980) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1980.tb06550.x · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Localization of The Collagenous Component in Skin Basement Membrane
Yaoita, H., Foidart, J., & Katz, S. I. (1978) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12541313 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
FORMATION AND ORIGIN OF BASAL LAMINA AND ANCHORING FIBRILS IN ADULT HUMAN SKIN
Briggaman, R. A., Dalldorf, F. G., & Wheeler, C. E. (1971) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.51.2.384 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Self-citationStarkey, P. M., & Barrett, A. J. (1976) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj1550255 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Schaumburg‐Lever, G., Rule, A. H., Schmidt-Ullrich, B., & Lever, W. F. (1975) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12540902 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Isolation of Elastase-Like and Chymotrypsin-Like Neutral Proteases from Human Granulocytes
Schmidt, W., & HAVEMANN, K. (1974) · Hoppe-Seyler´s Zeitschrift für physiologische Chemie · doi:10.1515/bchm2.1974.355.2.1077 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Laminin — a multifunctional protein of basement membranes
Timpl, R., Engel, J., & Martin, G. R. (1983) · Trends in Biochemical Sciences · doi:10.1016/0968-0004(83)90213-x · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Schechter, N. M., Fräki, J. E., Geesin, J. C., & Lazarus, G. S. (1983) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)32816-3 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Self-citationMonoclonal Antibodies to Anchoring Fibrils for the Diagnosis of Epidermolysis Bullosa
Goldsmith, L. A., & Briggaman, R. A. (1983) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12522669 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Self-citationCrouch, E. C., Sage, H., & BORNSTEIN, P. K. (1980) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.77.2.745 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Structure, specificity and localization of the serine proteases of connective tissue
Woodbury, R. G., & Neurath, H. (1980) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/0014-5793(80)81112-4 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
The Role of The Human Neutrophil in the Inflammatory Reaction
Olsson, I., & Venge, P. (1980) · Allergy · doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1980.tb01711.x · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Sage, H., Pritzl, P., & BORNSTEIN, P. K. (1981) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi00516a017 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Ultrastructural Studies of Experimental Vesiculation. II. Collagenase*
Kahl, F. R., & Pearson, R. W. (1967) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1038/jid.1967.189 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Differential proteolytic susceptibility of laminin alpha and beta subunits
Rao, C. N., Margulies, I., Goldfarb, R. H., Madri, J. A., Woodley, D. T., & Liotta, L. A. (1982) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1016/0003-9861(82)90134-5 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Fr�ki, J. E., & Hopsu-Havu, V. K. (1975) · Archives of Dermatological Research · doi:10.1007/bf00561152 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
A Unique Epithelial Basement Membrane Antigen Defined by a Monoclonal Antibody (KF-1)
Breathnach, S. M., Fox, P. A., Neises, G. R., Stanley, J. R., & Katz, S. I. (1983) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12553200 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Ultrastructural studies of newborn rat epidermis after trypsinization
Fukuyama, K., Black, M. M., & Epstein, W. L. (1974) · Journal of Ultrastructure Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-5320(74)80057-2 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Anchoring of Basal Lamina to Elastic Fibers by Elastic Fibrils
Kobayasi, T. (1977) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12496956 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Scaletta, L. J., & MacCallum, D. K. (1974) · American Journal of Anatomy · doi:10.1002/aja.1001400306 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Monoclonal Antibodies to Normal and Abnormal Epithelial Antigens
Goldsmith, L. A., & Briggaman, R. A. (2015) · Current problems in dermatology · doi:10.1159/000408660 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationMode of Dermal-Epidermal Adhesion
Omar, A., & Krebs, A. (2009) · Dermatologica · doi:10.1159/000251453 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Transition from inflammation to proliferation: a critical step during wound healing
Landén, N. X., Li, D., & Ståhle, M. (2016) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-016-2268-0 · Cited by 1,980 · see citing works
“, clotting factors, complement, cytokines and immunoglobulin [66, 67]; they produce free oxygen radicals resulting in oxidative stress, which further damage tissue and delay healing [67].”
BackgroundInflammation and wound healing: the role of the macrophage
Koh, T. J., & DiPietro, L. A. (2011) · Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1017/s1462399411001943 · Cited by 1,667 · see citing works
Ellis, S., Lin, E. J., & Tartar, D. (2018) · Current Dermatology Reports · doi:10.1007/s13671-018-0234-9 · Cited by 625 · see citing works
Neutrophils and Wound Repair: Positive Actions and Negative Reactions
Wilgus, T. A., Roy, S., & McDaniel, J. C. (2013) · Advances in Wound Care · doi:10.1089/wound.2012.0383 · Cited by 616 · see citing works
Accelerated wound closure in neutrophil-depleted mice
Dovi, J. V., He, L.-K., & DiPietro, L. A. (2003) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1189/jlb.0802406 · Cited by 525 · see citing works
Wiedow, O., Schröder, J. M., Gregory, H., Young, J. A., & Christophers, E. (1990) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)77182-2 · Cited by 433 · see citing works
Ashcroft, G. S., Greenwell-Wild, T., Horan, M. A., Wahl, S. M., & Ferguson, M. W. J. (1999) · The American Journal of Pathology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9440(10)65217-0 · Cited by 420 · see citing works
The Healing Power of Neutrophils.
Phillipson, M., & Kubes, P. (2019) · Trends in immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2019.05.001 · Cited by 345 · see citing works
Pejler, G., Åbrink, M., Ringvall, M., & Wernersson, S. (2007) · Advances in immunology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2776(07)95006-3 · Cited by 324 · see citing works
Acute Inflammation in Tissue Healing
Soliman, A. M., & Barreda, D. R. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24010641 · Cited by 284 · see citing works
Neutrophil function in the healing wound: adding insult to injury?
Dovi, J., Szpaderska, A., & DiPietro, L. (2004) · Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1160/th03-11-0720 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Lavker, R. M., & Kligman, A. M. (1988) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12456193 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Syndecans, Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans, Maintain the Proteolytic Balance of Acute Wound Fluids
Kainulainen, V., Wang, H., Schick, C., & Bernfield, M. R. (1998) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.273.19.11563 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
A critical role for neutrophil elastase in experimental bullous pemphigoid
Liu, Z., Shapiro, S. D., Zhou, X., Twining, S. S., Senior, R. M., Giudice, G. J., Fairley, J. A., & Diaz, L. A. (2000) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci3693 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
The mast cell and mast cell disease
Longley, J. B., Duffy, T. P., & Kohn, S. R. (1995) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · doi:10.1016/0190-9622(95)90336-4 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Powers, J. C., Tanaka, T., Harper, J. W., Minematsu, Y., Barker, L. N., Lincoln, D., Crumley, K. V., Fräki, J. E., & Schechter, N. M. (1985) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi00329a037 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Self-citationMonoclonal antibody GB3, a new probe for the study of human basement membranes and hemidesmosomes
Verrando, P., Hsi, B., Yeh, C. G., Pisani, A., Serieys, N., & Ortonne, J. P. (1987) · Experimental Cell Research · doi:10.1016/0014-4827(87)90121-2 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita
Gupta, R., Woodley, D. T., & Chen, M. (2011) · Clinics in Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2011.03.011 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Mast Cell Proteases as Protective and Inflammatory Mediators
Caughey, G. H. (2011) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-9533-9_12 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Douaiher, J., Succar, J., Lancerotto, L., Gurish, M. F., Orgill, D. P., Hamilton, M. J., Krilis, S. A., & Stevens, R. L. (2014) · Advances in immunology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800267-4.00006-7 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
He, S., & Walls, A. F. (1998) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0702223 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Mast cells in asthma – state of the art
Bradding, P., & Arthur, G. K. (2015) · Clinical & Experimental Allergy · doi:10.1111/cea.12675 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Toru, H., Eguchi, M., Matsumoto, R., Yanagida, M., Yata, J., & Nakahata, T. (1998) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.v91.1.187 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Šali, A., Matsumoto, R., McNeil, H. P., Karplus, M., & Stevens, R. L. (1993) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)52973-2 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Armbrust, T., Batusic, D. S., Ringe, B., & Ramadori, G. P. (1997) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/s0168-8278(97)80113-4 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Maggot excretions/secretions inhibit multiple neutrophil pro-inflammatory responses
van der Plas, M. J. A., van der Does, A. M., Baldry, M., Dogterom-Ballering, H. C. M., Gulpen, C. V., van Dissel, J. T., Nibbering, P. H., & Jukema, G. N. (2007) · Microbes and Infection · doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2007.01.008 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Grinnell, F., & Zhu, M. (1994) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12392625 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
佐山, 重., Iozzo, R. V., Lazarus, G. S., & Schechter, N. M. (1987) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)48317-2 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Self-citationSchalkwijk, J., Chang, A., JANSSEN, P., de Jongh, G. J., & MIER, P. D. (1990) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb07285.x · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Clinical features and diagnosis of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita
Vorobyev, A., Ludwig, R. J., & Schmidt, E. (2016) · Expert Review of Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1080/1744666x.2016.1221343 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Immunohistochemical Localization of SKALP/Elafin in Psoriatic Epidermis
Schalkwijk, J., VLIJMEN, I. M. J. J., Alkemade, J. A. C., & de Jongh, G. J. (1993) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12471990 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
van der Plas, M. J. A., van Dissel, J. T., & Nibbering, P. H. (2009) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008071 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Giannopoulou, C., Andersen, E., Demeurisse, C., & Cimasoni, G. (1992) · Journal of Dental Research · doi:10.1177/00220345920710020301 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
van der Plas, M. J. A., Baldry, M., van Dissel, J. T., Jukema, G. N., & Nibbering, P. H. (2009) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-009-1432-6 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Lesional Elastase Activity in Psoriasis, Contact Dermatitis, and Atopic Dermatitis
Wiedow, O., Wiese, F., Streit, V., Kalm, C., & Christophers, E. (1992) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12616644 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Natural Polymer‐Based Materials for Wound Healing Applications
Ho, T. T., Tran, H. A., Doan, V. K., Maitz, J., Li, Z., Wise, S. G., Lim, K. S., & Rnjak‐Kovacina, J. (2024) · Advanced NanoBiomed Research · doi:10.1002/anbr.202300131 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Identification and Partial Characterization
Wintroub, B. U., Kaempfer, C. E., Schechter, N. M., & Proud, D. (1986) · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Self-citationEpidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita
Kim, G. H., Chen, M., Hallel‐Halevy, D., & Woodley, D. T. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-211-99225-8_6 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Tryptase and chymase, markers of distinct types of human mast cells
Craig, S. S., & Schwartz, L. B. (1989) · Immunologic Research · doi:10.1007/bf02919075 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita: Autoimmunity to anchoring fibril collagen
Chen, M., Kim, G. H., Prakash, L., & Woodley, D. T. (2011) · Autoimmunity · doi:10.3109/08916934.2011.606450 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Putative roles of inflammation in the dermatopathology of sulfur mustard
Cowan, F. M., & Broomfield, C. A. (1993) · Cell Biology and Toxicology · doi:10.1007/bf00755599 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Histopathology of Anti-p200 Pemphigoid
Rosé, C., Weyers, W., Denisjuk, N., Hillen, U., Zillikens, D., & Shimanovich, I. (2007) · American Journal of Dermatopathology · doi:10.1097/dad.0b013e31803326e6 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Bullous eruption of systemic lupus erythematosus: a clinicopathological study of four cases
Burrows, N., Bhogal, B. S., Black, M. M., Rustin, M. H. A., Ishida‐Yamamoto, A., Kirtschig, G., & Jones, R. R. (1993) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb00180.x · Cited by 62 · see citing works
A human lung mast cell chymotrypsin-like enzyme. Identification and partial characterization.
Wintroub, B. U., Kaempfer, C. E., Schechter, N. M., & Proud, D. (1986) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci112276 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Self-citationMast cells and their role in urticaria
Schwartz, L. B. (1991) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · doi:10.1016/s0190-9622(08)80468-9 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
The induction of a prolonged increase in microvascular permeability by human mast cell chymase
He, S., & Walls, A. F. (1998) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(98)00343-4 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Rubinstein, I., Nadel, J. A., Graf, P. D., & Caughey, G. H. (1990) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci114744 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Benyon, R. C. (1989) · Clinical & Experimental Allergy · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02402.x · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Fine, J., Tyring, S. K., & Gammon, W. R. (1989) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep13070463 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Equine cutaneous mastocytoma: morphology, biological behaviour and evolution of the lesion
McEntee, M. F. (1991) · Journal of Comparative Pathology · doi:10.1016/s0021-9975(08)80100-4 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Neutrophil heterogeneity and plasticity: unveiling the multifaceted roles in health and disease
He, W., Yan, L., Hu, D., Hao, J., Liou, Y., & Luo, G. (2025) · MedComm · doi:10.1002/mco2.70063 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Caughey, G. H., Viro, N. F., Lazarus, S. C., & Nadel, J. A. (1988) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology · doi:10.1016/0167-4838(88)90109-4 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Alexeev, V. Y., Salas-Alanis, J. C., Francis Palisson, E., Mukhtarzada, L., Fortuna, G., Uitto, J., South, A. P., & Igoucheva, O. (2017) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.jid.2017.07.002 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Human Leukocyte Elastase Induces Keratinocyte Proliferation In Vitro and In Vivo
Rogalski, C., Meyer‐Hoffert, U., Proksch, E., & Wiedow, O. (2002) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1046/j.0022-202x.2001.01650.x · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Underwood, R. A., Usui, M. L., Zhao, G., Hauch, K. D., Takeno, M. M., Ratner, B. D., Marshall, A. J., Shi, X., Olerud, J. E., & Fleckman, P. (2011) · Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A · doi:10.1002/jbm.a.33125 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Human Neutrophil Elastase Phosphonic Inhibitors with Improved Potency of Action
Winiarski, Ł., Oleksyszyn, J., & Sieńczyk, M. (2012) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jm300599x · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Ranieri, G., Ammendola, M., Marech, I., Laterza, A., Abbate, I., Oakley, C., Vacca, A., Sacco, R., & Gadaleta, C. D. (2015) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i19.6018 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Huttunen, M., & Harvima, I. T. (2005) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06428.x · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Kaminska, R., Helisalmi, P., Harvima, R. J., Horsmanheimo, M., Harvima, I. T., & Naukkarinen, A. (1999) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1046/j.1523-1747.1999.00738.x · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Elastase, a marker for neutrophils in skin infiltrates
Lammers, A. M., van de Kerkhof, P. C. M., SCHALWIJK, J., & MIER, P. D. (1986) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb05715.x · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Dannenberg, A. M., Pula, P. J., Liu, L. H., Harada, S., Tanaka, F., Vogt, R. F., Kajiki, A., & 樋口, 和. (1985) · PubMed Central · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Panwar, P., Hedtke, T., Heinz, A., Andrault, P.-M., Hoehenwarter, W., Granville, D., Schmelzer, C., & Brömme, D. (2020) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - General Subjects · doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129544 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Mast Cells: Accessory Cells Which Potentiate Fibrosis
Gruber, B. L. (1995) · International Reviews of Immunology · doi:10.3109/08830189509056717 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Schechter, N. M., Slavin, D., Fetter, R. D., Lazarus, G. S., & Fräki, J. E. (1988) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1016/0003-9861(88)90185-3 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Self-citationTu, J., Li, W., Hansbro, P. M., Qi, Y., Bai, X., Donovan, C., Kim, R., Galvão, I., Das, A., Cao, Y., et al. (2023) · Molecular Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.06.010 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Alkemade, H. A. C., Jongh, G. J. D., Arnold, W. P., van de Kerkhof, P. C. M., & Schalkwijk, J. (1995) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12612749 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Acquired perforating collagenosis: is it due to damage by scratching?
Theile-Oche, S., Schneider, L.-A., Reinhold, K., Hunzelmann, N., Krieg, T. M., & Scharffetter‐Kochanek, K. (2001) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04309.x · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Bullous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus
Rappersberger, K., Tschachler, E., Tani, M., & Wolff, K. (1989) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · doi:10.1016/s0190-9622(89)70249-8 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Diaconu, N., Kaminska, R., Naukkarinen, A., Harvima, R. J., & Harvima, I. (2007) · Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology · doi:10.1111/j.1468-3083.2006.02100.x · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Interleukin-1β stimulates fibroblast elastase activity
Croute, F., DELAPORTE, E., Bonnefoy, J., Fertin, C., Thivolet, J., & Nicolas, J. (1991) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb04946.x · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Wozel, G., Chang, A., Zultak, M., Czarnetzki, B. M., Happle, R., Barth, J., & van de Kerkhof, P. C. M. (1991) · Archives of Dermatological Research · doi:10.1007/bf00372055 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
The Structure and Airway Biology of Mast Cell Proteinases
Caughey, G. H. (1991) · American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1165/ajrcmb/4.5.387 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
The Diverse Effects of Mast Cell Mediators
Hines, C. (2002) · Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology · doi:10.1385/criai:22:2:149 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Bankova, L. G., Walter, J. E., Iyengar, S. R., Lorenzo, M. E., Hornick, J. L., & Castells, M. (2012) · The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology In Practice · doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2012.08.008 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Extracellular Localization of Human Connective Tissue Mast Cell Granule Contents
Kaminer, M. S., Lavker, R. M., Walsh, L. J., Whitaker, D., & Zweiman, B. (1990) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12475169 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Mediators of allergic inflammation in the skin
Zweiman, B. (1988) · Clinical & Experimental Allergy · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1988.tb02892.x · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Matrix metalloproteinase gelatinases in sulfur mustard-induced acute airway injury in guinea pigs
Calvet, J., Planus, E., Rouet‐Benzineb, P., Pezet, S., Levame, M., Lafuma, C., HARF, A., & d’Ortho, M. (1999) · American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajplung.1999.276.5.l754 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Engmann, J., Rüdrich, U., Behrens, G. M. N., Papakonstantinou, E., Gehring, M., Kapp, A., & Raap, U. (2016) · Acta Dermato Venereologica · doi:10.2340/00015555-2581 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Wound Healing of the Ocular Surface
Tervo, T. T., van Setten, G. B., Päällysaho, T., Tarkkanen, A. H. A., & Tervo, K. (1992) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.3109/07853899209164141 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
The role of complement-derived mediators in inflammatory skin diseases
Tagami, H. (1992) · Archives of Dermatological Research · doi:10.1007/bf00638232 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Bradding, P. H., Walls, A. F., & Church, M. K. (1995) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012352325-9/50006-x · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Sadoun, H. A., Burgess, M. O., Hentges, K. E., & Mace, K. A. (2016) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1501944 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Expression of mast-cell-specific proteases in tissues of mice studied by in situ hybridization.
Jippo, T., Tsujino, K., Kim, H. M., Kim, D.-K., LEE, Y. M., Nawa, Y., & Kitamura, Y. (1997) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Highly Efficient Inhibition of Human Chymase by α(2)-Macroglobulin
Walter, M., Sutton, R. M., & Schechter, N. M. (1999) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1006/abbi.1999.1309 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-citationImada, T., Komorita, N., Kobayashi, F., Naito, K., Yoshikawa, T., Miyazaki, M., Nakamura, N., & Kondo, T. (2002) · The Japanese Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1254/jjp.90.214 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Kakizoe, E., Shiota, N., Tanabe, Y., Shimoura, K., Kobayashi, Y., & Okunishi, H. (2001) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1046/j.1523-1747.2001.00165.x · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Biology of Mast Cell Tryptase and Chymasea
Nadel, J. A. (1991) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb37986.x · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Ocular Mast Cells and Mediators
Irani, A.-M. A. (2008) · Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.iac.2007.12.006 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Response of polymorphonuclear leukocytes to topical leukotriene B4 in healthy and psoriatic skin
Lammers, A. M., & van de Kerkhof, P. C. M. (1987) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1987.tb05872.x · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Demonstration of Skin-Derived Antileukoproteinase (SKALP) in Urine of Psoriatic Patients
Alkemade, H. A. C., van de Kerkhof, P., & Schalkwijk, J. (1992) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12611375 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Defensins and complement systems from the perspective of skin immunity and autoimmunity
Bos, J. D., Pasch, M. C., & Asghar, S. S. (2001) · Clinics in Dermatology · doi:10.1016/s0738-081x(00)00174-7 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Lim, H. W., & MURPHY, G. M. (1996) · Clinics in Dermatology · doi:10.1016/0738-081x(96)00067-3 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Elastase-inhibiting activity in scaling skin disorders.
Chang, A., Schalkwijk, J., Happle, R., & Kerkhof, P. C. V. D. (1990) · Acta Dermato Venereologica · doi:10.2340/0001555570147151 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Pseudoporphyria associated with Relafen therapy*
MAGRO, C. M. J., & CROWSON, A. N. (1999) · Journal of Cutaneous Pathology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0560.1999.tb01789.x · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Simple phosphonic inhibitors of human neutrophil elastase
Sieńczyk, M., Winiarski, Ł., Kasperkiewicz, P., Psurski, M., Wietrzyk, J., & Oleksyszyn, J. (2011) · Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters · doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.01.083 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Harvima, I. T., Lappalainen, K., Hirvonen, M., Mättö, M., Kivinen, P. K., Hyttinen, M., Pelkonen, J., & Naukkarinen, A. (2004) · Journal of Cellular Biochemistry · doi:10.1002/jcb.20068 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Babes, blisters and basement membranes: from sticky molecules to epidermolysis bullosa
Eady, R. A. J. (1987) · Clinical and Experimental Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2230.1987.tb01886.x · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Hertl, M., Niedermeier, A., & Borradori, L. (2010) · Therapeutische Umschau · doi:10.1024/0040-5930/a000080 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Two distinct forms of human mast cell chymase
McEuen, A. R., Gaça, M., Buckley, M. G., He, S., Gore, M. G., & Walls, A. F. (1998) · European Journal of Biochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1432-1327.1998.2560461.x · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Goffredo, V., Gadaleta, C. D., Laterza, A., Vacca, A., & Ranieri, G. (2013) · Molecular and Clinical Oncology · doi:10.3892/mco.2013.59 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
- Authors
- Briggaman, R. A., Schechter, N. M., Fraki, J., & Lazarus, G. S.
- Venue
- The Journal of experimental medicine
- Publisher
- Rockefeller University Press
- Published
- 1984-10-01
- Volume
- 160
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1027-1042
- ISSN
- 0022-1007 (ISSN-L)
- 1540-9538
- PMC
- PMC2187483
- OpenAlex
- W2150403127
- Cited by
- 190
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 3.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-sa
- Locations
- The Journal of Experimental Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01am032070-04, 2r01am010546-20)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Skin and Cellular Biology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Protease and Inhibitor Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Autoimmune Bullous Skin Diseases
- Keywords
- basement membrane zone, basement membrane degradation, cathepsin G, elastase, chymotrypsin-like proteinase, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, lamina densa, lamina lucida, type IV collagen, laminin, bullous pemphigoid antigen, serine protease, skin ultrastructure
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cathepsins, Cattle, Chymotrypsin, Epidermis, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Histocytochemistry, Humans, Intercellular Junctions, Neutrophils, Pancreatic Elastase, Peptide Hydrolases, Serine Endopeptidases, Skin, Trypsin, Cathepsin G
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
