The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 11 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Discovery of a Candidate Inner Oort Cloud Planetoid
Open accessAbstract
We report the discovery of the minor planet (90377) Sedna, the most distant object ever seen in the solar system. Prediscovery images from 2001, 2002, and 2003 have allowed us to refine the orbit sufficiently to conclude that Sedna is on a highly eccentric orbit that permanently resides well beyond the Kuiper Belt with a semimajor axis of 480 ± 40 AU and a perihelion of 76 ± 4 AU. Such an orbit is unexpected in our current understanding of the solar system but could be the result of scattering by a yet-to-be-discovered planet, perturbation by an anomalously close stellar encounter, or formation of the solar system within a cluster of stars. In all of these cases a significant additional population is likely present, and in the two most likely cases Sedna is best considered a member of the inner Oort Cloud, which then extends to much smaller semimajor axes than previously expected. Continued discovery and orbital characterization of objects in this inner Oort Cloud will verify the genesis of this unexpected population.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source doesn’t support the claim as written.
In the citing paper
“the long-term modulation of scattered KBO eccentricities provides a natural explanation for the existence of the so-called distant detached objects such as Sedna and 2012 VP113 (Brown et al. 2004; Trujillo & Sheppard 2014).”
From Evidence for a Distant Giant Planet in the Solar System (2016) · cites this paper as Brown et al. 2004
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Since the time of the discovery of Sedna, it has been clear that a large perturbing mass either is or was present in the outer solar system at some time (Brown et al. 2004).”
From Observational constraints on the orbit and location of Planet Nine in the outer solar system (2016) · cites this paper as Brown et al. 2004
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The orbit of the distant object Sedna (2003 VB12), on the other hand, which has perihelion distance of q = 76 AU, can only be explained by perturbations from an external agent.”
From The planet nine hypothesis (2019) · cites this paper as Brown et al. (2004)
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Notable exceptions to this rule of thumb include Sedna (Brown et al., 2004), 2012 VP113 (Trujillo and Sheppard, 2014), 2015 TG387 (Sheppard et al., 2018) which have q = 76 ; 80 ; and 65 AU respectively.”
From The planet nine hypothesis (2019) · cites this paper as Brown et al., 2004
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“These anomalies include the striking alignment in the orientations of eccentric orbits in physical space, a common tilt of the orbital planes, perihelion distances that stretch far beyond the gravitational reach of Neptune, as well as excursions of trans-Neptunian objects into highly inclined, and even retrograde orbits.”
From The planet nine hypothesis (2019) · cites this paper as Brown et al. 2004
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“These anomalies include the striking alignment in the orientations of eccentric orbits in physical space, a common tilt of the orbital planes, perihelion distances that stretch far beyond the gravitational reach of Neptune, as well as excursions of trans-Neptunian objects into highly inclined, and even retrograde orbits.”
From The planet nine hypothesis (2019) · cites this paper as Brown et al. 2004
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Such an instrument would probe the ∼ 100 m size range at main belt distances and discover rare distant TNOs such as Sedna ( Brown et al. 2004 ) and 2012 VP113 ( Trujillo & Sheppard 2014 ) .”
From LSST: From Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products (2019) · cites this paper as Brown et al. 2004
In the citing paper
“Sedna ( Brown et al. 2004 ) would be detectable at 130 au.”
From LSST: From Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products (2019) · cites this paper as Brown et al. 2004
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The formation and extent of the solar system comet cloud
Duncan, M. J., Quinn, T., & Tremaine, S. D. (1987) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1086/114571 · Cited by 449
Evidence for an Extended Scattered Disk
Gladman, B., Holman, M., Grav, T., Kavelaars, J., Nicholson, P., Aksnes, K., & Petit, J.-M. (2002) · Icarus · doi:10.1006/icar.2002.6860 · Cited by 194 · cited 1×
“(Gladman et al. 2002), though more complicated interactions including migration can occasionally raise perihelia as high as ∼50AU (Gomes, 2004), sufficient to explain all of the known Kuiper belt objects.”
BackgroundOrbit Fitting and Uncertainties for Kuiper Belt Objects
Bernstein, G. M., & Khushalani, B. (2000) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1086/316868 · Cited by 168
The Radial Distribution of the Kuiper Belt
Trujillo, C. A., & Brown, M. E. (2001) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/320917 · Cited by 141
Self-citationThe Formation of the Oort Cloud and the Primitive Galactic Environment
Fernández, J. A. (1997) · Icarus · doi:10.1006/icar.1997.5754 · Cited by 102
FERNANDEZ, J. (2000) · Icarus · doi:10.1006/icar.2000.6348 · Cited by 87
Millis, R. L., Buie, M. W., Wasserman, L. H., Elliot, J. L., Kern, S. D., & Wagner, R. M. (2002) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1086/339481 · Cited by 84
The Caltech Wide Area Sky Survey
Trujillo, C. A., & Brown, M. E. (2003) · Earth Moon and Planets · doi:10.1023/b:moon.0000031929.19729.a1 · Cited by 68
Self-citationObservational Limits on a Distant Cold Kuiper Belt
Allen, R. L., Bernstein, G. M., & Malhotra, R. (2002) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1086/343773 · Cited by 65
Dynamical limits on dark mass in the outer solar system
Hogg, D. W., Quinlan, G. D., & Tremaine, S. (1991) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1086/115849 · Cited by 57
Research works printed but not linked: 6
- Clarke, C. J., Bonnell, I. A. & Hillenbrand, L. A. 2000, in Protostars and Planets IV, ed. V. Mannings, A. P. Boss, & S. S. Russell (Tucson: Univ. Arizona Press), 151
- Goswami, J. N. & Vanhala, H. A. T. 2000, in Protostars and Planets IV, ed. V. Mannings, A. P. Boss, & S. S. Russell (Tucson: Univ. Arizona Press), 963
- Mahabal A., 2003, BAAS, 203, 11
- Oort J. H., 1950, Bull. Astron. Inst. Netherlands, 11, 91
- Rabinowitz D., 2003, BAAS, 203, 12
- Tombaugh, C. W. 1961, in Planets and Satellites, ed. G. P. Kuiper & B. M. Middlehurst (Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press), 12
Cited by
Sorted by citations
LSST: From Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products
Ivezić, Ž., Kahn, S. M., Tyson, J. A., Abel, B., Acosta, E., Allsman, R., Alonso, D., AlSayyad, Y., Anderson, S. F., Andrew, J., et al. (2019) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab042c · Cited by 4,357
Self-citationTHE SPITZER c2d LEGACY RESULTS: STAR-FORMATION RATES AND EFFICIENCIES; EVOLUTION AND LIFETIMES
Evans, N., Dunham, M., Jørgensen, J., Enoch, M., Merín, B., van Dishoeck, E., Alcalá, J., Myers, P., Stapelfeldt, K., Huard, T., et al. (2008) · The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series · doi:10.1088/0067-0049/181/2/321 · Cited by 1,279
THE LOW-LUMINOSITY END OF THE RADIUS-LUMINOSITY RELATIONSHIP FOR ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI
Bentz, M. C., Denney, K. D., Grier, C. J., Barth, A. J., Peterson, B. M., Vestergaard, M., Bennert, V. N., Canalizo, G., Rosa, G. D., Filippenko, A. V., et al. (2013) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/767/2/149 · Cited by 844
The Birth Environment of the Solar System
Adams, F. C. (2010) · Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1146/annurev-astro-081309-130830 · Cited by 464
THE NEXT GENERATION VIRGO CLUSTER SURVEY (NGVS). I. INTRODUCTION TO THE SURVEY*
Ferrarese, L., Côté, P., Cuillandre, J., Gwyn, S., Peng, E. W., MacArthur, L. A., Duc, P., Boselli, A., Mei, S., Erben, T., et al. (2012) · The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series · doi:10.1088/0067-0049/200/1/4 · Cited by 428
Evidence for a Distant Giant Planet in the Solar System
Batygin, K., & Brown, M. E. (2016) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/0004-6256/151/2/22 · Cited by 432
“In particular, the long-term modulation of scattered KBO eccentricities provides a natural explanation for the existence of the so-called distant detached objects such as Sedna and 2012 VP113 (Brown et al. 2004; Trujillo & Sheppard 2014).”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationThe Size Distribution of Trans-Neptunian Bodies
Bernstein, G. M., Trilling, D. E., Allen, R. L., Brown, M. E., Holman, M., & Malhotra, R. (2004) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1086/422919 · Cited by 414
Self-citationA Sedna-like body with a perihelion of 80 astronomical units
Trujillo, C. A., & Sheppard, S. S. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature13156 · Cited by 303
Self-citationThe Size Distribution of Trans-Neptunian Bodies
Bernstein, G. M., Trilling, D. E., Allen, R. L., Brown, M. E., Holman, M., & Malhotra, R. (2003) · CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) · Cited by 281
Self-citationHydrothermal Systems in Small Ocean Planets
Vance, S. D., Harnmeijer, J. P., Kimura, J., Hußmann, H., deMartin, B. J., & Brown, J. M. (2007) · Astrobiology · doi:10.1089/ast.2007.0075 · Cited by 266
Elliot, J. L., Kern, S. D., Clancy, K. B., Sickafoose, A. A., Millis, R. L., Buie, M. W., Wasserman, L. H., Chiang, E., Jordan, A. B., Trilling, D. E., et al. (2005) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1086/427395 · Cited by 255
The Birth Environment of the Solar SystemPreprint
Adams, F. C. (2016) · Cited by 266
Hahn, J. M., & Malhotra, R. (2005) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1086/452638 · Cited by 190
Gutermuth, R., Megeath, S. T., PIPHER, J. L., Williams, J. P., Allen, L. E., Myers, P. C., & Raines, S. N. (2005) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/432460 · Cited by 196
Space-Weathering of Solar System Bodies: A Laboratory Perspective
Bennett, C. J., Pirim, C., & Orlando, T. M. (2013) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr400153k · Cited by 189
Batygin, K., Adams, F. C., Brown, M. E., & Becker, J. C. (2019) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2019.01.009 · Cited by 181
“In the presence of Planet Nine, however, the orbits of 2013 RF98 and and 2014 FE72 are significantly stabilized, so that its longterm evolution is characterized by apsidal confinement akin to that exhibited by objects like Sedna, 2012 VP113, and others.”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationDiscovery of a Planetary-sized Object in the Scattered Kuiper Belt
Brown, M. E., Trujillo, C. A., & Rabinowitz, D. L. (2005) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/499336 · Cited by 179
Self-citationOrigin and Evolution of the Cometary Reservoirs
Luke Dones, B., Brasser, R., Kaib, N. A., & Rickman, H. (2015) · Space Science Reviews · doi:10.1007/s11214-015-0223-2 · Cited by 179
Rabinowitz, D. L., Barkume, K., Brown, M. E., Roe, H., Schwartz, M., Tourtellotte, S., & Trujillo, C. A. (2006) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/499575 · Cited by 162
Self-citationThe Size Distribution of Kuiper Belt Objects
Kenyon, S. J., & Bromley, B. C. (2004) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1086/423697 · Cited by 153
Stellar encounters as the origin of distant Solar System objects in highly eccentric orbits
Kenyon, S. J., & Bromley, B. C. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature03136 · Cited by 146
Discovery of a planetary-sized object in the scattered Kuiper belt
Brown, M. E., Trujillo, C. A., & Rabinowitz, D. L. (2005) · CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) · Cited by 144
Self-citationRabinowitz, D. L., Barkume, K. M., Brown, M. E., Roe, H. G., Schwartz, M., Tourtellotte, S., & Trujillo, C. A. (2005) · Cited by 135
Self-citationGomes, R. S., Gallardo, T., Fernández, J. A., & Brunini, A. (2005) · Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy · doi:10.1007/s10569-004-4623-y · Cited by 134
An outer planet beyond Pluto and the origin of the trans-Neptunian belt architecture
Lykawka, P. S., & Mukai, T. (2008) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-6256/135/4/1161 · Cited by 121
Sedna and the Oort Cloud around a migrating Sun
Kaib, N. A., Roškar, R., & Quinn, T. (2011) · Icarus · doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2011.07.037 · Cited by 116
Observational constraints on the orbit and location of Planet Nine in the outer solar system
Brown, M. E., & Batygin, K. (2016) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.3847/2041-8205/824/2/l23 · Cited by 112
“Proposals for the perturber required to have created Sedna’s orbit have included sibling stars in the sun’s birth cluster (Brown et al. 2004; Brasser et al. 2006; Dukes & Krumholz 2012), a single passing star (Morbidelli & Levison 2004; Kenyon & Bromley 2004; Rickman et al. 2004) as well as a small…”
BackgroundSelf-citationReassessing the Source of Long-Period Comets
Kaib, N. A., & Quinn, T. (2009) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1172676 · Cited by 108
Reassessing the formation of the inner Oort cloud in an embedded star cluster
Brasser, R., Duncan, M. J., Levison, H. F., Schwamb, M. E., & Brown, M. E. (2011) · Icarus · doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2011.10.012 · Cited by 105
Self-citationProduction of the Extended Scattered Disk by Rogue Planets
Gladman, B., & Chan, C. (2006) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/505214 · Cited by 102
Hahn, J. M., & Malhotra, R. (2005) · Cited by 136
New Extreme Trans-Neptunian Objects: Toward a Super-Earth in the Outer Solar System
Sheppard, S. S., & Trujillo, C. (2016) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/152/6/221 · Cited by 92
Self-citationWhat if Planet 9 is a Primordial Black Hole?
Scholtz, J., & Unwin, J. (2020) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.125.051103 · Cited by 108
OSSOS. VI. Striking Biases in the Detection of Large Semimajor Axis Trans-Neptunian Objects
Shankman, C., Kavelaars, J. J., Bannister, M. T., Gladman, B. J., Lawler, S. M., Chen 陳英, Y.-T. 同., Jakubik, M., Kaib, N., Alexandersen, M., Gwyn, S. D. J., et al. (2017) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa7aed · Cited by 87
Direct Measurement of the Size of the Large Kuiper Belt Object (50000) Quaoar
Brown, M. E., & Trujillo, C. A. (2004) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1086/382513 · Cited by 85
Self-citationBarucci, M. A., Cruikshank, D. P., Dotto, E., Merlin, F., Poulet, F., Ore, C. M. D., Fornasier, S., & de Bérgh, C. (2005) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200500144 · Cited by 84
de la Fuente Marcos, C., & de la Fuente Marcos, R. (2014) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters · doi:10.1093/mnrasl/slu084 · Cited by 82
The Physical Properties of HD 3651B: An Extrasolar Nemesis?
Burgasser, A. J. (2007) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/511176 · Cited by 79
Gladman, B., & Volk, K. (2021) · Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1146/annurev-astro-120920-010005 · Cited by 83
PROPERTIES OF THE DISTANT KUIPER BELT: RESULTS FROM THE PALOMAR DISTANT SOLAR SYSTEM SURVEY
Schwamb, M. E., Brown, M. E., Rabinowitz, D. L., & Ragozzine, D. (2010) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/720/2/1691 · Cited by 80
Self-citationTHE COLORS OF EXTREME OUTER SOLAR SYSTEM OBJECTS
Sheppard, S. S. (2010) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-6256/139/4/1394 · Cited by 76
How Sedna and family were captured in a close encounter with a solar sibling
Jílková, L., Zwart, S. P., Pijloo, T., & Hammer, M. (2015) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1803 · Cited by 76
A New High Perihelion Trans-Plutonian Inner Oort Cloud Object: 2015 TG387
Sheppard, S. S., Trujillo, C. A., Tholen, D. J., & Kaib, N. (2019) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab0895 · Cited by 70
Self-citationWyatt, M. C., Bonsor, A., Jackson, A. P., Marino, S., & Shannon, A. (2016) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stw2633 · Cited by 68
An Oort cloud origin for the high-inclination, high-perihelion Centaurs
Brasser, R., Schwamb, M. E., Lykawka, P. S., & Gomes, R. S. (2012) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.20264.x · Cited by 68
Testing gravity with wide binary stars like α Centauri
Banik, I., & Zhao, H. (2018) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/sty2007 · Cited by 80
The Solar system’s post-main-sequence escape boundary
Veras, D., & Wyatt, M. C. (2012) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20522.x · Cited by 65
Discovery of the first retrograde transneptunian object
Gladman, B., Kavelaars, J., Petit, J.-M., Ashby, M. L. N., Parker, J., Coffey, J., Jones, R. L., Rousselot, P., & Mousis, O. (2009) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/697/2/l91 · Cited by 65
Solar System Physics for Exoplanet Research
Horner, J., Kane, S. R., Marshall, J. P., Dalba, P. A., Holt, T. R., Wood, J., Maynard-Casely, H. E., Wittenmyer, R., Lykawka, P. S., Hill, M., et al. (2020) · Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific · doi:10.1088/1538-3873/ab8eb9 · Cited by 72
The Kuiper Belt and the Solar System's Comet Disk
Gladman, B. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1100553 · Cited by 61
The fragility of planetary systems
Zwart, S. P., & Jílková, L. (2015) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stv877 · Cited by 60
REALISTIC DETECTABILITY OF CLOSE INTERSTELLAR COMETS
Cook, N. V., Ragozzine, D., Granvik, M., & Stephens, D. C. (2016) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/0004-637x/825/1/51 · Cited by 62
Finding the imprints of stellar encounters in long-period comets
Feng, F., & Bailer‐Jones, C. A. L. (2015) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stv2222 · Cited by 57
Kawakita, H., Russo, N. D., Furusho, R., Fuse, T., Watanabe, J.-I., Boice, D. C., Sadakane, K., Arimoto, N., Ohkubo, M., & Ohnishi, T. (2006) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/503185 · Cited by 58
Dynamical evolution induced by planet nine
Batygin, K., & Morbidelli, A. (2017) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa937c · Cited by 58
Secular Stability and Instability in Stellar Systems Surrounding Massive Objects
Tremaine, S. D. (2005) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/429713 · Cited by 58
Detectability of Occultations of Stars by Objects in the Kuiper Belt and Oort Cloud
Nihei, T. C., Lehner, M. J., Bianco, F. B., King, S. ‐., Giammarco, J. M., & Alcock, C. R. (2007) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1086/521396 · Cited by 58
Brown, M. E., & Batygin, K. (2021) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac2056 · Cited by 57
Self-citationELEMENTAL ABUNDANCES OF SOLAR SIBLING CANDIDATES
Ramírez, I., Bajkova, A. T., Бобылев, В. В., Roederer, I. U., Lambert, D. L., Endl, M., Cochran, W. D., MacQueen, P. J., & Wittenmyer, R. A. (2014) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/787/2/154 · Cited by 52
Col-OSSOS: The Colors of the Outer Solar System Origins Survey
Schwamb, M. E., Fraser, W. C., Bannister, M. T., Marsset, M., Pike, R. E., Kavelaars, J. J., Benecchi, S., Lehner, M. J., 王祥, S.-Y. 宇. W., Thirouin, A., et al. (2019) · The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series · doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ab2194 · Cited by 55
Pichardo, B., Moreno, E., Allen, C., Bedin, L. R., Bellini, A., & Pasquini, L. (2012) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-6256/143/3/73 · Cited by 55
A tale of 3 dwarf planets: Ices and organics on Sedna, Gonggong, and Quaoar from JWST spectroscopy
Emery, J. P., Wong, I., Brunetto, R., Cook, J. C., Pinilla-Alonso, N., Stansberry, J., Holler, B. J., Grundy, W. M., Protopapa, S., Souza-Feliciano, A. C., et al. (2024) · Icarus · doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2024.116017 · Cited by 54
Trujillo, C. A., Brown, M. E., Rabinowitz, D. L., & Geballe, T. R. (2005) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/430337 · Cited by 53
Self-citationBecker, J. C., Khain, T., Hamilton, S. J., Adams, F. C., Gerdes, D. W., Zullo, L., Franson, K., Millholland, S., Bernstein, G. M., Sako, M., et al. (2018) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aad042 · Cited by 52
Outer Solar System Possibly Shaped by a Stellar Fly-by
Pfalzner, S., Bhandare, A., Vincke, K., & Lacerda, P. (2018) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aad23c · Cited by 55
Brasser, R., & Schwamb, M. E. (2014) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stu2374 · Cited by 51
Kavelaars, J. J., Mousis, O. J., Petit, J.-M., & Weaver, H. A. (2011) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.1088/2041-8205/734/2/l30 · Cited by 47
Dynamical origin of comets and their reservoirs
Duncan, M. J. (2008) · Space Science Reviews · doi:10.1007/s11214-008-9405-5 · Cited by 50
OSSOS. V. Diffusion in the Orbit of a High-perihelion Distant Solar System Object
Bannister, M. T., Shankman, C., Volk, K., Chen, Y.-T., Kaib, N., Gladman, B., Jakubik, M., Kavelaars, J. J., Fraser, W. C., Schwamb, M. E., et al. (2017) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa6db5 · Cited by 48
The Solar System Beyond The Planets
Delsanti, A., & Jewitt, D. C. (2006) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/3-540-37683-6_11 · Cited by 48
Bromley, B. C., & Kenyon, S. J. (2014) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/796/2/141 · Cited by 47
Astrometric Microlensing Constraints on a Massive Body in the Outer Solar System withGaia
Gaudi, B. S., & Bloom, J. S. (2005) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/497391 · Cited by 47
The Search for Distant Objects in the Solar System Using Spacewatch
Larsen, J. A., Roe, E. S., Albert, C. E., Descour, A. S., McMillan, R. S., Gleason, A. E., Robert Jedicke, B., Block, M., Bressi, T. H., Cochran, K. C., et al. (2007) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1086/511155 · Cited by 47
Ices on (90377) Sedna: confirmation and compositional constraints
Emery, J. P., Ore, C. M. D., Cruikshank, D. P., Fernández, Y. R., Trilling, D. E., & Stansberry, J. (2007) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20067021 · Cited by 47
Secular stability and instability in stellar systems surrounding massive objects
Tremaine, S. D. (2004) · CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) · Cited by 46
Trans-Neptunian objects and Centaurs at thermal wavelengths
Müller, T., Lellouch, E., & Fornasier, S. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-816490-7.00007-2 · Cited by 45
Dynamics of Planetary Systems within Star Clusters: Aspects of the Solar System’s Early Evolution
Batygin, K., Adams, F. C., Batygin, Y. K., & Petigura, E. A. (2020) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab665d · Cited by 43
A Widebinary Solar Companion as a Possible Origin of Sedna-like Objects
Matese, J. J., Whitmire, D. P., & Lissauer, J. J. (2005) · Earth Moon and Planets · doi:10.1007/s11038-006-9078-6 · Cited by 43
Solar System Physics for Exoplanet Research
Horner, J., Kane, S. R., Marshall, J. P., Dalba, P. A., Holt, T. R., Wood, J., Maynard-Casely, H. E., Wittenmyer, R. A., Lykawka, P. S., Hill, M. L., et al. (2020) · Cited by 42
On the Origin of the Eccentricities of Extrasolar Planets
Namouni, F. (2005) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1086/430747 · Cited by 43
Consequences of a Distant Massive Planet on the Large Semimajor Axis Trans-Neptunian Objects
Shankman, C., Kavelaars, J. J., Lawler, S. M., Gladman, B. J., & Bannister, M. T. (2017) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/153/2/63 · Cited by 42
Mass transfer between debris discs during close stellar encounters
Jílková, L., Hamers, A. S., Hammer, M., & Zwart, S. P. (2016) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stw264 · Cited by 42
Long-term dynamics beyond Neptune: secular models to study the regular motions
Saillenfest, M., Fouchard, M., Tommei, G., & Valsecchi, G. B. (2016) · Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy · doi:10.1007/s10569-016-9700-5 · Cited by 41
Evidence for a sub-Jovian planet in the young TWA 7 disk
Lagrange, A. ‐., Wilkinson, C., Mâlin, M., Boccaletti, A., Perrot, C., Matrà, L., Combes, F., Beust, H., Rouan, D., Chomez, A., et al. (2025) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09150-4 · Cited by 40
A SOUTHERN SKY AND GALACTIC PLANE SURVEY FOR BRIGHT KUIPER BELT OBJECTS
Sheppard, S. S., Udalski, A., Trujillo, C. A., Kubiak, M., Pietrzyński, G., Poleski, R., Soszyński, I., Szymański, M. K., & Ulaczyk, K. (2011) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-6256/142/4/98 · Cited by 40
Self-citationSheppard, S. S., Trujillo, C. A., & Tholen, D. J. (2016) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.3847/2041-8205/825/1/l13 · Cited by 40
Self-citationProducing distant planets by mutual scattering of planetary embryos
Silsbee, K., & Tremaine, S. (2018) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aaa19b · Cited by 40
A likely flyby of binary protostar Z CMa caught in action
Dong, R., Liu, H. B., Cuello, N., Pinte, C., Ábrahám, P., Vorobyov, E. I., Hashimoto, J., Kóspál, Á., Chiang, E., Takami, M., et al. (2022) · Nature Astronomy · doi:10.1038/s41550-021-01558-y · Cited by 39
The fates of Solar system analogues with one additional distant planet
Veras, D. (2016) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stw2170 · Cited by 38
OBSERVATIONAL SIGNATURES OF A MASSIVE DISTANT PLANET ON THE SCATTERING DISK
Lawler, S. M., Shankman, C., Kaib, N., Bannister, M. T., Gladman, B., & Kavelaars, J. J. (2017) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/153/1/33 · Cited by 39
Observational Constraints on Planet Nine: Cassini Range Observations
Holman, M. J., & Payne, M. J. (2016) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/4/94 · Cited by 44
Long-term orbital dynamics of trans-Neptunian objects
Saillenfest, M. (2020) · Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy · doi:10.1007/s10569-020-9954-9 · Cited by 35
Zwart, S. P., Torres, S., Cai, M. X., & Brown, A. G. A. (2021) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202040096 · Cited by 42
Making planet nine: Pebble accretion at 250–750 AU in a gravitationally unstable ring
Kenyon, S. J., & Bromley, B. C. (2016) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/0004-637x/825/1/33 · Cited by 33
Observational Constraints on Planet Nine: Astrometry of Pluto and Other Trans-Neptunian Objects
Holman, M. J., & Payne, M. J. (2016) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/4/80 · Cited by 32
Habitability in Different Milky Way Stellar Environments: A Stellar Interaction Dynamical Approach
Jiménez-Torres, J. J., Pichardo, B., Lake, G., & Segura, A. (2013) · Astrobiology · doi:10.1089/ast.2012.0842 · Cited by 33
The rate of stellar encounters along a migrating orbit of the Sun
Martínez-Barbosa, C. A., Jílková, L., Zwart, S. P., & Brown, A. G. A. (2016) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stw2507 · Cited by 31
(90377) SEDNA: INVESTIGATION OF SURFACE COMPOSITIONAL VARIATION
Barucci, M. A., Ore, C. M. D., Álvarez-Candal, A., de Bérgh, C., Merlin, F., Dumas, C., & Cruikshank, D. P. (2010) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-6256/140/6/2095 · Cited by 31
Grazier, K. R., Castillo-Rogez, J. C., & Horner, J. (2018) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aae095 · Cited by 26
A Near-coplanar Stellar Flyby of the Planet Host Star HD 106906
Rosa, R. J. D., & Kalas, P. (2019) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab0109 · Cited by 30
Metadata
- Authors
- Brown, M. E., Trujillo, C., & Rabinowitz, D.
- Affiliations
- California Institute of Technology (US)
- International Gemini Observatory (US)
- Yale University (US)
- ORCID
- Trujillo, Chadwick
- Venue
- The Astrophysical Journal
- Publisher
- American Astronomical Society
- Published
- 2004-12-10
- Volume
- 617
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 645-649
- ISSN
- 0004-637X (ISSN-L)
- 1538-4357
- OpenAlex
- W2102529734
- Cited by
- 242
- References
- 11
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 7.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Astrophysical Journal (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Space and Planetary Science › Astro and Planetary Science
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Aerospace Engineering › Space Satellite Systems and Control
- Keywords
- Sedna, trans-Neptunian objects, highly eccentric orbits, orbital elements, Kuiper belt
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
