Diagnostic genome profiling in mental retardation
Open accessAbstract
Mental retardation (MR) occurs in 2%-3% of the general population. Conventional karyotyping has a resolution of 5-10 million bases and detects chromosomal alterations in approximately 5% of individuals with unexplained MR. The frequency of smaller submicroscopic chromosomal alterations in these patients is unknown. Novel molecular karyotyping methods, such as array-based comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH), can detect submicroscopic chromosome alterations at a resolution of 100 kb. In this study, 100 patients with unexplained MR were analyzed using array CGH for DNA copy-number changes by use of a novel tiling-resolution genomewide microarray containing 32,447 bacterial artificial clones. Alterations were validated by fluorescence in situ hybridization and/or multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, and parents were tested to determine de novo occurrence. Reproducible DNA copy-number changes were present in 97% of patients. The majority of these alterations were inherited from phenotypically normal parents, which reflects normal large-scale copy-number variation. In 10% of the patients, de novo alterations considered to be clinically relevant were found: seven deletions and three duplications. These alterations varied in size from 540 kb to 12 Mb and were scattered throughout the genome. Our results indicate that the diagnostic yield of this approach in the general population of patients with MR is at least twice as high as that of standard GTG-banded karyotyping.
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Large de novo copy number variants are significantly enriched among ASD/ID probands compared with unaffected siblings or controls.
“By contrast, targeted and genome-wide microarray studies revealed that large de novo copy number variants (CNVs) were significantly enriched among probands when compared to unaffected siblings and/or controls [8–14]”
From A de novo convergence of autism genetics and molecular neuroscience (2014) · cites this paper as [10]
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A cytogeneticist's perspective on genomic microarrays
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A set of BAC clones spanning the human genome
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Definition of a Critical Region on Chromosome 18 for Congenital Aural Atresia by ArrayCGH
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BAC microarray analysis of 15q11–q13 rearrangements and the impact of segmental duplications
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The end of the beginning of chromosome ends†
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Casas, K. A., Mononen, T. K., Mikail, C. N., Hassed, S. J., Li, S., Mulvihill, J. J., Lin, H. J., & Falk, R. E. (2004) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A · doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.30156 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
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Historical prospective of human cytogenetics: from microscope to microarray
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Self-citationThe genetics of mental retardation
Raymond, F. L., & Tarpey, P. S. (2006) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/ddl189 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Böhm, D., Herold, S., Kuechler, A., Liehr, T., & Laccone, F. A. (2004) · Human Mutation · doi:10.1002/humu.20011 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
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Subtelomeric deletions of chromosome 9q: A novel microdeletion syndrome
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Sismani, C., Armour, J. A. L., Jonathan Flint, C., Girgalli, C., Regan, R., & Patsalis, P. C. (2001) · European Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5200670 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
BAC array CGH reveals genomic aberrations in idiopathic mental retardation
Miyake, N., Shimokawa, O., Harada, N., Sosonkina, N., Okubo, A., Kawara, H., Okamoto, N., Kurosawa, K., Kawame, H., Iwakoshi, M., et al. (2006) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A · doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.31098 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Submicroscopic subtelomeric 1qter deletions: a recognisable phenotype?
Vries, B. B. A. D., KNIGHT, S. J. L., HOMFRAY, T., et al. (2001) · Journal of Medical Genetics · doi:10.1136/jmg.38.3.175 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Harada, N., Hatchwell, E., Okamoto, N., et al. (2004) · Journal of Medical Genetics · doi:10.1136/jmg.2003.014639 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
High resolution profiling of X chromosomal aberrations by array comparative genomic hybridisation
Veltman, J. A., Yntema, H. G., Lugtenberg, D., Arts, H., Briault, S., Huys, E. H. L. P. G., Osoegawa, K., de Jong, P., Brunner, H. G., van Kessel, A. G., et al. (2004) · Journal of Medical Genetics · doi:10.1136/jmg.2004.018531 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Self-citationX chromosome array-CGH for the identification of novel X-linked mental retardation genes
Bauters, M., Esch, H. V., Marynen, P., & Froyen, G. (2005) · European Journal of Medical Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.ejmg.2005.04.008 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Silfhout, A. T. V., van Ravenswaaij‐Arts, C. M. A., Hehir‐Kwa, J. Y., Verwiel, E. T. P., Dirks, R., Vooren, S. V., Schinzel, A., Vries, B. B. A. D., & de Leeuw, N. (2013) · European Journal of Medical Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.ejmg.2013.06.010 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Self-citationLu, X., Harris, C., Cooley, L. D., et al. (2002) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/sj.leu.2402662 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Moog, U. (2005) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A · doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.30841 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Koolen, D. A., Vissers, L., Nillesen, W. M., Smeets, D., van Ravenswaaij‐Arts, C. M. A., Sistermans, E. A., Veltman, J. A., & Vries, B. B. A. D. (2004) · Clinical Genetics · doi:10.1111/j.0009-9163.2004.00245.x · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citationChromosomal aberrations, subtelomeric defects, and mental retardation
Baralle, D. (2001) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)05300-9 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Ekong, R., Jeremiah, S., Judah, D. J., et al. (2004) · Human Mutation · doi:10.1002/humu.20059 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Cytogenetics — In Color and Digitized
Ried, T. (2004) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmp038242 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Ruiter, M., Koolen, D. A., Pfundt, R., de Leeuw, N., Klinkers, H. M. J., Sistermans, E. A., Veltman, J. A., & Vries, B. B. A. D. (2006) · Clinical Dysmorphology · doi:10.1097/01.mcd.0000220605.94413.bb · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citationThe use of genomic microarrays to study chromosomal abnormalities in mental retardation
Mao, R., & Pevsner, J. (2005) · Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews · doi:10.1002/mrdd.20082 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
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Finding the missing heritability of complex diseases
Manolio, T. A., Collins, F. S., Cox, N. J., Goldstein, D. B., Hindorff, L. A., Hunter, D. J., McCarthy, M. I., Ramos, E. M., Cardon, L. R., Chakravarti, A., et al. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08494 · Cited by 8,336 · see citing works
Large recurrent microdeletions associated with schizophrenia.
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Genome structural variation discovery and genotyping
Alkan, C., Coe, B. P., & Eichler, E. E. (2011) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/nrg2958 · Cited by 1,630 · see citing works
A copy number variation morbidity map of developmental delay
Cooper, G. M., Coe, B. P., Girirajan, S., Rosenfeld, J. A., Vu, T. H., Baker, C., Williams, C., Stalker, H., Hamid, R., Hannig, V., et al. (2011) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng.909 · Cited by 1,351 · see citing works
Copy number variation in human health, disease, and evolution
Zhang, F., Gu, W., Hurles, M. E., & Lupski, J. R. (2009) · Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics · doi:10.1146/annurev.genom.9.081307.164217 · Cited by 1,207 · see citing works
Genome sequencing identifies major causes of severe intellectual disability
Gilissen, C., Hehir-Kwa, J. Y., Thung, D. T., van de Vorst, M., van Bon, B. W. M., Willemsen, M. H., Kwint, M., Janssen, I. M., Hoischen, A., Schenck, A., et al. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature13394 · Cited by 1,125 · see citing works
Self-citationA copy number variation map of the human genome
Zarrei, M., MacDonald, J. R., Merico, D., & Scherer, S. W. (2015) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/nrg3871 · Cited by 921 · see citing works
A de novo paradigm for mental retardation.
Vissers, L. E. L. M., de Ligt, J., Gilissen, C., Janssen, I., Steehouwer, M., de Vries, P., van Lier, B., Arts, P., Wieskamp, N., del Rosario, M., et al. (2010) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng.712 · Cited by 852 · see citing works
Self-citationRecurrent rearrangements of chromosome 1q21.1 and variable pediatric phenotypes
Mefford, H. C., Sharp, A. J., Baker, C., Itsara, A., Jiang, Z., Buysse, K., Huang, S., Maloney, V. K., Crolla, J. A., Baralle, D., et al. (2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0805384 · Cited by 804 · see citing works
Self-citationGenetic studies in intellectual disability and related disorders
Vissers, L. E. L. M., Gilissen, C., & Veltman, J. A. (2016) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/nrg3999 · Cited by 761 · see citing works
Self-citationRecurrent 16p11.2 microdeletions in autism
Kumar, R. A., KaraMohamed, S., Sudi, J., Conrad, D. F., Brune, C., Badner, J. A., Gilliam, T. C., Nowak, N. J., Cook, E. H., Dobyns, W. B., et al. (2007) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/ddm376 · Cited by 731 · see citing works
Copy-number variations associated with neuropsychiatric conditions
Cook Jr, E. H., & Scherer, S. W. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07458 · Cited by 659 · see citing works
Sharp, A. J., Hansen, S., Selzer, R. R., Cheng, Z., Regan, R., Hurst, J. A., Stewart, H., Price, S. M., Blair, E., Hennekam, R. C., et al. (2006) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng1862 · Cited by 658 · see citing works
Population analysis of large copy number variants and hotspots of human genetic disease
Itsara, A., Cooper, G. M., Baker, C., Girirajan, S., Li, J., Absher, D., Krauss, R. M., Myers, R. M., Ridker, P. M., Chasman, D. I., et al. (2009) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.12.014 · Cited by 591 · see citing works
A recurrent 15q13.3 microdeletion syndrome associated with mental retardation and seizures.
Sharp, A. J., Mefford, H. C., Li, K., Baker, C., Skinner, C., Stevenson, R. E., Schroer, R. J., Novara, F., De Gregori, M., Ciccone, R., et al. (2008) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng.93 · Cited by 582 · see citing works
Mefford, H. C., Muhle, H., Ostertag, P., von Spiczak, S., Buysse, K., Baker, C., Franke, A., Malafosse, A., Genton, P., Thomas, P., et al. (2010) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1000962 · Cited by 474 · see citing works
A de novo convergence of autism genetics and molecular neuroscience
Krumm, N., O’Roak, B. J., Shendure, J., & Eichler, E. E. (2014) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2013.11.005 · Cited by 423 · see citing works
Copy number variations and clinical cytogenetic diagnosis of constitutional disorders
Lee, C., Iafrate, A. J., & Brothman, A. R. (2007) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng2092 · Cited by 388 · see citing works
Comparative genome hybridization suggests a role for NRXN1 and APBA2 in schizophrenia
Kirov, G., Gumus, D., Chen, W., Norton, N., Georgieva, L., Sari, M., O'Donovan, M. C., Erdogan, F., Owen, M. J., Ropers, H.-H., et al. (2007) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/ddm323 · Cited by 377 · see citing works
Neurodevelopmental disease genes implicated by de novo mutation and copy number variation morbidity
Coe, B. P., Stessman, H. A. F., Sulovari, A., Geisheker, M. R., Bakken, T. E., Lake, A. M., Dougherty, J. D., Lein, E. S., Hormozdiari, F., Bernier, R. A., et al. (2019) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41588-018-0288-4 · Cited by 330 · see citing works
De novo rates and selection of large copy number variation
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Genomics, Intellectual Disability, and Autism
Mefford, H. C., Batshaw, M. L., & Hoffman, E. P. (2012) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra1114194 · Cited by 329 · see citing works
Talkowski, M. E., Mullegama, S. V., Rosenfeld, J. A., van Bon, B. W. M., Shen, Y., Repnikova, E. A., Gastier-Foster, J., Thrush, D. L., Kathiresan, S., Ruderfer, D. M., et al. (2011) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.09.011 · Cited by 249 · see citing works
Application of Array-Based Comparative Genomic Hybridization to Clinical Diagnostics
Bejjani, B. A., & Shaffer, L. G. (2006) · The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics · doi:10.2353/jmoldx.2006.060029 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Delineation of 15q13.3 microdeletions.
Masurel‐Paulet, A., Andrieux, J., Callier, P., Cuisset, J., Le Caignec, C., Holder, M., Thauvin‐Robinet, C., Doray, B., Flori, E., Alex‐Cordier, M., et al. (2010) · Clinical Genetics · doi:10.1111/j.1399-0004.2010.01374.x · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Horn, D., Kapeller, J., Rivera-Brugués, N., Moog, U., Lorenz-Depiereux, B., Eck, S., Hempel, M., Wagenstaller, J., Gawthrope, A., Monaco, A. P., et al. (2010) · Human Mutation · doi:10.1002/humu.21362 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
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Ingason, A., Kirov, G., Giegling, I., Hansen, T., Isles, A. R., Jakobsen, K. D., Kristinsson, K. T., le Roux, L., Gustafsson, O., Craddock, N., et al. (2011) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.09111660 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Genetic Evaluation of Intellectual Disabilities
Moeschler, J. B. (2008) · Seminars in Pediatric Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.spen.2008.01.002 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Genetics of Autism Spectrum Disorders
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Schizophrenia: Genome, Interrupted
Cantor, R. M., & Geschwind, D. H. (2008) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2008.04.007 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
- Authors
- de Vries, B. B. A., Pfundt, R., Leisink, M., Koolen, D. A., Vissers, L. E. L. M., Janssen, I. M., Reijmersdal, S. V., Nillesen, W. M., Huys, E. H. L. P. G., Leeuw, N. D., Smeets, D., Sistermans, E. A., Feuth, T., van Ravenswaaij-Arts, C. M. A., van Kessel, A. G., Schoenmakers, E. F. P. M., Brunner, H. G., & Veltman, J. A.
- Affiliations
- Radboud University Medical Center (NL)
- ORCID
- Venue
- The American Journal of Human Genetics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-10
- Volume
- 77
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 606-616
- ISSN
- 0002-9297 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC1275609
- OpenAlex
- W2155677754
- Cited by
- 605
- References
- 132
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 34
- FWCI
- 37.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- The American Journal of Human Genetics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genomic variations and chromosomal abnormalities
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genomics and Rare Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Down syndrome and intellectual disability research
- Keywords
- intellectual disability, copy number variation, array comparative genomic hybridization, tiling microarrays, deletions and duplications, diagnostic yield
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Female, Humans, Karyotyping, Male, Intellectual Disability, Nucleic Acid Hybridization, Genome, Human, Gene Expression Profiling
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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