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Cited by 411

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 73 of the 73 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The Masses of Nuclear Black Holes in Luminous Elliptical Galaxies and Implications for the Space Density of the Most Massive Black Holes

Open access
Lauer, Tod R., Faber, S. M., Richstone, Douglas, Gebhardt, Karl, Tremaine, Scott, Postman, Marc, Dressler, Alan, Aller, M. C., Filippenko, Alexei V., Green, Richard, Ho, Luis C., Kormendy, John, Magorrian, John, Pinkney, Jason·2007·The Astrophysical Journal
DOI 10.1086/518223
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Abstract

Black hole (BH) masses predicted from the M • -σ relationship conflict with predictions from the M • - L relationship for high-luminosity galaxies, such as brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs). The M • - L relationship predicts that some BCGs may harbor BHs with M • approaching 10 10 M ☉ , while the M • -σ relationship always predicts M • < 3 × 10 9 M ☉ . We argue that the M • - L relationship is a plausible description for galaxies of high luminosity. If the cores in central stellar density are formed by binary BHs, the inner core cusp radius, r γ , may be an independent witness of M • . Using central structural parameters derived from a large sample of early-type galaxies observed by HST , we argue that L is superior to σ as an indicator of r γ . Further, the r γ - M • relationship for 11 core galaxies with measured M • appears to be consistent with the M • - L relationship for BCGs. BCGs have large cores appropriate for their large luminosities that may be difficult to generate with the more modest BH masses inferred from the M • -σ relationship. M • ~ M would be expected for BCGs, if they were formed in dissipationless mergers, which should preserve the ratio of BH to stellar mass, M . This scenario appears to be consistent with the slow increase in σ with L and the more rapid increase in effective radii with L seen in BCGs as compared to less luminous galaxies. If BCGs have large BHs commensurate with their luminosities, then the local BH mass function for M • > 3 × 10 9 M ☉ would be nearly an order of magnitude richer than that inferred from the M • -σ relationship. The volume density of the most luminous QSOs may favor the M • - L relationship.

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Metadata

Authors
Lauer, T. R., Faber, S. M., Richstone, D., Gebhardt, K., Tremaine, S., Postman, M., Dressler, A., Aller, M. C., Filippenko, A. V., Green, R., Ho, L. C., Kormendy, J., Magorrian, J., & Pinkney, J.
Venue
The Astrophysical Journal
Publisher
American Astronomical Society
Published
2007-06-20
Volume
662
Issue
2
Pages
808-834
ISSN
  • 0004-637X (ISSN-L)
  • 1538-4357
DOI
10.1086/518223
OpenAlex
W2022050977
Cited by
411
References
73
FWCI
26.37
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The Masses of Nuclear Black Holes in Luminous Elliptical Galaxies and Implications for the Space Density of the Most Massive Black Holes. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1086/518223
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Lauer, T. R., Faber, S. M., Richstone, D., Gebhardt, K., Tremaine, S., Postman, M., Dressler, A., Aller, M. C., Filippenko, A. V., Green, R., Ho, L. C., Kormendy, J., Magorrian, J., & Pinkney, J. (2007). The Masses of Nuclear Black Holes in Luminous Elliptical Galaxies and Implications for the Space Density of the Most Massive Black Holes. The Astrophysical Journal. https://doi.org/10.1086/518223

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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.