Phenol‐Soluble Modulin α3 Enhances the Human Neutrophil Lysis Mediated by Panton‐Valentine Leukocidin
Abstract
Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) has long been considered a critical toxin in severe Staphylococcus aureus infection. PVL presumably breaches the body's defense system by lysing human polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs). Recently, however, bioactive peptides--phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs)--have been proposed as the main player in the lysis of PMNs, rather than PVL. This study aimed to resolve uncertainty concerning the cause of the lysis of human PMNs by using recombinant PVL toxins and PVL-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. The recombinant PVL toxins showed strong lytic activity against human but not murine neutrophils. Moreover, the lytic activity of culture supernatants of strains USA400 MW2 and USA300 FPR3757 were completely neutralized by anti-PVL monoclonal antibodies. In contrast, phenol-soluble modulin alpha 3--the most potent PSM peptide--failed to lyse human PMNs at the concentrations contained in the culture supernatants. Phenol-soluble modulin alpha 3 did, however, enhance PVL-mediated lysis of human PMNs.
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Neutrophils, the primary target cells for pvl, are highly insensitive to this pore-forming toxin in mice.
“The importance of pvl in S. aureus infections is mostly controversial mainly due to the limitations of the widely used murine models [65], [66], [67], [68], [69], as neutrophils, the primary target cells for pvl, are highly insensitive to this pore-forming toxin in mice [68], [70], [71].”
From Interactions of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA300 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Polymicrobial Wound Infection (2013) · cites this paper as [71]
S. aureus cannot fully utilize iron from murine hemoglobin.
“In addition, S. aureus cannot fully utilize iron from murine hemoglobin [68], [70], [71].”
From Interactions of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA300 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Polymicrobial Wound Infection (2013) · cites this paper as [71]
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- Authors
- Hongo, I., Baba, T., Oishi, K., Morimoto, Y., Ito, T., & Hiramatsu, K.
- Affiliations
- Juntendo University (JP)
- Denka (Japan) (JP)
- Venue
- The Journal of Infectious Diseases
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2009-09
- Volume
- 200
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 715-723
- ISSN
- 0022-1899 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-6613
- OpenAlex
- W2146759278
- Cited by
- 80
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 7.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Infectious Diseases (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Keywords
- Panton-Valentine leukocidin, Staphylococcus aureus, neutrophil lysis, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, host defense evasion, virulence factors
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Animals, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Antitoxins, Bacterial Toxins, Cell Survival, Exotoxins, Humans, Leukocidins, Neutralization Tests, Neutrophils, Recombinant Proteins, Staphylococcus aureus, Mice
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