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Conceptual Synthesis in Community Ecology

Vellend, Mark·2010·The Quarterly Review of Biology
DOI 10.1086/652373
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Abstract

Community ecology is often perceived as a "mess, "given the seemingly vast number of processes that can underlie the many patterns of interest, and the apparent uniqueness of each study system. However, at the most general level, patterns in the composition and diversity of species--the subject matter of community ecology--are influenced by only four classes of process: selection, drift, speciation, and dispersal. Selection represents deterministic fitness differences among species, drift represents stochastic changes in species abundance, speciation creates new species, and dispersal is the movement of organisms across space. All theoretical and conceptual models in community ecology can be understood with respect to their emphasis on these four processes. Empirical evidence exists for all of these processes and many of their interactions, with a predominance of studies on selection. Organizing the material of community ecology according to this framework can clarify the essential similarities and differences among the many conceptual and theoretical approaches to the discipline, and it can also allow for the articulation of a very general theory of community dynamics: species are added to communities via speciation and dispersal, and the relative abundances of these species are then shaped by drift and selection, as well as ongoing dispersal to drive community dynamics.

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Cited by

Metadata

Authors
Vellend, M.
Venue
The Quarterly Review of Biology
Publisher
University of Chicago Press
Published
2010-06
Volume
85
Issue
2
Pages
183-206
ISSN
  • 0033-5770 (ISSN-L)
  • 1539-7718
DOI
10.1086/652373
OpenAlex
W2006802554
Cited by
2,832
References
6
FWCI
36.16
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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