The Application of Ecological Theory Toward an Understanding of the Human Microbiome
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The human-microbial ecosystem plays a variety of important roles in human health and disease. Each person can be viewed as an island-like “patch” of habitat occupied by microbial assemblages formed by the fundamental processes of community ecology: dispersal, local diversification, environmental selection, and ecological drift. Community assembly theory, and metacommunity theory in particular, provides a framework for understanding the ecological dynamics of the human microbiome, such as compositional variability within and between hosts. We explore three core scenarios of human microbiome assembly: development in infants, representing assembly in previously unoccupied habitats; recovery from antibiotics, representing assembly after disturbance; and invasion by pathogens, representing assembly in the context of invasive species. Judicious application of ecological theory may lead to improved strategies for restoring and maintaining the microbiota and the crucial health-associated ecosystem services that it provides.
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Such striking differences emphasize the complex interactions among food customs, dietary history, and gut microbiomes that complicate study of the nutritional and functional benefits of algal foods.
“Such striking differences emphasize the complex interactions among food customs, dietary history, and gut microbiomes that complicate study of the nutritional and functional benefits of algal foods (Paulsen and Barsett 2005; Costello et al. 2012; Gordon 2012; Nicholson et al. 2012).”
From Algae as nutritional and functional food sources: revisiting our understanding. (2017) · cites this paper as Costello et al. 2012
Transformation, conjugation, and transduction are all implicated in transfer of antibiotic resistance genes.
“All three mechanisms have been implicated in transfer of antibiotic resistance genes (Figure 3) [97, 110].”
From Antibiotic-Induced Changes in the Intestinal Microbiota and Disease (2016) · cites this paper as [110]
Bacteria can exchange antibiotic resistance genes via horizontal gene transfer.
“Bacteria can exchange ARGs via horizontal gene transfer (HGT).”
From Antibiotic-Induced Changes in the Intestinal Microbiota and Disease (2016) · cites this paper as [110]
Eruption of primary deciduous dentition introduces new substrata for microbial colonization, thus introducing ecological shifts within the oral microbiome.
“Eruption of primary deciduous dentition introduces new substrata for microbial colonization, thus introducing ecological shifts within the oral microbiome.130, 131”
From The oral microbiome: Role of key organisms and complex networks in oral health and disease (2021) · cites this paper as [131]
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- Authors
- Costello, E. K., Stagaman, K., Dethlefsen, L., Bohannan, B. J. M., & Relman, D. A.
- Affiliations
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- University of Oregon (US)
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System (US)
- Corresponding author
- Relman, David A.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2012-06-08
- Volume
- 336
- Issue
- 6086
- Pages
- 1255-1262
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- PMC
- PMC4208626
- OpenAlex
- W2083717261
- Cited by
- 1,437
- References
- 86
- Citations by year
- 2026: 57 · 2025: 66 · 2024: 87 · 2023: 96 · 2022: 127 · 2021: 141 · 2020: 117 · 2019: 146 · 2018: 112 · 2017: 116 · 2016: 105 · 2015: 101 · 2014: 90 · 2013: 54 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 7.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (DP1OD000964, R01OD011116)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32GM007413, R01GM095385)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Nature and Landscape Conservation › Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Keywords
- human microbiome, community assembly, metacommunity theory, microbial dispersal, ecological drift, pathogen invasion, microbiota restoration, host-microbe interactions, ecosystem services
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Bacterial Infections, Ecology, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Selection, Genetic, Symbiosis, Ecosystem, Gastrointestinal Tract, Biodiversity, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Metagenome
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