Cited by 216Family Dynamics and RelationshipsEvolutionary Psychology and Human BehaviorIndigenous Cultures and Socio-Education

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Demography and Childcare in Preindustrial Societies

Hewlett, Barry S.·1991·Journal of Anthropological Research

DOI 10.1086/jar.47.1.3630579

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Abstract

This article considers the relationships between selected demographic structures (total fertility, infant and child mortality, sex-age distribution, divorce rate, causes of death) and childcare patterns among hunter-gatherers, horticulturalists, and pastoralists. Demographic data from fifty-seven preindustrial societies indicate that the demographic structure of a population can be useful for understanding intercultural variability in caregiving practices identified in "traditional" characterizations of childcare in these populations (e.g., indulgent care, multiple caregivers, multiage play groups). Analysis of demographic structures also identifies two "emergent" features of childcare in preindustrial populations that are infrequently mentioned in socialization studies of these populations: stepparent-stepchild relations and differential investment in sons and daughters.

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Authors: Hewlett, B. S.
Corresponding author: Hewlett, Barry S.
ORCID: Hewlett, Barry S.
Venue: Journal of Anthropological Research
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Published: 1991-04
Volume: 47
Issue: 1
Pages: 1-37
ISSN: 0038-4801 (ISSN-L)
0091-7710
2153-3806
DOI: 10.1086/jar.47.1.3630579
OpenAlex: W1601344902
Cited by: 216
References: 88
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 4
FWCI: 3.16
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Anthropological Research (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Demography › Family Dynamics and Relationships
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
Social Sciences › Cultural Studies › Indigenous Cultures and Socio-Education
Keywords: child care, pre-industrial societies, hunter-gatherers, horticulturists, pastoralists, total fertility rate, infant mortality, child mortality, divorce rates, causes of death, caregiving practices, multiple caregivers
MeSH terms: Anthropology, Anthropology, Cultural, Behavior, Birth Rate, Child Care, Child Rearing, Culture, Demography, Developing Countries, Family Characteristics, Family Relations, Fertility, Foster Home Care, Geography, Infant Mortality, Mortality, Nuclear Family, Population, Population Characteristics, Population Dynamics, Psychology, Research, Sex, Sex Factors, Sex Ratio, Social Sciences, Social Values, Sex Distribution

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Demography and Childcare in Preindustrial Societies

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