The DOI matches its Crossref record; 85 of the 88 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Demography and Childcare in Preindustrial Societies
Abstract
This article considers the relationships between selected demographic structures (total fertility, infant and child mortality, sex-age distribution, divorce rate, causes of death) and childcare patterns among hunter-gatherers, horticulturalists, and pastoralists. Demographic data from fifty-seven preindustrial societies indicate that the demographic structure of a population can be useful for understanding intercultural variability in caregiving practices identified in "traditional" characterizations of childcare in these populations (e.g., indulgent care, multiple caregivers, multiage play groups). Analysis of demographic structures also identifies two "emergent" features of childcare in preindustrial populations that are infrequently mentioned in socialization studies of these populations: stepparent-stepchild relations and differential investment in sons and daughters.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“yet hunter-gatherers and horticulturalists display similar age-schedules of survivorship [20], [21] and fertility [22], [23].”
From Physical Activity and Modernization among Bolivian Amerindians (2013) · cites this paper as [22]
Citations
Cites
The genetical theory of natural selection
Fisher, R. A. (1930) · doi:10.5962/bhl.title.27468 · Cited by 17,617
IntCal13 and Marine13 radiocarbon age calibration curves 0–50,000 years cal BP
Reimer, P. J., Bard, E., Bayliss, A., Beck, J. W., Blackwell, P. G., Ramsey, C. B., Buck, C. E., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., Friedrich, M., et al. (2013) · Radiocarbon · doi:10.2458/azu_js_rc.55.16947 · Cited by 14,591
Willow Smoke and Dogs’ Tails: Hunter-Gatherer Settlement Systems and Archaeological Site Formation
Binford, L. R. (1980) · American Antiquity · doi:10.2307/279653 · Cited by 2,653
The human skeleton in forensic medicine
J.A.S. (1963) · American Journal of Orthodontics · doi:10.1016/0002-9416(63)90175-1 · Cited by 1,646
Meindl, R. S., & Lovejoy, C. O. (1985) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330680106 · Cited by 1,582
Developmental juvenile osteology.
Hall, C. M. (2001) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - British Volume · doi:10.1302/0301-620x.83b3.0830464b · Cited by 1,429
The !Kung San: Men, Women and Work in a Foraging Society.
Ingold, T., & Lee, R. B. (1981) · Man · doi:10.2307/2801993 · Cited by 1,401
Estimation of stature from long bones of American Whites and Negroes
Trotter, M., & Gleser, G. C. (1952) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330100407 · Cited by 1,182
Standard cross-cultural sample
Murdock, G. P., & White, D. R. (1969) · Ethnology · doi:10.2307/3772907 · Cited by 1,149
History of Human Life Span and Mortality
Ho., J., Acsadi, G., & Nemeskéri, J. (1971) · Population · doi:10.2307/1529880 · Cited by 1,094
Lovejoy, C. O. (1985) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330680105 · Cited by 811
Chagnon, N. A. (1968) · Andalas University Repository (Andalas University) · Cited by 805
My Brother's Keeper: Child and Sibling Caretaking [and Comments and Reply]
Weisner, T. S., Gallimore, R. G., Bacon, M. K., Barry, H., Bell, C., Novaes, S. C., Edwards, C. P., Goswami, B. B., Minturn, L., Nerlove, S. B., et al. (1977) · Current Anthropology · doi:10.1086/201883 · Cited by 613
Radcliffe-Brown, A. R. (1933) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 569
Digging up bones: The excavation, treatment and study of human skeletal remains
Brothwell, D. R. (1972) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 563
Nancy, H. (2017) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203793480 · Cited by 547
Cultural Transmission Among Aka Pygmies
Hewlett, B. S., & Cavalli-Sforza, L. L. (1986) · American Anthropologist · doi:10.1525/aa.1986.88.4.02a00100 · Cited by 459
Self-citationSex determination of infant and juvenile skeletons: I. Morphognostic features
Schutkowski, H. (1993) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330900206 · Cited by 418
Health and the rise of civilization
Crosby, A. W. (1990) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.27-2745 · Cited by 375
Human osteology : a laboratory and field manual of the human skeleton
Bass, W. M. (1971) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 361
Pearson, K. (1899) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series A Containing Papers of a Mathematical or Physical Character · doi:10.1098/rsta.1899.0004 · Cited by 356
Parenthood and Social Reproduction: Fostering and Occupational Roles in West Africa
Launay, R., & Goody, E. N. (1982) · Man · doi:10.2307/2802061 · Cited by 319
STUDIES ON THE XAVANTE INDIANS OF THE BRAZILIAN MATO GROSSO.
Neel, J. V., Salzano, F. M., Junqueira, P. C., Keiter, F., & Maybury‐Lewis, D. (1964) · PubMed Central · Cited by 267
Human parental care: Universal goals, cultural strategies, individual behavior
Levine, R. A. (1988) · New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development · doi:10.1002/cd.23219884003 · Cited by 242
Firth, R., Whiting, B. B., & Whiting, J. W. M. (1975) · RAIN · doi:10.2307/3032456 · Cited by 233
Multiregional, not multiple origins
Wolpoff, M. H., Hawks, J. D., & Caspari, R. (2000) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(200005)112:1 · Cited by 231
The anatomy and biology of the human skeleton
Burr, D. B. (1989) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/0047-2484(89)90056-0 · Cited by 204
Adoption and Kinship in Oceania
Silk, J. B. (1980) · American Anthropologist · doi:10.1525/aa.1980.82.4.02a00050 · Cited by 195
Hayden, B., Bowdler, S., Butzer, K. W., Cohen, M. N., Druss, M., Dunnell, R. C., Goodyear, A. C., Hardesty, D. L., Hassan, F. A., Kamminga, J., et al. (1981) · Current Anthropology · doi:10.1086/202725 · Cited by 184
Firth, R. (1957) · Cited by 179
Himalayan Households: Tamang Demography and Domestic Processes.
Cain, M. T., & Fricke, T. (1986) · Population and Development Review · doi:10.2307/1973442 · Cited by 163
Pospisil, L. J. (1972) · Cited by 154
Multiple Caretaking of Efe (Pygmy) Infants
Tronick, E. Z., Morelli, G. A., & Winn, S. (1987) · American Anthropologist · doi:10.1525/aa.1987.89.1.02a00050 · Cited by 153
Hugh-Jones, S. P., & Chagnon, N. A. (1974) · Man · doi:10.2307/2801158 · Cited by 151
10 Maternal Care, Infant Behavior and Development among the !Kung
Konner, M. J. (1976) · Harvard University Press eBooks · doi:10.4159/harvard.9780674430600.c17 · Cited by 150
Fertility in Traditional Societies
Campbell, K. L., & Wood, J. W. (1988) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-349-09961-0_4 · Cited by 146
The Mbuti Pygmies : an ethnographic survey
Turnbull, C. M. (1965) · American Museum of Natural History eBooks · Cited by 145
Nyansongo, a Gusii community in Kenya
Levine, R. A., & Lloyd, B. (1966) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 132
Hugh-Jones, S., & Siskind, J. (1974) · Man · doi:10.2307/2801157 · Cited by 128
Sieff, D. F., Betzig, L. L., Cronk, L., Fix, A. G., Flinn, M. V., Sattenspiel, L., Gibson, K. R., Herring, D. A., Howell, N. E., Johansson, S. R., et al. (1990) · Current Anthropology · doi:10.1086/203801 · Cited by 126
9 Social and Economic Constraints on Child Life among the !Kung
(1976) · Kalahari Hunter-Gatherers · doi:10.4159/harvard.9780674430600.c16 · Cited by 125
Sahelian Pastoralists: Underdevelopment, Desertification, and Famine
Swift, J. (1977) · Annual Review of Anthropology · doi:10.1146/annurev.an.06.100177.002325 · Cited by 117
Cardoso, H. F. V., & Saunders, S. R. (2008) · Forensic Science International · doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2008.01.012 · Cited by 113
Household Density and Infant Care in an East African Society
Munroe, R. H. C., & Munroe, R. L. (1971) · The Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/00224545.1971.9919967 · Cited by 111
Marriage and the Family among the Plateau Tonga of Northern Rhodesia.
Colson, E. (1958) · Cited by 110
Emerging Complexity: The Later Prehistory of South-East Spain, Iberia and the West Mediterranean
Chapman, R. (1990) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511735486 · Cited by 104
Demographic and endocrinological aspects of low natural fertility in highland New Guinea
Wood, J. W., Johnson, P. L., & Campbell, K. L. (1985) · Journal of Biosocial Science · doi:10.1017/s0021932000015479 · Cited by 100
THE POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES
(1925) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.61.1582.xii-t · Cited by 95
The dynamics of polyandry: kinship, domesticity, and population on the Tibetan border
(1989) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.26-4546 · Cited by 87
From Hunters to Herders: Subsistence Change as a Reproductive Strategy among the Mukogodo
Cronk, L. (1989) · Current Anthropology · doi:10.1086/203736 · Cited by 86
Femur/stature ratio and estimates of stature in children
Feldesman, M. R. (1992) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330870406 · Cited by 81
Above the Forest: A Study of Andamanese Ethnoanemology, Cosmology, and the Power of Ritual.
Gell, S. M. S., & Pandya, V. (1994) · Man · doi:10.2307/2804551 · Cited by 80
Early dry season subsistence ecology of Cuiva (Hiwi) foragers of Venezuela
Hurtado, A. M., & Hill, K. R. (1987) · Human Ecology · doi:10.1007/bf00888379 · Cited by 76
Social organization of the northern Tungus
Shirokogoroff, S. M. (1966) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 73
Hunter-Gatherers of the New World
Hill, K. R., & Hurtado, A. (1989) · American Scientist · Cited by 71
Aboriginal adolescence: maidenhood in an Australian community
(1989) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.26-3940 · Cited by 67
The Eskimos: Their Environment and Folkways.
Brant, C. S., & Weyer, E. M. (1970) · Man · doi:10.2307/2798997 · Cited by 65
Sahlins, M. (2021) · Barcelona eBooks · Cited by 62
6 The Population of the Dobe Area !Kung
Howell, N. E. (1976) · Harvard University Press eBooks · doi:10.4159/harvard.9780674430600.c11 · Cited by 50
The bell beaker cultures of Spain and Portugal
de Castro, G. D. (1978) · Boletín del Seminario de Estudios de Arte y Arqueología: BSAA · Cited by 46
Forest Traders: A Socio-Economic Study of the Hill Pandaram
Halbar, B. G., & Morris, B. (1984) · Man · doi:10.2307/2803251 · Cited by 45
Factors Affecting Infant Care in the Kipsigis
Mulder, M. B., & Milton, M. (1985) · Journal of Anthropological Research · doi:10.1086/jar.41.3.3630593 · Cited by 44
Irurita, J., & Aguilera, I. A. (2016) · International Journal of Legal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00414-016-1354-z · Cited by 42
Headland, T. N. (1986) · University Microfilms International eBooks · Cited by 41
A Borneo childhood : enculturation in Dusun society
WILLIAMS, T. R. (1969) · Holt, Rinehart and Winston eBooks · Cited by 37
Population Structures of Ghanzi and Ngamiland !Kung
Harpending, H. C., & Wandsnider, L. (1982) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-6769-1_2 · Cited by 33
Sex differentials in survivorship and the customary treatment of infants and children
McKee, L. (1984) · Medical Anthropology · doi:10.1080/01459740.1984.9965894 · Cited by 33
A Matter of Life and Death: An Investigation Into the Practice of Female Infanticide in the Arctic
Schrire, C., & Steiger, W. L. (1974) · Man · doi:10.2307/2800072 · Cited by 33
Culture and Behavior of the Sebei: A Study in Continuity and Adaptation
BEIDELMAN, T. O., Goldschmidt, W. R., & Goldschmidt, G. (1977) · The International Journal of African Historical Studies · doi:10.2307/216764 · Cited by 32
7 Regional Variation in !Kung Populations
Harpending, H. C. (1976) · Harvard University Press eBooks · doi:10.4159/harvard.9780674430600.c12 · Cited by 30
Population dynamics among Asmat hunter-gatherers of New Guinea: Data, methods, comparisons
Arsdale, P. W. V. (1978) · Human Ecology · doi:10.1007/bf00889419 · Cited by 28
Sedentism and changing fertility patterns in a Northern athapascan isolate
Roth, E. A. (1981) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/s0047-2484(81)80005-x · Cited by 25
Yuqui: Forest Nomads in a Changing World
Stearman, A. M. (1989) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 24
Evolutionary implications of the ethnography and demography of Ayoreo Indians
Diez, A. A. P., & Salzano, F. M. (1978) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/s0047-2484(78)80116-x · Cited by 22
Time allocation, work and fertility among Efe Pygmy women of northeast Zaire
Peacock, N. R. (1985) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 21
Jones, F. L. (1962) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 19
A Note on Fertility among the Tallensi of the Gold Coast
Fortes, M. (1943) · The Sociological Review · doi:10.1111/j.1467-954x.1943.tb02246.x · Cited by 19
Fertility and child development: An anthropological approach
Levine, R. A. (1983) · New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development · doi:10.1002/cd.23219832005 · Cited by 13
Endicott, K. L. (1979) · ANU Open Research (Australian National University) · doi:10.25911/5d7783d7e004f · Cited by 10
Morelli, G. A. (1987) · Scholarworks (University of Massachusetts Amherst) · doi:10.7275/10879 · Cited by 8
Paternal Behavior and Group Competition
Alcorta, C. S. (1982) · Cross-Cultural Research · doi:10.1177/106939718201700101 · Cited by 7
L'isolat esquimau de Thulé (Groenland)
Malaurie, J., Tabah, L., Sutter, J., & Tabah, L. (1952) · Population · doi:10.2307/1524871 · Cited by 5
Flores, R. C. (2011) · Dialnet (Universidad de la Rioja) · Cited by 5
Soldevila, I. P. (1992) · Cited by 4
[Anthropology and demography].
Olivier, G. (1971) · PubMed · Cited by 2
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Who keeps children alive? A review of the effects of kin on child survival
Sear, R., & Mace, R. H. (2007) · Evolution and Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2007.10.001 · Cited by 1,054
Longevity Among Hunter‐ Gatherers: A Cross‐Cultural Examination
Gurven, M., & Kaplan, H. (2007) · Population and Development Review · doi:10.1111/j.1728-4457.2007.00171.x · Cited by 670
Primate socio-ecology: The end of a golden age
Janson, C. H. (2000) · Evolutionary Anthropology Issues News and Reviews · doi:10.1002/(sici)1520-6505(2000)9:2 · Cited by 176
Grandparental investment: Past, present, and future
Coall, D. A., & Hertwig, R. (2010) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x09991105 · Cited by 579
Mate Preferences and Their Behavioral Manifestations
Buss, D. M., & Schmitt, D. P. (2019) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-010418-103408 · Cited by 503
Metadata
- Authors
- Hewlett, B. S.
- Corresponding author
- Hewlett, Barry S.
- ORCID
- Hewlett, Barry S.
- Venue
- Journal of Anthropological Research
- Publisher
- University of Chicago Press
- Published
- 1991-04
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-37
- ISSN
- 0038-4801 (ISSN-L)
- 0091-7710
- 2153-3806
- OpenAlex
- W1601344902
- Cited by
- 216
- References
- 88
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 3.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Anthropological Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Demography › Family Dynamics and Relationships
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
- Social Sciences › Cultural Studies › Indigenous Cultures and Socio-Education
- Keywords
- child care, pre-industrial societies, hunter-gatherers, horticulturists, pastoralists, total fertility rate, infant mortality, child mortality, divorce rates, causes of death, caregiving practices, multiple caregivers
- MeSH terms
- Anthropology, Anthropology, Cultural, Behavior, Birth Rate, Child Care, Child Rearing, Culture, Demography, Developing Countries, Family Characteristics, Family Relations, Fertility, Foster Home Care, Geography, Infant Mortality, Mortality, Nuclear Family, Population, Population Characteristics, Population Dynamics, Psychology, Research, Sex, Sex Factors, Sex Ratio, Social Sciences, Social Values, Sex Distribution
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review