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Cited by 118Atomic and Molecular PhysicsCold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein CondensatesAdvanced Frequency and Time Standards

Cooling methods in ion traps

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Itano, Wayne M, Bergquist, J C, Bollinger, J J, Wineland, D J·1995·Physica Scripta
DOI 10.1088/0031-8949/1995/t59/013
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Abstract

In many experiments utilizing ion traps, the ions must be cooled in order to increase the precision and accuracy of the measurements. Laser cooling is very effective when it can be applied, but it can only be used with a few kinds of ions, since it depends critically on the details of the electronic level structure. Other methods, such as resistive cooling, active-feedback cooling, collisional cooling, radiofrequency side-band cooling, or sympathetic laser cooling, can be applied to many kinds of ions. Progress in cooling of trapped ions has made possible improved measurements of mass ratios and atomic spectra and the observation of new phenomena, such as the formation of ordered Coulomb "crystals" of ions.

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  • Applying sideband cooling, the magnetron energy takes the value Em = -Ez(νm/νz), which is in the range of a few mK if Ez ∼ 4.2 K.

    “However, applying sideband cooling [2, 28, 29], the magnetron energy takes the value E m =-Ez (ν m /ν z ) , which is in the range of a few mK (if Ez ∼ 4 . 2 K).”

    From Theory of the coplanar-waveguide Penning trap (2011) · cites this paper as [28]

    Section 5.1 describes rf sideband cooling of magnetron motion through coupling to the axial mode. The subsequent discussion (page not available in our copy) says axial thermal noise sets the cooling limit, but the accessible text does not give Em = −Ez(νm/νz) or the estimate of a few mK for Ez ≈ 4.2 K. (LLM, conf=0.82)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • In Penning trap experiments, typical RF resonators have Q ~ 10^4, so the particle's energy is irreversibly dissipated almost instantly and τ = 1/Ω is the resistive cooling time constant.

    “In Penning trap experiments such as in Refs.33-35, typical values of the used RF resonators 36 are Q 10 4 .Thus, in those cases, once delivered to the resonator, the particle's energy is irreversibly dissipated almost instantly 37 and s ¼ 1=X is denoted as the “resistive cooling time constant.””

    From Coherent coupling of a trapped electron to a distant superconducting microwave cavity (2020) · cites this paper as [37]

    Section 2, “Resistive cooling” (page not supplied), says ions dissipate energy through currents induced in an external circuit and gives a time constant for energy damping. It does not say that energy delivered to the resonator is dissipated almost instantly or identify the time constant as 1/Ω. The Q value is cited to a different reference in the citing sentence, so it is not assessed against this source. (LLM, conf=0.83)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Authors
Itano, W. M., Bergquist, J. C., Bollinger, J. J., & Wineland, D. J.
Affiliations
National Institute of Standards and Technology (US)
ORCID
Venue
Physica Scripta
Publisher
IOP Publishing
Published
1995-01-01
Volume
T59
Pages
106-120
ISSN
  • 0031-8949 (ISSN-L)
  • 1402-4896
DOI
10.1088/0031-8949/1995/t59/013
OpenAlex
W2045104865
Cited by
118
References
155
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 4
FWCI
1.71
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
Physica Scripta (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Atomic and Molecular Physics
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Advanced Frequency and Time Standards
Keywords
laser cooling, collisional cooling, Coulomb crystals, atomic spectra

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