The DOI matches its Crossref record; 296 of the 296 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Antioxidants, Redox Signaling, and Pathophysiology in Schizophrenia: An Integrative View
Open accessAbstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) is a brain disorder that has been intensively studied for over a century; yet, its etiology and multifactorial pathophysiology remain a puzzle. However, significant advances have been made in identifying numerous abnormalities in key biochemical systems. One among these is the antioxidant defense system (AODS) and redox signaling. This review summarizes the findings to date in human studies. The evidence can be broadly clustered into three major themes: perturbations in AODS, relationships between AODS alterations and other systems ( i.e. , membrane structure, immune function, and neurotransmission), and clinical implications. These domains of AODS have been examined in samples from both the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. Findings in patients with SZ include decreased nonenzymatic antioxidants, increased lipid peroxides and nitric oxides, and homeostatic imbalance of purine catabolism. Reductions of plasma antioxidant capacity are seen in patients with chronic illness as well as early in the course of SZ. Notably, these data indicate that many AODS alterations are independent of treatment effects. Moreover, there is burgeoning evidence indicating a link among oxidative stress, membrane defects, immune dysfunction, and multineurotransmitter pathologies in SZ. Finally, the body of evidence reviewed herein provides a theoretical rationale for the development of novel treatment approaches. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 15, 2011–2035.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“and represent a valid animal model, as low brain GSH levels (18,19) and genetic association with GCLM have been reported in schizophrenia (22).”
From Perineuronal nets protect fast-spiking interneurons against oxidative stress (2013) · cites this paper as [19]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Reduced antioxidant enzymes are reported in schizophrenic patients (4–8)”
From Prolonged Period of Cortical Plasticity upon Redox Dysregulation in Fast-Spiking Interneurons (2015) · cites this paper as [6]
In the citing paper
“Evidence for oxidative stress has been found in patients with schizophrenia, including increased lipid and protein oxidation in blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and post-mortem tissue 36,37 , as well as altered levels of plasma antioxidants (such as vitamins C and E, catalase, GSH and GSH-peroxidase) 36,38 and CSF superoxide dismutase-1 levels 39 .”
From Linking early-life NMDAR hypofunction and oxidative stress in schizophrenia pathogenesis (2016) · cites this paper as [38]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Nitric oxide: physiology, pathophysiology, and pharmacology.
Moncada, S., Palmer, R. M., & Higgs, E. A. (1991) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0031-6997(25)06663-3 · Cited by 15,525
Free Radicals in the Physiological Control of Cell Function
Dröge, W. (2002) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00018.2001 · Cited by 9,855
Nitric Oxide and Peroxynitrite in Health and Disease
Pacher, P., Beckman, J. S., & Liaudet, L. (2007) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00029.2006 · Cited by 6,390
Oxyl radicals, redox-sensitive signalling cascades and antioxidants
Genestra, M. (2007) · Cellular Signalling · doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2007.04.009 · Cited by 4,930
Vascular endothelial cells synthesize nitric oxide from L-arginine
Palmer, R. M. J., Ashton, D., & Moncada, S. (1988) · Nature · doi:10.1038/333664a0 · Cited by 4,786
Oxidative Stress, Glutamate, and Neurodegenerative Disorders
Coyle, J. T., & Puttfarcken, P. (1993) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7901908 · Cited by 3,762
Janero, D. R. (1990) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/0891-5849(90)90131-2 · Cited by 2,735
Psychiatric disorders in America: the epidemiologic catchment area study
(1991) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.28-5931 · Cited by 2,561
Oxidative damage and mitochondrial decay in aging.
Shigenaga, M. K., Hagen, T. M., & Ames, B. N. (1994) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.91.23.10771 · Cited by 2,055
van Os, J., & Kapur, S. (2009) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(09)60995-8 · Cited by 1,971
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 18
- Bartosz G. Commentary on: free radicals and the developmental pathology of schizophrenic burnout. Integr Psychiatry, 5:43–44. 1987.
- Cadet JL, , Lohr JB. Free radicals and the developmental pathology of schizophrenic burnout. Integr Psychiatry, 5:40–48. 1987.
- Frankel EN. Lipid oxidation. Dundee, Scotland: The Oily Press Ltd., 1998.
- 10.1177/153537029922200312 · DOI
- Halliwell B, , Gutteridge JMC. Oxygen radicals and the central nervous system. TINS, 8:22–26. 1984.
- Horrobin DF. Niacin flushing, prostaglandin E and evening primrose oil: a possible objective test for monitoring therapy in schizophrenia. J Orthomo Psychiatr, 9:33–34. 1980.
- Javitt DC, , Laruelle M. Neurochemical theories. Text Book of Schizophrenia. Lieberman JA, , Stroup TS, , Perkins DO. Washington, DC: The American Psychiatric Publishing, 2006; 85–116.
- Keshaven MS, , Pettegrew JW, , Ward R. Are membrane phospholipid changes in schizophrenia familial? Biol Psychiatry, 33:45A. 1993.
- Mahadik SP, , Yao JK. Phospholipids in schizophrenia. Textbook of Schizophrenia. Lieberman JA, , Stroup TS, , Perkins DO. Washington, DC: The American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc., 2006; 117–135.
- Mahadik SP, , Parikh V, , Khan MM. The role of oxidative stress in modulating membrane and phospholipid function in schizophrenia. Phospholipid Spectrum Disorders in Psychiatry and Neurology. Peet M, , Glen I, , Horrobin D. Carnforth, UK: Marius Press, 2003; 277–288.
- Pillai A, , Reddy R, , Yao JK. Oxidative stress in schizophrenia. Fatty Acids and Oxidative Stress in Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Reddy R, , Yao JK. New York: Nova Biochemical Books, 2007; 29–42.
- Pryor WA, , Stone K. Oxidants in cigarette smoke. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 686:29. 1992.
- Sinet PM, , Debray Q, , Carmagnol F, , Pelicier Y, , Nicole A, , Jerome H. Normal erythrocyte SOD values in two human diseases: schizophrenia and cystic fibrosis. Oxy Radicals and Their Scavenger Systems, Cellular and Medical Aspects, II Greenwald RA, , Cohen G. New York: Elsevier, 1983; 302–304.
- Suzuki K. Chemistry and metabolism of brain lipids. Basic Neurochemistry, 3rd Siegel GJ, , Albers RW, , Agranoff BW, , Katzman R. Boston, MA: Little, Brown & Co., 1981; 355–370.
- 10.1016/S1570-0232(04)00595-1 · DOI
- Yao JK, , van Kammen DP, , Reddy RD, , Kelley ME. Superoxide dismutase and negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry, 43:123S–124S. 1998. · DOI
- Yao JK. Abnormalities of fatty acid metabolism in red cells, platelets and brain in schizophrenia. Phospholipid Spectrum Disorders in Psychiatry and Neurology, 2nd Peet M, , Glen I, , Horrobin DF. Lancashire, UK: Marius Press, 2003; 193–212.
- Zhang ZJ, , Ramchand CN, , Ramchand R, , Milner E, , Telang SD, , Peet M. Glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) activity in plasma and fibroblasts from schizophrenics and control. Biol Psychiatry, 29:103–104. 1998.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 284
Cai, H., Jiang, P., Tan, Q. Y., Dang, R., Tang, M., Xue, Y., DENG, Y., Zhang, B., Fang, P., Xu, P., et al. (2017) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2017.94 · Cited by 39
Self-citationDíaz‐Marsá, M., MacDowell, K. S., Güemes, I., Rubio, V., Carrasco, J. L., & Leza, J. C. (2012) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.09.009 · Cited by 41
Wu, J. Q., Chen, D. C., Tan, Y., Tan, S., Wang, Z. R., Xiu, M. H., Yang, F. D., & Zhang, X. Y. (2013) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2013.11.010 · Cited by 37
Progress in defining the biological causes of schizophrenia
Pickard, B. S. (2011) · Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1017/s1462399411001955 · Cited by 40
Ismail, A. F. M., Moawed, F. S., & Mohamed, M. A. (2015) · Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.10.005 · Cited by 38
Bošković, M., Vovk, T., Koprivšek, J., Plesničar, B. K., & Grabnar, I. (2014) · Nutritional Neuroscience · doi:10.1179/1476830514y.0000000139 · Cited by 37
Tardive dyskinesia is associated with greater cognitive impairment in schizophrenia
Wu, J. Q., Chen, D. C., Xiu, M. H., Tan, Y., Yang, F. D., Kosten, T. R., & Zhang, X. Y. (2013) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.06.013 · Cited by 37
Bošković, M., Vovk, T., Saje, M., Goričar, K., Dolžan, V., Plesničar, B. K., & Grabnar, I. (2012) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1007/s11064-012-0937-4 · Cited by 37
Zugno, A. I., Canever, L., Heylmann, A. S., Wessler, P. G., Steckert, A. V., Mastella, G. A., de Oliveira, M. B., Damázio, L. S., Pacheco, F. D., Calixto, O. P., et al. (2016) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.06.013 · Cited by 37
Smesny, S., Milleit, B., Schaefer, M. R., Hipler, U.-C., Milleit, C., Wiegand, C., Hesse, J., Klier, C. M., Holub, M., Holzer, I., et al. (2015) · Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids · doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2015.07.001 · Cited by 36
Zhu, M., Liu, Z., Guo, Y., Sultana, S., Wu, K., Lang, X., Lv, Q., Huang, X., Yi, Z., & Li, Z. (2021) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-021-02261-5 · Cited by 36
Erythrocyte glutathione levels as long-term predictor of transition to psychosis
Lavoie, S., Berger, M., Schlögelhofer, M., Schäfer, M. R., Rice, S., Kim, S.-W., Hesse, J., McGorry, P. D., Smesny, S., & Amminger, G. P. (2017) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2017.30 · Cited by 35
Pawełczyk, T., Grancow-Grabka, M., Trafalska, E., Szemraj, J., & Pawełczyk, A. M. (2017) · Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids · doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2017.05.004 · Cited by 35
Silva, T. D., Hafizi, S., Andreazza, A. C., Michael Kiang, A., Bagby, R. M., Navas, E., Laksono, I., Truong, P., Gerritsen, C. J., Prce, I., et al. (2017) · The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1093/ijnp/pyx094 · Cited by 35
Górny, M., Bilska‐Wilkosz, A., Iciek, M., Hereta, M., Kamińska, K., Kamińska, A., Chwatko, G., Rogóż, Z., & Lorenc‐Koci, E. (2020) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox9060538 · Cited by 35
Peripheral non-enzymatic antioxidants in patients with schizophrenia: a case-control study
Lu, Z., Wen, T., Wang, Y., Kan, W., & Xun, G. (2020) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-020-02635-8 · Cited by 32
Neurobiological mechanisms of mood disorders: Stress vulnerability and resilience
Pereira, C. M., Castro, F. C. D. A. Q., Barcelos, R. M., Chiepe, K. C. M. B., Rossoni, J. V., Ambrósio, R. P., Chiarelli-Neto, O., & Pesarico, A. P. (2022) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2022.1006836 · Cited by 36
Early Life and Oxidative Stress in Psychiatric Disorders: What Can we Learn From Animal Models?
Mhillaj, E., Morgese, M. G., & Trabace, L. (2015) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/1381612821666150105122422 · Cited by 32
An Update on Promising Biomarkers in Schizophrenia
Goldsmith, D. R., Crooks, C. L., Walker, E. F., & Cotes, R. O. (2018) · FOCUS The Journal of Lifelong Learning in Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.focus.20170046 · Cited by 32
Oxidative stress in schizophrenia patients treated with long-acting haloperidol decanoate
Bošković, M., Grabnar, I., Terzić, T., Plesničar, B. K., & Vovk, T. (2013) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2013.08.035 · Cited by 30
Bhuia, M. S., Chowdhury, R., Ara, I., Mamun, M. M. A., Rouf, R., Khan, M. A., Uddin, S. J., Shakil, M. A. K., Habtemariam, S., Ferdous, J., et al. (2024) · Fitoterapia · doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2024.105896 · Cited by 31
Associations between Purine Metabolites and Clinical Symptoms in Schizophrenia
Yao, J. K., Condray, R., Dougherty, G. G., Keshavan, M. S., Montrose, D. M., Matson, W. R., McEvoy, J. P., Kaddurah-Daouk, R. F., & Reddy, R. D. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0042165 · Cited by 29
Self-citationOxidative/Nitrosative Stress in Psychiatric Disorders: Are We There Yet?
O’Donnell, P., Do, K. Q., & Arango, C. (2014) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbu048 · Cited by 29
Steiner, J. H., Brisch, R., Schiltz, K., Dobrowolny, H., Mawrin, C., Krzyżanowska, M., Bernstein, H., Jankowski, Z., Braun, K., Schmitt, A., et al. (2016) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2016.02.018 · Cited by 29
Klimczak, P., Rizzo, A., Castillo-Gómez, E., Pérez-Rando, M., Gramuntell, Y., Beltrán, M. A. C. S., & Nácher, J. (2021) · Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsyn.2021.733989 · Cited by 31
Associations between purine metabolites and monoamine neurotransmitters in first-episode psychosis
Yao, J. K., Dougherty, G. G., Reddy, R. D., Matson, W. R., Kaddurah-Daouk, R. F., & Keshavan, M. S. (2013) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2013.00090 · Cited by 28
Self-citationLangbein, K., Hesse, J., Gussew, A., Milleit, B., Lavoie, S., Amminger, G. P., Gaser, C., Wagner, G., Reichenbach, J. R., Hipler, U. ‐., et al. (2017) · Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids · doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2017.10.005 · Cited by 30
Galantamine-Memantine Combination as an Antioxidant Treatment for Schizophrenia
Koola, M. M., Praharaj, S. K., & Pillai, A. (2019) · Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports · doi:10.1007/s40473-019-00174-5 · Cited by 27
Xie, T., Li, Q., Luο, X., Tian, L., Wang, Z., Tan, S., Chen, S., Yang, G., An, H., Yang, F., et al. (2019) · Cognitive Neurodynamics · doi:10.1007/s11571-019-09530-3 · Cited by 27
Ren, Q. (2019) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.00420 · Cited by 28
Györffy, B. A., Gulyássy, P., Gellén, B., Völgyi, K., Madarasi, D., Kis, V., Ozohanics, O., Papp, I., Kovács, P., Lübec, G., et al. (2016) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2016.04.002 · Cited by 27
Suridjan, I., Herrmann, N., Adibfar, A., Saleem, M., Andreazza, A. C., OH, P. I., & Lanctôt, K. L. (2017) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-161248 · Cited by 26
Programmable “Semismart” Sensor: Relevance to Monitoring Antipsychotics
Kim, E., Chocron, S. E., Ben‐Yoav, H., Winkler, T. E., Liu, Y., Glassman, M., Wolfram, C., Kelly, D. L., Reza Ghodssi, A., & Payne, G. F. (2015) · Advanced Functional Materials · doi:10.1002/adfm.201403783 · Cited by 25
Narayanan, B., Ethridge, L. E., O'Neil, K. M., Dunn, S. M., Mathew, I. T., Tandon, N., Calhoun, V. D., Ruaño, G., Kocherla, M., Windemuth, A., et al. (2015) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2014.13101411 · Cited by 25
Self-citationLi, X., Xiu, M. H., Guan, X. N., Wang, Y. C., Wang, J., Leung, E., & Zhang, X. (2021) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1007/s13311-021-01036-3 · Cited by 25
Seabra, G., de Almeida, V., Reis‐de‐Oliveira, G., Crunfli, F., Antunes, A. S. L. M., & Martins‐de‐Souza, D. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-69543-5 · Cited by 24
Caldiroli, A., Capuzzi, E., Barkin, J. L., Grassi, S., Esposito, C. M., Auxilia, A. M., Russo, S., Tagliabue, I., Carnevali, G. S., Mucci, F., et al. (2022) · Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health · doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100453 · Cited by 24
Górny, M., Wnuk, A., Kamińska, A., Kamińska, K., Chwatko, G., Bilska‐Wilkosz, A., Iciek, M., Kajta, M., Rogóż, Z., & Lorenc‐Koci, E. (2019) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules24234253 · Cited by 24
Lavoie, S., Allaman, I., Petit, J.-M., Kim, Q., & Magistretti, P. J. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0022875 · Cited by 23
Dietrich‐Muszalska, A., Kopka, J., & Kwiatkowska, A. (2013) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1007/s11064-013-1050-z · Cited by 23
Scumpia, P. O., Kelly‐Scumpia, K. M., & Stevens, B. R. (2013) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2013.11.006 · Cited by 24
Baş, A., Gültekin, G., İncir, S., Baş, T. Ö., Emül, M., & Duran, A. (2016) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.11.021 · Cited by 23
Oxidative metabolism may be associated with negative symptoms in schizophrenia
Güneş, M., Altındağ, A., Bulut, M., Demir, S., İbiloğlu, A. O., Kaya, M., Atlı, A., & Aksoy, N. (2017) · Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1080/24750573.2017.1293243 · Cited by 22
Nagano, T., Mizuno, M., Morita, K., & Nawa, H. (2015) · Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · doi:10.1007/7854_2015_399 · Cited by 21
Nordholm, D., Poulsen, H. E., Hjorthøj, C. R., Randers, L., Nielsen, M. Ø., Wulff, S., Krakauer, K., Nørbak-Emig, H., Henriksen, T., Glenthoj, B. Y., et al. (2016) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.04.062 · Cited by 21
The Potential of Cerebrolysin in the Treatment of Schizophrenia
Flores, G., & Atzori, M. (2014) · Pharmacology & Pharmacy · doi:10.4236/pp.2014.57079 · Cited by 21
Wang, D., Cao, B., Xu, M., Liu, Y., Yan, L., Liu, R., Wang, J., & Lu, Q. (2015) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000001507 · Cited by 20
Seibt, K. J., Oliveira, R. D. L., Rosemberg, D. B., Savio, L. E. B., Scherer, E. B. S., Schmitz, F., Wyse, Â. T. D. S., & Bonan, C. D. (2011) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-011-0745-z · Cited by 20
Monroy, C. A., Doorn, J. A., & Roman, D. L. (2013) · Chemical Research in Toxicology · doi:10.1021/tx400212q · Cited by 20
Bentsen, H., & Landrø, N. I. (2017) · Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids · doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2017.10.002 · Cited by 19
Signal processing approach to probe chemical space for discriminating redox signatures
Kang, M., Kim, E., Chen, S., Bentley, W. E., Kelly, D. L., & Payne, G. F. (2018) · Biosensors and Bioelectronics · doi:10.1016/j.bios.2018.04.032 · Cited by 18
Malt, E. A., Juhasz, K., Malt, U. F., & Naumann, T. (2016) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2016.00059 · Cited by 21
Zhang, J., Gao, Y., Guo, H., Ding, Y., & Ren, W. (2019) · BMC Veterinary Research · doi:10.1186/s12917-019-2218-9 · Cited by 18
Beeraka, N. M., Ávila-Rodriguez, M., & Aliev, G. (2022) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-021-02703-4 · Cited by 18
Serum Glutathione in Patients with Schizophrenia in Dynamics of Antipsychotic Therapy
Ivanova, S. А., Smirnova, L. P., Щигорева, Ю. Г., Semke, A. V., & Bokhan, N. A. (2015) · Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10517-015-3151-y · Cited by 18
Sarangi, S. C., Kaur, N., & Tripathi, M. (2019) · Epilepsy & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.07.040 · Cited by 18
Lech, M. A., Leśkiewicz, M., Kamińska, K., Rogóż, Z., & Lorenc‐Koci, E. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22126171 · Cited by 20
Ma, M., Ren, Q., Fujita, Y., Ishima, T., Zhang, J., & Hashimoto, K. (2013) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2013.06.005 · Cited by 18
Anwar, A., Mustafa, A. M., Abdou, K., Rabie, M. A., El‐Shiekh, R. A., & El‐Dessouki, A. M. (2025) · Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00210-025-04351-0 · Cited by 28
Schizophrenia and Glutathione: A Challenging Story
Carletti, B., Banaj, N., Piras, F., & Bossù, P. (2023) · Journal of Personalized Medicine · doi:10.3390/jpm13111526 · Cited by 17
Kim, E., Liu, Y., Ben‐Yoav, H., Winkler, T. E., Yan, K., Shi, X., Shen, J., Kelly, D. L., Reza Ghodssi, A., Bentley, W. E., et al. (2016) · Advanced Healthcare Materials · doi:10.1002/adhm.201600516 · Cited by 17
Shao, X., Yan, C., Sun, D., Fu, C., Tian, C., Li, D., & Zhu, G. (2020) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s272278 · Cited by 17
Liu, H., Yu, R., Gao, Y., Li, X., Guan, X., Kosten, T. R., Xiu, M., & Zhang, X. (2021) · Current Neuropharmacology · doi:10.2174/1570159x19666210920090547 · Cited by 16
Rarinca, V., Vasile, A., Visternicu, M., Burlui, V., Halitchi, G., Ciobica, A. S., Sîngeap, A.-M., Dobrin, R., Burlui, E., Maftei, L., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2024.1497569 · Cited by 19
Evaluating negative-symptom-like behavioural changes in developmental models of schizophrenia
Moser, P. C. (2013) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2013.11.004 · Cited by 18
Psychoneuroimmunology of mental disorders
Soria, V., Uribe, J., Salvat‐Pujol, N., Palao, D. J., Menchón, J. M., & Labad, J. (2018) · Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/j.rpsmen.2017.07.002 · Cited by 17
Prokhorova, T. A., Терешкина, Е. Б., Savushkina, O. K., Бокша, И. С., Vorobyeva, E. A., Omelchenko, M. A., Николаевич, П. А., Каледа, В. Г., & Burbaeva, G. S. (2019) · S S Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry · doi:10.17116/jnevro201911904147 · Cited by 16
Song, W., Tavitian, A., Cressatti, M., Galindez, C., Liberman, A., & Schipper, H. M. (2017) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.05.025 · Cited by 17
Increased Oxidant Stress and Inflammation in Patients with Chronic Schizophrenia
Yeĝin, A., Ay, N., Aydın, Ö., Yargici, N., Eren, E., & Yılmaz, N. (2012) · International Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.4236/ijcm.2012.35070 · Cited by 15
Gong, Y., Lu, Z., Kang, Z., Feng, X., Zhang, Y., Sun, Y., Chen, W., Xun, G., & Yue, W. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1019618 · Cited by 15
The role of infections and inflammation in schizophrenia: review of the evidence
Ahmed, G. K., Ramadan, H. K., Elbeh, K., & Haridy, N. A. (2024) · Middle East Current Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s43045-024-00397-7 · Cited by 16
The sulfite molecule enhances homocysteine toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells
Gündoğdu, G., Dodurga, Y., & Küçükatay, V. (2019) · Molecular Biology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11033-019-04850-3 · Cited by 14
Almulla, A. F., Moustafa, S. R., Al-Dujaili, A. H., Al‐Hakeim, H. K., & Maes, M. H. J. (2020) · Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1590/1516-4446-2020-0908 · Cited by 14
Establishment of an assistive diagnostic model for schizophrenia with oxidative stress biomarkers
Wang, S., Yuan, X., Pang, L., Song, P., Jia, R., & Song, X. (2023) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2023.1158254 · Cited by 14
Cecerska‐Heryć, E., Polikowska, A., Serwin, N. M., Michalczyk, A., Stodolak, P., Goszka, M., Zoń, M., Budkowska, M., Tyburski, E. M., Podwalski, P., et al. (2024) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2024.05.018 · Cited by 13
Li, D., Huang, Y., Lu, H., Zhou, S., Feng, S., Li, H., Li, X., Guo, Y., Fu, C., Chen, G., et al. (2024) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-024-06335-5 · Cited by 14
Yu, Y., Shen, H., Qin, Q., Wang, J., Nie, Y., Wen, L., Tang, Y., & Qu, M. (2025) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.12.057 · Cited by 13
Nutrition and brain health: Implications of Mediterranean diet elements for psychiatric disorders
Akerele, C. A., Koralnik, L. R., Lafont, E., Gilman, C., Walsh‐Messinger, J., & Malaspina, D. (2025) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2025.04.026 · Cited by 18
Vascular–Metabolic Risk Factors and Psychological Stress in Patients with Chronic Tinnitus
Boecking, B., Klasing, S., Walter, M., Brüeggemann, P., Amarjargal, N., Rose, M., & Mazurek, B. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14112256 · Cited by 13
Dietrich‐Muszalska, A., Kopka, J., & Kontek, B. (2014) · Schizophrenia Research and Treatment · doi:10.1155/2014/602390 · Cited by 12
Oxidative Stress in the Early Stage of Psychosis
Ventriglio, A., Bellomo, A., Favale, D., Bonfitto, I., Vitrani, G., Dario, D. S., Cuozzo, E., Ilaria, D. G., Pettorruso, M., Perna, G., et al. (2021) · Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.2174/1568026621666210701105839 · Cited by 12
Gupta, A. K., Kumar, G. K., Rani, K., Pokhriyal, R., Khan, M. I., Kumar, D. R., Goyal, V., Tripathi, M., Gupta, R., Chadda, R. K., et al. (2019) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s198559 · Cited by 11
Kirby, N. V., Tetzlaff, E. J., Kidd, S. A., Brown, E. E., Bezgrebelna, M., Yoon, L., Henderson, S. B., & Kenny, G. P. (2025) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179965 · Cited by 13
Schiavone, S., & Trabace, L. (2018) · CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/cns.12847 · Cited by 10
Determinants of Schizophrenia Endophenotypes Based on Neuroimaging and Biochemical Parameters
Bryll, A., Krzyściak, W., Karcz, P., Pilecki, M. W., Śmierciak, N., Szwajca, M., Skalniak, A., & Popiela, T. J. (2021) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines9040372 · Cited by 10
Topology predicts long-term functional outcome in early psychosis
Fournier, M., Scolamiero, M., Gholam‐Rezaee, M., Cleusix, M., Jenni, R., Ferrari, C., Golay, P., Baumann, P., Cuénod, M., Conus, P., et al. (2020) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-020-0826-1 · Cited by 9
Pósfai, B., Cserép, C., Hegedüs, P., Szabadits, E., Otte, D. M., Zimmer, A., Watanabe, M., Freund, T. F., & Nyíri, G. (2016) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2016.74 · Cited by 9
Ueno, H., Suemitsu, S., Murakami, S., Kitamura, N., Wani, K., Matsumoto, Y., Okamoto, M., & Ishihara, T. (2019) · International Journal of Radiation Biology · doi:10.1080/09553002.2019.1564081 · Cited by 9
Gao, H., Liu, C., Song, S., Zhang, C., Ma, Q., Li, X., & Xu, L. (2017) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/wnr.0000000000000870 · Cited by 8
Role of Oxidative Stress in Pathophysiological Progression of Schizophrenia
Bhatt, S., Upadhyay, T., Patil, C., Pai, K. S. R., Chellappan, D. K., & Dua, K. (2022) · Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews · doi:10.2174/2666082218666220822154558 · Cited by 8
Effects of GSTA1 and GPX3 Polymorphisms on the Risk of Schizophrenia in Chinese Han Population
Liu, C., Song, S., Zhang, J., Li, X., & Gao, H. (2020) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s236298 · Cited by 8
The coupling of low-level auditory dysfunction and oxidative stress in psychosis patients
Geiser, E., Retsa, C., Knebel, J., Ferrari, C., Jenni, R., Fournier, M., Alameda, L., Baumann, P., Clarke, S., Conus, P., et al. (2017) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2017.02.002 · Cited by 8
Oxidative stress reduces levels of dysbindin-1A via its PEST domain
Yap, M.-Y. A., Lo, Y., Talbot, K., & Ong, W. (2014) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2014.10.001 · Cited by 8
Paradigm shift on the concept of schizophrenia that matches with both academic and clinical needs
Sawa, A., Yang, K., & Cascella, N. G. (2022) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2021.12.022 · Cited by 7
PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF GRAPE SEED OIL AGAINST CCl4 INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS IN RAT BRAIN
Ismail, A. F. M., Eassawy, M. M. T., & Salem, A. A. M. (2014) · Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Biotechnology · doi:10.21608/jacb.2014.50047 · Cited by 7
Dysregulation of Glutathione Synthesis in Psychiatric Disorders
Lorenc‐Koci, E. (2014) · Oxidative stress in applied basic research and clinical practice · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-0440-2_14 · Cited by 7
dos Santos, C. A. L., Monteiro, A. A. D. A., Costa, A. R., Barros, L. M., Aloufi, A. D., Almutairi, M. M., Hassan, W., Kamdem, J. P., Duarte, A. E., Ali, A., et al. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-93121-2 · Cited by 6
Lisi, A. D., Valle, A. D., Menchetti, M., Crisafulli, C., & Fabbri, C. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/jcp.0000000000002014 · Cited by 8
Oliveira, G. L. D. S., de Oliveira, F. R. D. A. M., & de Freitas, R. M. (2014) · LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) · doi:10.5897/ajpp2013.3963 · Cited by 6
Borkent, J., Ioannou, M., Folkertsma, T. S., Wardenaar, K. J., Haarman, B. C. M., van Goor, H., Sommer, I. E., & Bourgonje, A. R. (2023) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115075 · Cited by 6
Metadata
- Authors
- Yao, J. K., & Keshavan, M. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Yao, Jeffrey K.
- Venue
- Antioxidants & Redox Signaling
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2011-10
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 2011-2035
- ISSN
- 1523-0864 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-7716
- PMC
- PMC3159108
- OpenAlex
- W2063765492
- Cited by
- 285
- References
- 296
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 2.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Antioxidants and Redox Signaling (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
- Office of Research and Development (MH58141)
- VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-58141, R01MH045203, MH45203, R01MH058141)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry (medical) › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Keywords
- schizophrenia, antioxidant defense, redox signaling, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, purine catabolism, plasma antioxidant capacity, membrane structure, immune dysfunction, neurotransmission, schizophrenia pathophysiology, novel treatment approaches
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Antioxidants, Blood Proteins, Cell Membrane, Glutathione, Humans, Inflammation, Synaptic Transmission, Nitric Oxide, Oxidation-Reduction, Schizophrenia, Signal Transduction, Reactive Oxygen Species, Neurotransmitter Agents, Oxidative Stress, Lipid Metabolism
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review