Cited by 4,930Redox biology and oxidative stressAntioxidant Activity and Oxidative StressNitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects

Oxyl radicals, redox-sensitive signalling cascades and antioxidants

Genestra, Marcelo·2007·Cellular Signalling

Abstract

Oxidative stress is an increase in the reduction potential or a large decrease in the reducing capacity of the cellular redox couples. A particularly destructive aspect of oxidative stress is the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which include free radicals and peroxides. Some of the less reactive of these species can be converted by oxidoreduction reactions with transition metals into more aggressive radical species that can cause extensive cellular damage. In animals, ROS may influence cell proliferation, cell death (either apoptosis or necrosis) and the expression of genes, and may be involved in the activation of several signalling pathways, activating cell signalling cascades, such as those involving mitogen-activated protein kinases. Most of these oxygen-derived species are produced at a low level by normal aerobic metabolism and the damage they cause to cells is constantly repaired. The cellular redox environment is preserved by enzymes and antioxidants that maintain the reduced state through a constant input of metabolic energy. This review summarizes current studies that have been regarding the production of ROS and the general redox-sensitive targets of cell signalling cascades.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.cellsig.2007.04.009

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  • The CYP reaction together with POR releases superoxide as a by-product of the oxidase reaction.

    “The CYP reaction together with POR releases superoxide as a by-product of the oxidase reaction [36], Figure 14.”
  • Superoxide radicals, hydrogen peroxide, singlet oxygen and hypochlorous acid HOCl are generated in the cell membrane through the action of the enzymes NADPH oxidase, myeloperoxidase and xanthine oxidase.

    “Superoxide radicals, hydrogen peroxide, singlet oxygen and hypochlorous acid HOCl are generated in the cell membrane through the action of the enzymes NADPH oxidase, myeloperoxidase and xanthine oxidase [35,36].”

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Authors
Genestra, M.
Affiliations
University of Mississippi Medical Center (US)
Corresponding author
Genestra, Marcelo
Venue
Cellular Signalling
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2007-09
Volume
19
Issue
9
Pages
1807-1819
ISSN
0898-6568 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2078111650
Cited by
4,930
References
235
Citations by year
2026: 13 · 2025: 119 · 2024: 297 · 2023: 395 · 2022: 481 · 2021: 326 · 2020: 299 · 2019: 374 · 2018: 356 · 2017: 405 · 2016: 412 · 2015: 393 · 2014: 159 · 2013: 105 · 2012: 112
FWCI
8.82
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Cellular Signalling (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
Keywords
oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species, oxyl radicals, antioxidants, redox signaling, mitogen-activated protein kinase, transition metal catalysis, apoptosis, cell proliferation, gene expression
MeSH terms
Animals, Antioxidants, Humans, Oxidation-Reduction, Signal Transduction, Reactive Oxygen Species, Oxidative Stress, MAP Kinase Signaling System

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