Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder at Ages 13–18: Results from the National Comorbidity Survey—Adolescent Supplement
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OBJECTIVE: "Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder" (DMDD) has been introduced into the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed. but the utility of this new label and the clinical correlates of the children it describes are yet to be determined. METHODS: A proxy for the DMDD diagnosis was extracted from the National Comorbidity Survey - Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A) data on 6483 adolescents (51.4% female) including Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) diagnoses and measures of impaired functioning from the Sheehan Disability Scale. Cross tabulations and logistic regression were used to assess for prevalence and comorbidity. RESULTS: A total of 310 (5.26%) adolescents met the criteria for DMDD when diagnostic hierarchy and frequency of outbursts were not considered. At the low end of prevalence estimation, only nine adolescents (0.12%) met the most stringent proxy diagnosis, and they also met criteria for a number of comorbid disorders and functional impairment. The rates of comorbidity and functional impairment in adolescents with bipolar disorder were the same, irrespective of their meeting criteria for DMDD. CONCLUSIONS: The DMDD diagnosis captures a small group of adolescents with multiple other psychiatric and neurologic conditions. The specificity of this diagnostic label, therefore, at least in adolescents, remains an open question.
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Studies in clinical and community samples have found that 70-100% of children with DMDD have symptoms that meet the diagnostic requirements for ODD.
“Studies in clinical and community samples have found that 70-100% of children with DMDD have symptoms that meet the diagnostic requirements for ODD 77,79-82 , suggesting that the irritability and behavioural symptom dimensions of ODD are not separable into different disorders 31,78 .”
From An organization‐ and category‐level comparison of diagnostic requirements for mental disorders in <scp>ICD</scp> ‐11 and <scp>DSM</scp> ‐5 (2021) · cites this paper as [79]
The Results report substantial overlap between DMDD and lifetime conduct disorder/ODD in a community sample of adolescents, and the Discussion reports behavior disorders in 70%. Neither figure isolates ODD, and this paper does not establish the claimed 70–100% range across clinical and community samples. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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Oyetunji, A. O., Genovese, A., & Moore, T. (2025) · American Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.11648/j.ajp.20251102.17
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Characterizing Early Childhood Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
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- Authors
- Althoff, R. R., Crehan, E. T., He, J.-P., Burstein, M., Hudziak, J. J., & Merikangas, K. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Vermont (US)
- Genetic Epidemiology Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
- National Institute of Mental Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Althoff, Robert R.
- Venue
- Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2016-03
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 107-113
- ISSN
- 1044-5463 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-8992
- PMC
- PMC4800387
- OpenAlex
- W2259751676
- Cited by
- 77
- References
- 19
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 3
- FWCI
- 10.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (P20GM103644)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Keywords
- disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, adolescents, prevalence, comorbidities, functional disability, bipolar disorder, diagnostic specificity, DSM-5, outbursts, mental illness
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Mental Disorders, Bipolar Disorder, Female, Humans, Interview, Psychological, Male, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Surveys and Questionnaires, Comorbidity, Prevalence, Logistic Models, Mood Disorders, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
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