The Association between Internet Addiction and Belief of Frustration Intolerance: The Gender Difference
Abstract
This study evaluated the association between Internet addiction and frustration intolerance, the gender difference of frustration intolerance, and the gender differences of the association between Internet addiction and frustration intolerance. Participants were 2,114 students (1,204 male and 910 female) who were recruited to complete the Chen Internet Addiction Scale and Frustration Discomfort scale. Females had higher scores on the subscale of entitlement and emotional intolerance and the total scale of the frustration intolerance. There was a significant gender difference on the association between Internet addiction and frustration intolerance. The association was higher in male adolescents. Regression analysis revealed male adolescents with Internet addiction had higher intolerance to frustration of entitlement and emotional discomfort, and female adolescents with it had higher intolerance to emotional discomfort and lower tolerance to frustration of achievement. Frustration intolerance should be evaluated for adolescents with Internet addiction, especially for males. Rational emotive behavior therapy focusing on different irrational beliefs should be provided to male and female adolescents with Internet addiction.
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The sex difference result is partially consistent with previous studies in youth or adult samples in which females reported lower levels of distress tolerance than males.
“This result is partially consistent with previous studies, in either youth or adult samples, in which females reported lower levels of distress tolerance than males [1,38,50,68].”
From The Factorial Structure, Psychometric Properties and Sensitivity to Change of the Distress Tolerance Scale for Children with Emotional Disorders. (2024) · cites this paper as [68]
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“More-over, internet addiction poses a threat to academic performance (Tsit-sika et al., 2014) and subsequently is associated with destructive lifestyles, social isolation, and aggressive behaviors (Ko et al., 2008; Valkenburg et al., 2006).”
Habilidades Sociales e Intolerancia a la Frustración en adultos argentinos
Varela, A. S., & Mustaca, A. E. (2021) · Revista Iberoamericana ConCiencia. · doi:10.32654/concienciaepg.6-2.7 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Exploring the Online Cognition Scale in a Polish sample
Błachnio, A., Przepiórka, A., & Hawi, N. S. (2015) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2015.05.028 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“In the study conducted by Ko et al. (2008) gender moderated the relationship between frustration intolerance and Internet addiction; this association was stronger for males.”
BackgroundProblematic Linkages in Adolescents
Boursier, V., & Manna, V. (2017) · Advances in human and social aspects of technology book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-3477-8.ch014 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Phenomenology and Epidemiology of Problematic Internet Use
Liu, T. C. (2012) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195389715.013.0065 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Adaptação e propriedades psicométricas da versão brasileira da Escala de Frustração e Desconforto
Silva, L. D. S., & Faro, A. (2021) · Avances en Psicología Latinoamericana · doi:10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/apl/a.10561 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Addictive-like behavioural traits in pet dogs with extreme motivation for toy play
Mazzini, A., Senn, K. C., Monteleone, F., & Riemer, S. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-18636-0 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Derin, S., Ersin, M., & Selman, S. (2023) · Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar · doi:10.18863/pgy.1241913 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Are Teacher Candidates Problematic Internet users?
Özdamlı, F. (2011) · Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.457 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Digital failure: An emerging reason of anger expression among adolescents
Sharma, M., Sunil, S., Roopesh, B., Galagali, P. M., Anand, N., Thakur, P. C., Singh, P., Ajith, S., & Murthy, K. (2020) · Industrial Psychiatry Journal · doi:10.4103/ipj.ipj_81_19 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“[6] This was reinforced through these cases, which threw light on Internet usage patterns among adolescents and emerging young adults.”
BackgroundA Systematic Research Review of Internet Addiction and Identity
Luppicini, R., & Alotaibi, S. (2021) · International Journal of Cyber Behavior Psychology and Learning · doi:10.4018/ijcbpl.2021010101 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Kang, S. K., Kwon, J., & Kim, K. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20032435 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Mehdipoorsani, M., Aghaz, A., & Ghasedi, M. (2022) · Journal of Research in Behavioural Sciences · doi:10.52547/rbs.20.2.243 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Rana, A., Mathur, A., Kharia, A., & Mathur, A. (2024) · Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU · doi:10.1055/s-0044-1787805 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Peran frustrasi pada pola asuh otoriter dan agresi: Model moderasi
Rozi, F., & Hafiz, S. E. (2020) · Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat · doi:10.24854/jpu81 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Antony, S. G. (2012) · Heythrop College Publications · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Dependência da internet, definição e tratamentos : revisão sistemática da literatura
Pirocca, C. (2012) · Lume (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul)
Functional Imaging Study of Internet Gaming Disorder
Ko, C., & Yen, J. (2017) · Studies in neuroscience, psychology and behavioral economics · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-46276-9_4
Drivers of retail app continuance use intention among Malaysian millennials
Lim, X. (2020) · Universiti Putra Malaysia Institutional Repository (Universiti Putra Malaysia)
Rachidi, L., Jbilou, W., Youssra, A., Tarabelsi, M., & Benjelloun, G. (2022) · Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences · doi:10.36347/sjams.2022.v10i10.020
“Gender: During adolescence, Internet addiction was associated with male gender [14, 16, 17].”
BackgroundMethodStudy of Internet addiction among medical students
Zidan, S. A. M., Badawy, A. A. E.-K., Eissa, M. A.-R., & Haiba, A. A. (2022) · Tanta Medical Journal · doi:10.4103/tmj.tmj_74_17
Suicidio e adolescenza. Tra Covid e cultura dell'iperconnessione
Martini, R., & Giaquinta, N. (2023) · PSICOBIETTIVO · doi:10.3280/psob2023-001011
Qanadan, F., & Jafarzadeh, M. R. (2025) · Journal of English Education Program · doi:10.26418/jeep.v6i1.80720
“On the other hand, the prevalence of this disorder in both Western and Eastern cultures has been reported as 0.10 to 0.36 (Ko et al., 2008).”
Influential
- Authors
- Ko, C.-H., Yen, J.-Y., Yen, C.-F., Chen, C.-S., & Wang, S.-Y.
- Affiliations
- Kaohsiung Medical University (TW)
- Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital (TW)
- Venue
- CyberPsychology & Behavior
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2008-06
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 273-278
- ISSN
- 1094-9313 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-8364
- OpenAlex
- W2038060901
- Cited by
- 102
- References
- 19
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 12.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- CyberPsychology & Behavior (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Sexuality, Behavior, and Technology
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender and Technology in Education
- Keywords
- internet addiction, frustration intolerance, gender differences, adolescents, entitlement, Chen Internet Addiction Scale, rational emotive behavior therapy
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Adult, Culture, Emotions, Female, Frustration, Gender Identity, Humans, Male, Personality Inventory, Students, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Behavior, Addictive, Internet
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