Type 3 Deiodinase Is Highly Expressed in Infiltrating Neutrophilic Granulocytes in Response to Acute Bacterial Infection
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Macrophages and polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) play an important role in the first line of defense against bacteria by infiltrating the infected organ in order to clear the harmful pathogen. Our earlier studies showed that granulocytes express type 3 deiodinase (D3) when activated during a turpentine-induced abscess. We hypothesized that D3 expression by granulocytes may also occur during bacterial infection. METHODS: In order to test this hypothesis, we used the following experimental infection models: peritonitis induced by Escherichia coli and acute pneumonia induced by Streptococcus pneumoniae. RESULTS: E. coli-induced peritonitis was characterized by infiltration in the liver by inflammatory cells with abundant immunocytochemical D3 expression while no staining was present in hepatocytes of infected or control mice. Acute pneumonia induced by S. pneumoniae resulted in inflamed lungs characterized by numerous infiltrating granulocytes expressing D3 while no D3 staining was present in lung sections without an infiltrate. Serum thyroid hormones were negatively correlated to bacterial outgrowth in both lung and spleen, and thus to the severity of illness. CONCLUSION: Infiltrating granulocytes during acute bacterial infection express D3. Our work supports the hypothesis that D3 plays an important role during chemical and bacterial inflammation. Whether the resulting decreased local bioavailability of thyroid hormones or rather the increased local availability of iodide is an important element of the innate immune response remains to be studied.
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DIO3 protein is highly expressed in infiltrating murine neutrophils during both bacterial infection and sterile inflammation.
“DIO3 protein is highly expressed in infiltrating murine neutrophils during both bacterial infection and sterile inflammation [32, 33].”
From An update on non-thyroidal illness syndrome (2021) · cites this paper as [33]
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Bethea, M. M., Cook, T. M., Stafford, P., Knaub, L. A., Martinez, M. E., Schniedewind, B., Christians, U., Hendrix, J. J., Mestroni, L., Graw, S. L., et al. (2025) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endocr/bqaf181
The Nonimmune Aspects of Sepsis
Juffermans, N. P., Langouche, L., & Nielsen, N. D. (2026) · Critical Care Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.ccc.2026.05.005
Wajner, S. M. (2010) · Americanae (AECID Library)
- Authors
- Boelen, A., Boorsma, J., Kwakkel, J., Wieland, C. W., Renckens, R., Visser, T. J., Fliers, E., & Wiersinga, W. M.
- Affiliations
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam (NL)
- Erasmus MC (NL)
- Venue
- Thyroid
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2008-10
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1095-1103
- ISSN
- 1050-7256 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-9077
- OpenAlex
- W2030186159
- Cited by
- 70
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 2.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Thyroid (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Keywords
- type 3 deiodinase, neutrophils, acute bacterial infection, Escherichia coli peritonitis, pneumococcal pneumonia, inflammatory cell infiltration, iodide, innate immunity, liver inflammation, serum thyroid hormones
- MeSH terms
- Acute Disease, Animals, Escherichia coli Infections, Female, Iodide Peroxidase, Liver, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Neutrophils, Peritonitis, Pneumonia, Pneumococcal, Mice
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