Cited by 96Cellular Mechanics and InteractionsProtein Kinase Regulation and GTPase SignalingMicrotubule and mitosis dynamics

Microtubules regulate GEF-H1 in response to extracellular matrix stiffness

Open access
Heck, Jessica N., Ponik, Suzanne M., Garcia-Mendoza, Maria G., Pehlke, Carolyn A., Inman, David R., Eliceiri, Kevin W., Keely, Patricia J.·2012·Molecular Biology of the Cell

Abstract

Breast epithelial cells sense the stiffness of the extracellular matrix through Rho-mediated contractility. In turn, matrix stiffness regulates RhoA activity. However, the upstream signaling mechanisms are poorly defined. Here we demonstrate that the Rho exchange factor GEF-H1 mediates RhoA activation in response to extracellular matrix stiffness. We demonstrate the novel finding that microtubule stability is diminished by a stiff three-dimensional (3D) extracellular matrix, which leads to the activation of GEF-H1. Surprisingly, activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway did not contribute to stiffness-induced GEF-H1 activation. Loss of GEF-H1 decreases cell contraction of and invasion through 3D matrices. These data support a model in which matrix stiffness regulates RhoA through microtubule destabilization and the subsequent release and activation of GEF-H1.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1091/mbc.e11-10-0876

Cites

51 of 51 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • GEF-H1 can control RhoA activity in response to local changes in the density of dynamic microtubules near the cell margin, e.g., to promote cell invasion or trigger cell retraction and help migrating dendritic cells maintain coherence.

    “In this way, GEF-H1 can control RhoA activity in response to local changes in the density of dynamic microtubules near the cell margin, for example, to promote cell invasion into a dense matrix or trigger cell retraction and help cells with long and elaborate protrusions, such as migrating dendritic cells, to maintain their coherence 21,24-26 .”

    From Taxane-induced conformational changes in the microtubule lattice activate GEF-H1-dependent RhoA signalling (2026) · cites this paper as [24]

    The Introduction and Results report that microtubules participate in GEF-H1–dependent RhoA activation in response to matrix stiffness, and that GEF-H1 knockdown inhibits breast carcinoma cell invasion through stiff gels. The paper does not establish that local changes in dynamic microtubule density near the cell margin trigger retraction or help migrating dendritic cells maintain coherence (no page numbers are available in our copy). (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. Frolov A Chahwan S Ochs M Arnoletti JP Pan ZZ Favorova O Fletcher J von Mehren M Eisenberg B Godwin AK Response markers and the molecular mechanisms of action of Gleevec in gastrointestinal stromal tumors Mol Cancer Ther 2003 2 699 709 12939459

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Heck, J. N., Ponik, S. M., Garcia-Mendoza, M. G., Pehlke, C. A., Inman, D. R., Eliceiri, K. W., & Keely, P. J.
Affiliations
  • University of Wisconsin System (US)
  • Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706
  • University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
Corresponding author
  • Heck, Jessica N.
  • Keely, Patricia J.
Venue
Molecular Biology of the Cell
Published
2012-07
Volume
23
Issue
13
Pages
2583-2592
ISSN
  • 1059-1524 (ISSN-L)
  • 1939-4586
OpenAlex
W2160532246
Cited by
96
References
51
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 5
FWCI
3.78
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by-nc-sa
Locations
  • Molecular Biology of the Cell (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • U.S. Department of Defense (T32 GM008688)
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Cancer Institute (R01CA142833, R01CA114462, P30CA014520)
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32GM008688)
  • U.S. National Library of Medicine (T15LM007359)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
Keywords
GEF-H1, RhoA activation, extracellular matrix stiffness, microtubule stability, microtubule destabilization, breast epithelial cells, cell contractility, cell invasion, MEK/ERK signaling, mechanotransduction
MeSH terms
Animals, Biomechanical Phenomena, Cell Movement, Cells, Cultured, Epithelial Cells, Extracellular Matrix, Humans, Mammary Glands, Animal, Microtubules, Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors, rhoA GTP-Binding Protein, MAP Kinase Signaling System, RNA Interference, Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases, Mice, Protein Stability, Gene Knockdown Techniques, Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review